【Linux】【Advanced Packaging Tools】Ubuntu 更换软件源镜像

本文记录 Ubuntu 更换镜像源的过程.
使用清华 TUNA 镜像.

1. 受支持的 Ubuntu 更换软件源

对长期支持版本，以 Ubuntu16.04 为例，使用如下步骤修改镜像源.

1. 备份 /etc/apt/sources.list.

sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak

 
2. 编辑 /etc/apt/sources.list.
 
打开 /etc/apt/sources.list：

sudo vim /etc/apt/sources.list

在命令模式下输入 ggdG，删除全部内容.
 
在输入模式下，粘贴复制下列内容：

# 默认注释了源码镜像以提高 apt update 速度，如有需要可自行取消注释
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse

# 预发布软件源，不建议启用
# deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

Ubuntu 其它版本参看Ubuntu 镜像使用帮助.
 
保存退出.
 
3. 更新

sudo apt update

或者

sudo apt-get update

 
4. 国内其它镜像源

清华源	TUNA
科大源	UTSC
阿里源	aliyun mirror
网易源	163 mirror

一般点击 ? 或 help 查看具体的编辑内容

2. 不受支持的 Ubuntu 更换软件源

对已经过期的LTS版本或者非LTS版本等不受支持的 Ubuntu 系统，以 Ubuntu12.04 为例，按照下面所述修改镜像源.

修改 /etc/apt/sources.list：

1. 将软件源地址修改为 http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu（Ubuntu 官方 old 源）或者 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-old-releases/ubuntu（科大 old 源）.
2. 将 Ubuntu 版本代号改为 precise .

# 默认注释了源码仓库，如有需要可自行取消注释
deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-security main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse

# 预发布软件源，不建议启用
# deb http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

其它操作相同.