lnmp

系统平台	IP	服务
redhat7	192.168.233.129	MySQL、PHP
redhat7	192.168.233.128	nginx

• 192.168.233.129

//安装mysql
/安装依赖包
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install ncurses-devel openssl-devel openssl cmake mariadb-devel
//创建用户和组
[root@localhost ~]# groupadd -r -g 306 mysql
[root@localhost ~]# useradd -r -M -s /sbin/nologin -g 306 mysql
[root@localhost ~]# id mysql
uid=996(mysql) gid=306(mysql) 组=306(mysql)
//下载二进制格式的mysql软件包
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/src/
[root@localhost src]# ls
apr-1.6.5          apr-util-1.6.1          debug         httpd-2.4.37.tar.bz2  mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
apr-1.6.5.tar.bz2  apr-util-1.6.1.tar.bz2  httpd-2.4.37  kernels
//解压软件至/usr/local/
[root@localhost src]# tar -xf mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
[root@localhost src]# ls /usr/local/
apache  apr  apr-util  bin  etc  games  include  lib  lib64  libexec  mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64  sbin  share  src
//修改目录/usr/local/mysql的属主属组
[root@localhost src]# cd /usr/local/
[root@localhost local]# ls
apache  apr  apr-util  bin  etc  games  include  lib  lib64  libexec  mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64  sbin  share  src
[root@localhost local]# ln -sv mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/ mysql
"mysql" -> "mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/"
[root@localhost local]# chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql
[root@localhost local]# ll /usr/local/mysql -d
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 mysql mysql 36 2月  20 15:55 /usr/local/mysql -> mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/
//添加环境变量
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
[root@localhost ~]# source /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
[root@localhost ~]# echo $PATH
/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/apache/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin
//建立数据存放目录
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /opt/data
[root@localhost ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /opt/data
[root@localhost ~]# ll /tmp/data -d
drwxr-xr-x. 2 mysql mysql 6 2月  20 16:01 /opt/data
//初始化数据库
[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --datadir=/opt/data
//配置mysql
2019-02-20T08:01:57.365613Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2019-02-20T08:02:02.649657Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2019-02-20T08:02:03.188376Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2019-02-20T08:02:03.261018Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: cec3e17c-34e5-11e9-9b0d-000c295aa226.
2019-02-20T08:02:03.264743Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2019-02-20T08:02:03.267878Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: GSfIupL4jt?C
//请注意，这个命令的最后会生成一个临时密码，此处密码是GSfIupL4jt?C,一定要记住，登录数据库时会用到

//配置mysql
[root@localhost ~]# ln -sv /usr/local/mysql/include/ /usr/local/include/mysql
"/usr/local/include/mysql" -> "/usr/local/mysql/include/"
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf
/usr/local/mysql/lib
[root@localhost ~]# ldconfig
//生成配置文件
[root@localhost ~]# mv /etc/my.cnf /opt/
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /opt/data
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
port = 3306
pid-file = /opt/data/mysql.pid
user = mysql
skip-name-resolve
//配置服务启动脚本
[root@localhost ~]# cp -a /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/init.d/mysqld
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/opt/data		//在这两行的=后面添加内容，原本=后面没有内容
//启动mysql
[root@localhost ~]# service mysqld start
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS! 
[root@localhost ~]# ss -antl
State      Recv-Q Send-Q                       Local Address:Port                                      Peer Address:Port              
LISTEN     0      128                                      *:22                                                   *:*                  
LISTEN     0      100                              127.0.0.1:25                                                   *:*                  
LISTEN     0      128                                     :::22                                                  :::*                  
LISTEN     0      100                                    ::1:25                                                  :::*                  
LISTEN     0      80                                      :::3306                                                :::*                  
//修改密码
//使用临时密码登录
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.23

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
//设置新密码
mysql> set password=password('zml123!');
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> exit
Bye
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -pzml123!
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.7.23 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> 

