Centos安装mysql

1. 卸载系统自带mariadb

• 查看系统mariadb版本

  rpm -qa | grep mariadb
  

• 卸载此版本的mariadb

  rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64
  

• 再次确认是否删除mariadb

  rpm -qa | grep mariadb
  

  

2. 安装MySQL

• 下载mysql

• 上传至服务器路径 /usr/local/mysql 并解压

  cd /user/local
  mkdir mysql
  cd /user/local/mysql
  

  上传文件至文件夹，解压至文件夹/user/local/mysql

  tar -xvf mysql-5.7.29-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
  mv mysql-5.7.29-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/* /usr/local/mysql
  

• 创建数据文件夹

  mkdir data
  

• 创建分组及用户

  groupadd mysql
  # useradd -g mysql[用户组] mysql[用户名]
  # -r：建立系统账号
  # -g：指定用户所属的起始群组
  useradd -r -g mysql mysql
  chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql
  

3. 创建配置文件及相关目录

• 修改配置文件：/etc/my.cnf，配置不对的话,后面初始化不全,会拿不到默认密码

  vim /etc/my.cnf
  

  添加如下内容

  # mysql conf /etc/my.cnf
  # Created by rex
  # Last Updated 2020.07.21
  [client]
  port = 3306
  socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
  [mysqld]
  port = 3306
  basedir=/usr/local/mysql
  datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/
  socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
  skip-external-locking
  key_buffer_size = 128M
  max_allowed_packet = 1M
  table_open_cache = 256
  sort_buffer_size = 1M
  read_buffer_size = 1M
  read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
  myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M
  thread_cache_size = 8
  query_cache_size= 16M
  max_connections = 300
  wait_timeout = 30
  interactive_timeout = 30
  max_connect_errors = 9
  long_query_time = 1
  tmp_table_size = 16M
  #log-bin=mysql-bin
  #binlog_format=mixed
  #server-id = 1
  [mysqldump]
  quick
  max_allowed_packet = 8M
  [mysql]
  no-auto-rehash
  [myisamchk]
  key_buffer_size = 12M
  sort_buffer_size = 1M
  read_buffer = 1M
  write_buffer = 1M
  [mysqlhotcopy]
  

4. 创建文件/tmp/mysql.sock：

• 设置用户组及用户、授权

  cd /tmp
  touch mysql.sock
  chown mysql:mysql mysql.sock
  chmod 755 mysql.sock
  

5. 创建文件/tmp/mysqld/mysqld.pid

• vi /tmp/mysqld/mysqld.pid

  mkdir mysqld
  cd mysqld
  touch mysqld.pid
  cd ..
  chown -R mysql:mysql mysqld
  cd mysqld
  chmod 755 mysqld.pid
  

6. 创建文件

• vi /var/log/mysqld.log

  touch /var/log/mysqld.log
  chown -R mysql:mysql /var/log
  cd /var/log
  chmod 755 mysqld.log
  

7. 安装和初始化数据库

• 安装及初始化

  cd /usr/local/mysql/bin/
  ./mysqld --initialize --user=root --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
  

  如果报如下错误： ./mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory 可能因为缺少libaio库，运行如下命令检查并安装

  rpm -qa|grep libaio
  yum install libaio
  

  yum 用不了参考这里，或使用如下命令下载离线版

  #下载离线包，并上传至服务器
  sudo yum install yum-utils –y
  sudo yumdownloader docker --resolve --destdir=/home/docker
  #离线的机器上，在rpm文件所在的文件夹内，执行以下脚本
  rpm -Uvh --force --nodeps *.rpm
  

  保存上面生成的临时密码

8. 拷贝服务到对应的目录下, 启动mysql服务

• 启动服务

  cp -a /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
  /etc/init.d/mysql restart --user=root
  

9. 登录，修改密码

• 登录

   mysql -uroot -p 
  

• 输入上面生成的临时密码

  set password=password('xxxxxxx');
  flush privileges;
  

10. 创建软连接(可以在任意位置输入mysql命令)

• 创建软连接

  ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin
  

11. 设置允许远程连接

• 登录mysql mysql -u root -p
  输入如下命令

  use mysql;
  update user set host = '%' where user = 'root';
  FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
  

12. 设置开机自启动

• 添加配置

  cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
  chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld
  chkconfig --add mysqld
  

• 检查配置是否开启

  chkconfig --list
  

  
  3,4,5都是on的话则成功，如果是off，则键入

  chkconfig --level 345 mysqld on
  

• 重启电脑

  reboot
  

• 验证

  netstat -na | grep 3306