Used to
install a RPM package. Note that RPM packages have file naming conventions like
foo-2.0-4.i386.rpm , which include the package name (foo), version (2.0), release (4), and architecture (i386). Also notice that RPM understands FTP and HTTP protocols for installing and querying remote RPM files.
# rpm -e foo
To
uninstall a RPM package. Note that we used the package name
foo , not the name of the original package file
foo-2.0-4.i386.rpm above.
To
upgrade a RPM package. Using this command, RPM automatically uninstall the old version of the
foo package and install the new package. It is safe to always use
rpm -Uvh to install and upgrade packages, since it works fine even when there are no previous versions of the package installed! Also notice that RPM understands FTP and HTTP protocols for upgrading from remote RPM files.
# rpm -qa
To
query all installed packages . This command will print the names of all installed packages installed on your Linux system.
# rpm -q foo
To
query a RPM package . This command will print the package name, version, and release number of the package
foo only if it is installed. Use this command to verify that a package is or is not installed on your Linux system.
# rpm -qi foo
To
display package information . This command display package information including the package name, version, and description of the installed program. Use this command to get detailed information about the installed package.
# rpm -ql foo
To
list files in installed package . This command will list all of files in an installed RPM package. It works only when the package is already installed on your Linux system.
# rpm -qf /usr/bin/mysql
mysql-3.23.52-3
Which package owns a file? This command checks to determine which installed package a particular file belongs to.
List files in RPM file . This command allows you to query a (possibly) uninstalled RPM file with the use of the the "-p" option. You can use the "-p" option to operate on an RPM file without actually installing anything. This command lists all files in an RPM file you have in the current directory. Also note that RPM can query remote files through the FTP and HTTP protocols.
# rpm --verify mysql
To
verify an installed package . This command will list all files that do NOT pass the verify tests (done on size, MD5 signature, etc). Where a file does NOT pass, the output is listed using the following codes that signify what failed:
S File size
M Mode (includes permissions and file type)
5 MD5 sum
L Symlink
D Device
U User
G Group
T Mtime
Take for example the following:
# rpm --verify mysql
S.5....T c /etc/my.cnf
This example indicates that file
/etc/my.cnf failed on:
File size
MD5 Sum
Modified Time
However, the "c" tells us this is a configuration file so that explains the changes. It should still be looked at to determine what the changes were.
# rpm --checksig foo
To
check a RPM signature package . This command checks the PGP signature of specified package to ensure its integrity and origin. Always use this command first before installing a new RPM package on your system. Also, GnuPG or Pgp software must be already installed on your system before you can use this command.
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