//编译安装php
//安装yum源
[root@localhost ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# rm -rf *]
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# wget http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS7-Base-163.repo
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# sed -i 's/\$releasever/7/g' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS7-Base-163.repo
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# sed -i 's/^enabled=.*/enabled=1/g' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS7-Base-163.repo
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum -y install epel-release
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# rpm -Uvh https://mirror.webtatic.com/yum/el7/webtatic-release.rpm
//安装依赖包
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install libxml2 libxml2-devel openssl openssl-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel libcurl libcurl-devel libicu-devel libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel openldap-devel  libpcre-devel freetype freetype-devel gmp gmp-devel libmcrypt libmcrypt-devel readline readline-devel libxslt libxslt-devel mhash mhash-devel php72w-mysqlnd
//下载php
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/src/
[root@localhost src]# wget http://cn.php.net/distributions/php-7.2.8.tar.xz
//编译安装php
[root@localhost src]# tar xf php-7.2.8.tar.xz
[root@localhost src]# cd php-7.2.8
[root@localhost php-7.2.8]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php7  --with-config-file-path=/etc --enable-fpm --enable-inline-optimization --disable-debug --disable-rpath --enable-shared --enable-soap --with-openssl --enable-bcmath --with-iconv --with-bz2 --enable-calendar --with-curl --enable-exif  --enable-ftp --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib-dir --with-freetype-dir --with-gettext --enable-json --enable-mbstring --enable-pdo --with-mysqli=mysqlnd --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd --with-readline --enable-shmop --enable-simplexml --enable-sockets --enable-zip --enable-mysqlnd-compression-support --with-pear --enable-pcntl --enable-posix
[root@localhost php-7.2.8]# make
[root@localhost php-7.2.8]# make install
//安装后配置
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/profile.d/php7.sh
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/profile.d/php7.sh
export PATH=/usr/local/php7/bin:$PATH
[root@localhost ~]# source /etc/profile.d/php7.sh
[root@localhost ~]# echo $PATH
/usr/local/php7/bin:/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/apache/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin
[root@localhost ~]# php -v
PHP 7.2.8 (cli) (built: Feb 20 2019 16:56:42) ( NTS )
Copyright (c) 1997-2018 The PHP Group
Zend Engine v3.2.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2018 Zend Technologies
//配置php-fpm
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/src/
[root@localhost src]# cd php-7.2.8
[root@localhost php-7.2.8]# mv /etc/php.ini /opt/
[root@localhost php-7.2.8]# \cp php.ini-production /etc/php.ini
[root@localhost php-7.2.8]# cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm
[root@localhost php-7.2.8]# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm
[root@localhost php-7.2.8]# cp /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf
[root@localhost php-7.2.8]# cp /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf.default /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
//编辑php-fpm的配置文件（/usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf）
/配置fpm的相关选项为你所需要的值：
[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf
......
;  - the global prefix if it's been set (-p argument)
;  - /usr/local/php7 otherwise
include=/usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.d/*.conf
pm.max_children = 50    //最多同时提供50个进程提供50个并发服务
pm.start_servers = 5    //启动时启动5个进程
pm.min_spare_servers = 2    //最小空闲进程数
pm.max_spare_servers = 8    //最大空闲进程数
//启动php-fpm
[root@localhost ~]# service php-fpm start
Starting php-fpm  done
//默认情况下，fpm监听在127.0.0.1的9000端口，也可以使用如下命令验证其是否已经监听在相应的套接字
[root@localhost ~]# ss -antl
State      Recv-Q Send-Q                       Local Address:Port                                      Peer Address:Port              
LISTEN     0      128                                      *:22                                                   *:*                  
LISTEN     0      100                              127.0.0.1:25                                                   *:*                  
LISTEN     0      128                              127.0.0.1:9000                                                 *:*                  
LISTEN     0      128                                     :::22                                                  :::*                  
LISTEN     0      100                                    ::1:25                                                  :::*                  
LISTEN     0      80                                      :::3306                                                :::*      


