多线程13——死锁

1、多线程互相等待其他线程占有的资源才能运行，而导致两个或者多个线程都在等待对方释放资源，都停止执行的情形，某一个同步块同时拥有“两个以上对象的锁”时，就可能会发生“死锁”的问题

2、死锁：多个线程互相抱着对方需要的资源，然后形成僵持

下面这种情况是死锁的：

package com.kuang.demo7_DeadLock;

import com.sun.org.apache.bcel.internal.generic.NEW;

//死锁：多个线程互相抱着对方需要的资源，然后形成僵持
public class Test01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Makeup g1 = new Makeup(0, "灰姑娘");
        Makeup g2 = new Makeup(1, "白雪公主");

        g1.start();
        g2.start();
    }
}

//口红
class Lipstick{

}

//镜子
class Mirror{

}

class Makeup extends Thread{
    //需要的资源只有一份，用static保证只有一份
    static Lipstick lipstick = new Lipstick();
    static Mirror mirror = new Mirror();

    int choice;//
    String girlName;

    Makeup(int choice,String girlName){
        this.choice = choice;
        this.girlName = girlName;

    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        //化妆
        try {
            makeup();
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    //化妆，需要拿到对方的资源
    private void makeup() throws InterruptedException {
        if(choice == 0){
            synchronized (lipstick){
                //获得口红的锁
                System.out.println(this.girlName+"获得了口红的锁");
                Thread.sleep(1000);

                synchronized (mirror){
                    //获得镜子的锁
                    System.out.println(this.girlName+"获得了镜子的锁");
                }
            }
        }else{
            synchronized (mirror){
                //获得镜子的锁
                System.out.println(this.girlName+"获得了镜子的锁");
                Thread.sleep(1000);

            synchronized (lipstick){
                //获得口红的锁
                System.out.println(this.girlName+"获得了口红的锁");

                }
            }

        }
    }
}
//白雪公主获得了镜子的锁
//灰姑娘获得了口红的锁

下面的情况是可以解锁：

package com.kuang.demo7_DeadLock;

import com.sun.org.apache.bcel.internal.generic.NEW;

//死锁：多个线程互相抱着对方需要的资源，然后形成僵持
public class Test01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Makeup g1 = new Makeup(0, "灰姑娘");
        Makeup g2 = new Makeup(1, "白雪公主");

        g1.start();
        g2.start();
    }
}

//口红
class Lipstick{

}

//镜子
class Mirror{

}

class Makeup extends Thread{
    //需要的资源只有一份，用static保证只有一份
    static Lipstick lipstick = new Lipstick();
    static Mirror mirror = new Mirror();

    int choice;//
    String girlName;

    Makeup(int choice,String girlName){
        this.choice = choice;
        this.girlName = girlName;

    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        //化妆
        try {
            makeup();
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    //化妆，需要拿到对方的资源
    private void makeup() throws InterruptedException {
        if(choice == 0){
            synchronized (lipstick){
                //获得口红的锁
                System.out.println(this.girlName+"获得了口红的锁");
                Thread.sleep(1000);

            }
            synchronized (mirror){
                //获得镜子的锁
                System.out.println(this.girlName+"获得了镜子的锁");
            }
        }else{
            synchronized (mirror){
                //获得镜子的锁
                System.out.println(this.girlName+"获得了镜子的锁");
                Thread.sleep(1000);
            }
            synchronized (lipstick){
                //获得口红的锁
                System.out.println(this.girlName+"获得了口红的锁");

            }
        }
    }
}

  /*  
    结果：
    白雪公主获得了镜子的锁
            灰姑娘获得了口红的锁
    灰姑娘获得了镜子的锁
            白雪公主获得了口红的锁*/