Ubuntu 18.04.1安装docker

• Ubuntu Bionic 18.04 (LTS)

前提：

        如果sudo apt-get update 如下问题，可以更换官方源解决

Ign:1 cdrom://Ubuntu 20.04.1 LTS _Focal Fossa_ - Release amd65 (20200731) focal InRelease
Err:2 cdrom://Ubuntu 20.04.1 LTS _Focal Fossa_ - Release amd65 (20200731) focal Release

        step1. 

sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list_tuna  # 备份现在使用的源

       step2.

sudo vim /etc/apt/sources.list # 修改文件，内容如下

      

#deb cdrom:[Ubuntu 20.04 LTS _Focal Fossa_ - Release amd64 (20200423)]/ focal main restricted
 
# See http://help.ubuntu.com/community/UpgradeNotes for how to upgrade to
# newer versions of the distribution.
deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted
# deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted
 
## Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the
## distribution.
deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted
# deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted
 
## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team. Also, please note that software in universe WILL NOT receive any
## review or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal universe
# deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal universe
deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates universe
# deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates universe
 
## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu 
## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to 
## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in 
## multiverse WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu
## security team.
deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal multiverse
# deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal multiverse
deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates multiverse
# deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates multiverse
 
## N.B. software from this repository may not have been tested as
## extensively as that contained in the main release, although it includes
## newer versions of some applications which may provide useful features.
## Also, please note that software in backports WILL NOT receive any review
## or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
 
## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from Canonical's
## 'partner' repository.
## This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is offered by Canonical and the
## respective vendors as a service to Ubuntu users.
# deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu focal partner
# deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu focal partner
 
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security main restricted
# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security main restricted
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security universe
# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security universe
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security multiverse
# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security multiverse
 
# This system was installed using small removable media
# (e.g. netinst, live or single CD). The matching "deb cdrom"
# entries were disabled at the end of the installation process.
# For information about how to configure apt package sources,
# see the sources.list(5) manual.

step3. 

sudo apt update #更新一下

1.卸载旧版本
 旧版本的Docker被命名为Docker, Docker。io,或者docker-engine。卸载这些旧版本。

sudo apt-get remove docker docker-engine docker.io containerd runc

2. 更新apt包索引并安装包，以允许apt通过HTTPS使用存储库

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install \
    ca-certificates \
    curl \
    gnupg \
    lsb-release

 3. 加Docker的官方GPG密钥

sudo mkdir -p /etc/apt/keyrings
curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg

4. 设置存储库

echo \
  "deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture) signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu \
  $(lsb_release -cs) stable" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null

5. 安装docker Engine

sudo apt-get update

 note: 默认的umask可能配置错误，导致无法检测到存储库公钥文件。在更新包索引之前，尝试为Docker公钥文件授予读权限,如下方法

sudo chmod a+r /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg
sudo apt-get update

6. 下载安装

sudo apt-get install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-compose-plugin

7. 执行

sudo docker run hello-world

出现了这个界面成功