//修改php的www.conf文件，将监听在127.0.0.1的9000端口改成监听在192.168.233.129的90000端口
```[root@2 ~]# vim /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf

; Unix user/group of processes
; Note: The user is mandatory. If the group is not set, the default user's group
;       will be used.
user = nginx		//用户和组都改成nginx，在php服务器上创建的用户必须要和nginx服务器上的nginx的用户id一致
group = nginx

; The address on which to accept FastCGI requests.
; Valid syntaxes are:
;   'ip.add.re.ss:port'    - to listen on a TCP socket to a specific IPv4 address on
;                            a specific port;
;   '[ip:6:addr:ess]:port' - to listen on a TCP socket to a specific IPv6 address on
;                            a specific port;
;   'port'                 - to listen on a TCP socket to all addresses
;                            (IPv6 and IPv4-mapped) on a specific port;
;   '/path/to/unix/socket' - to listen on a unix socket.
; Note: This value is mandatory.
listen = 192.168.233.129:9000		//将127.0.0.1改成192.168.233.129，之所以要将端口改成本地的ip地址，是因为127只能本机才能访问，其他主机不可以，换成本机的IP地址后，其他主机也可以访问本机的php服务

; Set listen(2) backlog.
; Default Value: 511 (-1 on FreeBSD and OpenBSD)
;listen.backlog = 511
[root@2 ~]# service php-fpm restart
Gracefully shutting down php-fpm warning, no pid file found - php-fpm is not running ?
Starting php-fpm  done
[root@2 ~]# ss -antl
State       Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port               Peer Address:Port              
LISTEN      0      128      *:22                   *:*                  
LISTEN      0      128    192.168.233.129:9000                 *:*                  
LISTEN      0      128     :::22                  :::*                  
LISTEN      0      80      :::3306                :::*                  
[root@2 ~]#

//在php主机上创建虚拟主机目录并生成php测试页面
 [root@localhost ~]# mkdir /var/www
 [root@localhost ~]# vim /var/www/index.php
 [root@localhost ~]# cat /var/www/index.php
 <?php
    phpinfo();
?>
[root@localhost ~]# chown -R nginx.nginx /var/www		//两边的用户要一致

• 测试
  
• 192.168.233.128

//nginx的安装
/创建系统用户nginx
[root@localhost ~]# groupadd -r nginx
[root@localhost ~]# useradd -r -M -s /sbin/nologin -g nginx nginx
//安装依赖环境
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install pcre-devel openssl openssl-devel gd-devel gcc gcc-c++
//安装开发工具
[root@localhost ~]# yum groups list
已加载插件：product-id, search-disabled-repos, subscription-manager
This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use subscription-manager to register.
file:///mnt/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] curl#37 - "Couldn't open file /mnt/repodata/repomd.xml"
正在尝试其它镜像。
可用的环境分组：
   最小安装
   基础设施服务器
   计算节点
   文件及打印服务器
   Cinnamon 桌面环境
   MATE 桌面环境
   基本网页服务器
   虚拟化主机
   带 GUI 的服务器
   GNOME 桌面
   KDE Plasma Workspaces
   开发及生成工作站
已安装的组：
   开发工具
可用组：
   Cinnamon
   Fedora Packager
   Haskell
   MATE
   Milkymist
   TurboGears 应用程序构架
   Xfce
   传统 UNIX 兼容性
   兼容性程序库
   图形管理工具
   安全性工具
   控制台互联网工具
   教育软件
   智能卡支持
   电子实验室
   科学记数法支持
   系统管理
   系统管理工具
   通用桌面
完成
//创建日志存放目录
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /var/log/nginx
[root@localhost ~]# chown -R nginx.nginx /var/log/nginx
//解压nginx
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/src/
[root@localhost src]# tar -xf nginx-1.14.2.tar.gz
//编译安装
[root@localhost nginx-1.14.2]# ./configure \
> --prefix=/usr/local/nginx \
> --user=nginx \
> --group=nginx \
> --with-debug \
> --with-http_ssl_module \
> --with-http_realip_module \
> --with-http_image_filter_module \
> --with-http_gunzip_module \
> --with-http_gzip_static_module \
> --with-http_stub_status_module \
> --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log \
> --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log

[root@localhost nginx-1.14.2]# make
[root@localhost nginx-1.14.2]# make install

//配置环境变量
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/profile.d/nginx.sh
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/profile.d/nginx.sh 
export PATH=/usr/local/nginx/sbin:$PATH
[root@localhost ~]# . /etc/profile.d/nginx.sh
    
//启动nginx
[root@localhost ~]# ss -antl
[root@localhost ~]# ss -antl
State       Recv-Q Send-Q        Local Address:Port                       Peer Address:Port              
LISTEN      0      128                       *:111                                   *:*                  
LISTEN      0      128                       *:80                                    *:*                  
LISTEN      0      128                       *:51856                                 *:*                  
LISTEN      0      128                       *:22                                    *:*                  
LISTEN      0      128                      :::45995                                :::*                  
LISTEN      0      128                      :::111                                  :::*                  
LISTEN      0      128                      :::22                                   :::*      

//配置nginx访问页面
[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
 #}

        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
        #
        location ~ \.php$ {
            alias           /var/www;
            fastcgi_pass   192.168.233.129:9000;
            fastcgi_index  index.php;
            fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /var/www$fastcgi_script_name;
            include        fastcgi_params;
        }

        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root

//重新加载配置文件
[root@localhost ~]# nginx -s reload          

• 配置nfs
  在192.168.233.129上配置

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install nfs-utils
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/exports
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/exports
/var/www 192.168.233.128(insecure,rw,no_root_squash)
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start nfs-server
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable nfs-serve
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/src/zabbix-4.0.4
[root@localhost zabbix-4.0.4]# cp -a frontends/php/* /var/www/
cp：是否覆盖"/var/www/index.php"？ y
[root@localhost zabbix-4.0.4]# chmod 777 /var/www/conf

在192.168.233.128上配置

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install showmount
[root@localhost ~]# showmount -e 192.168.233.129
Export list for 192.168.233.129:
[root@localhost ~]# mount -t nfs 192.168.233.129:/var/www/ /usr/local/nginx/html
[root@localhost ~]# df -h
文件系统                  容量  已用  可用 已用% 挂载点
/dev/mapper/rhel-root      17G  5.1G   12G   30% /
devtmpfs                  478M     0  478M    0% /dev
tmpfs                     489M     0  489M    0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                     489M  6.9M  482M    2% /run
tmpfs                     489M     0  489M    0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1                1014M  125M  890M   13% /boot
tmpfs                      98M     0   98M    0% /run/user/0
192.168.233.129:/var/www   17G  5.7G   12G   34% /usr/local/nginx/html

root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/fstab 
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/fstab

#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Mon Feb 18 21:02:08 2019
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
#
/dev/mapper/rhel-root   /                       xfs     defaults        0 0
UUID=6011a96d-9bf2-4131-9390-faf30b8d83ce /boot                   xfs     defaults        0 0
/dev/mapper/rhel-swap   swap                    swap    defaults        0 0
192.168.233.129:/var/www /usr/local/nginx/html nfs defaults,_netdev 0 0

• 测试，Windows上访问192.168.233.128/zabbix.php