【Python 笔记】python 和 pip 常见问题解决方案

本文记录使用pip过程中常见问题的解决方案

Q&A 1.

1.问题详情：
Windows 下更新 pip 时报错：

>pip install pip
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "d:\program files\python36\lib\runpy.py", line 193, in _run_module_as_main
    "__main__", mod_spec)
  File "d:\program files\python36\lib\runpy.py", line 85, in _run_code
    exec(code, run_globals)
  File "D:\Program Files\Python36\Scripts\pip.exe\__main__.py", line 5, in <module>
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'pip'

2.解决方案：

>py -3 -m ensurepip    # call python3

>py -3 -m pip install --upgrade pip

Q&A 2.

1.问题详情：
安装了 pip3 install pillow==7.0.0，pillow 版本问题.

from PIL import Image, ImageOps, ImageEnhance, PILLOW_VERSION
ImportError: cannot import name 'PILLOW_VERSION'

2.解决方案：
降低 pillow 版本

pip install 'pillow<7.0.0'

Q&A 3.

1.问题详情：
安装了 pip3 install numpy==1.18.1，numpy 版本问题.

>>>np.linspace(.5, 0.95, np.round((0.95 - .5) / .05) + 1, endpoint=True)
Traceback (most recent call last):
  ...
TypeError: 'numpy.float64' object cannot be interpreted as an integer
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  ...
  ...
TypeError: object of type <class 'numpy.float64'> cannot be safely interpreted as an integer.

2.解决方案：
降低 numpy 版本

pip install 'numpy<1.18.0'

Q&A 4.

1.问题详情：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/Python-3.6.10/Lib/runpy.py", line 193, in _run_module_as_main
    "__main__", mod_spec)
  File "/usr/local/Python-3.6.10/Lib/runpy.py", line 85, in _run_code
    exec(code, run_globals)
  File "/home/huangli/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/__main__.py", line 26, in <module>
    sys.exit(_main())
  File "/home/huangli/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/main.py", line 75, in main
    return command.main(cmd_args)
  File "/home/huangli/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/base_command.py", line 114, in main
    return self._main(args)
  File "/home/huangli/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/base_command.py", line 226, in _main
    self.handle_pip_version_check(options)
  File "/home/huangli/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/req_command.py", line 155, in handle_pip_version_check
    timeout=min(5, options.timeout)
  File "/home/huangli/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/req_command.py", line 100, in _build_session
    index_urls=self._get_index_urls(options),
  File "/home/huangli/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_internal/network/session.py", line 249, in __init__
    self.headers["User-Agent"] = user_agent()
  File "/home/huangli/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_internal/network/session.py", line 132, in user_agent
    zip(["name", "version", "id"], distro.linux_distribution()),
  File "/home/huangli/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distro.py", line 125, in linux_distribution
    return _distro.linux_distribution(full_distribution_name)
  File "/home/huangli/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distro.py", line 681, in linux_distribution
    self.version(),
  File "/home/huangli/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distro.py", line 741, in version
    self.lsb_release_attr('release'),
  File "/home/huangli/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distro.py", line 903, in lsb_release_attr
    return self._lsb_release_info.get(attribute, '')
  File "/home/huangli/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distro.py", line 556, in __get__
    ret = obj.__dict__[self._fname] = self._f(obj)
  File "/home/huangli/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distro.py", line 1014, in _lsb_release_info
    stdout = subprocess.check_output(cmd, stderr=devnull)
  File "/usr/local/Python-3.6.10/Lib/subprocess.py", line 356, in check_output
    **kwargs).stdout
  File "/usr/local/Python-3.6.10/Lib/subprocess.py", line 438, in run
    output=stdout, stderr=stderr)
subprocess.CalledProcessError: Command '('lsb_release', '-a')' returned non-zero exit status 1.

报错信息最后的文件

  File "/usr/local/Python-3.6.10/Lib/subprocess.py", line 438, in run
    output=stdout, stderr=stderr)
subprocess.CalledProcessError: Command '('lsb_release', '-a')' returned non-zero exit status 1.

/usr/local/Python-3.6.10/Lib/subprocess.py 所在目录缺少 lsb_release 文件.

2.解决方案：
将系统中的 lsb_release 文件复制到 /usr/local/Python-3.6.10/Lib/.

$ sudo find / -name 'lsb_release.py'
/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/lsb_release.py
/usr/share/pyshared/lsb_release.py

sudo cp /usr/share/pyshared/lsb_release.py /usr/local/Python-3.6.10/Lib/lsb_release.py