1.find方法
首先,在实体类中重写toString方法
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Customer{" +
"id=" + id +
", lastName='" + lastName + '\'' +
", email='" + email + '\'' +
", age=" + age +
", createdTime=" + createdTime +
", birth=" + birth +
'}';
}
数据库中有该对象的数据
然后,编写find的测试方法
/**
* @author: jinbang
* @create: 2019/8/13 13:26
*/
public class JpaCrudTest {
private EntityManager entityManager;
private EntityTransaction entityTransaction;
@Before//说明该方法在测试方法之前执行
public void init(){
//JpaUtils是我自己写好的工具类
entityManager = JpaUtils.getEntityManager();
entityTransaction = entityManager.getTransaction();
entityTransaction.begin();
}
@After//说明该方法在测试方法之后执行
public void destroy(){
entityTransaction.commit();
entityManager.close();
}
//类似于hibernate中session的get方法
@Test
public void testFind(){
Customer customer = entityManager.find(Customer.class, 1);
System.out.println("---------------------------------------------");
System.out.println(customer);
}
结果:说明调用方法的时候已经初始化了该sql语句
2.getReference方法
测试代码:
//类似于hibernate中Session的load方法
@Test
public void testGetReference(){
Customer customer = entityManager.getReference(Customer.class, 1);
System.out.println("---------------------------------------------");
System.out.println(customer);
结果:该方法使用时不会立即执行sql,当需要用到该方法返回的结果时,才会执行sql语句
3.persist方法
类似于hibernate的save方法,使对象由临时状态变为持久化状态
和hibernate的save方法的不同之处,若对象有id,则不能执行insert操作,而会抛出异常
4.remove方法
测试代码:
//类似于hibernate的delete方法,把对象对应的记录从数据库中移除
//但注意:该方法只能移除持久化对象,而hibernate的delete方法还可以移除游离对象
@Test
public void testRemove(){
// Customer customer = new Customer(); 这是删除游离对象的操作,不适用于jpa,适用于hibernate
// customer.setId(2);
Customer customer = entityManager.find(Customer.class, 1);
entityManager.remove(customer);
}
控制台:
结果,id为1的记录被移除
5.merge方法
5.1.传入临时对象
测试代码:
/**
* 总的来说,类似于hibernate Session的saveOrUpdate方法
*/
//1.若传入的是一个临时对象
@Test
public void testMerge(){
Customer customer = new Customer();
customer.setAge(15);
customer.setCreatedTime(new Date());
customer.setBirth(new Date());
customer.setLastName("Mac");
customer.setEmail("mac@163.com");
Customer customer2 = entityManager.merge(customer);
System.out.println("customer#Id:"+customer.getId());
System.out.println("customer2#Id:"+customer2.getId());
}
控制台:
5.2.游离对象+不存在
//1.若传入的是一个游离对象,数据库中不存在该id为100的数据
@Test
public void testMerge2(){
Customer customer = new Customer();
customer.setAge(15);
customer.setCreatedTime(new Date());
customer.setBirth(new Date());
customer.setLastName("Mac");
customer.setEmail("mac@163.com");
customer.setId(100);
Customer customer2 = entityManager.merge(customer);
System.out.println("customer#Id:"+customer.getId());
System.out.println("customer2#Id:"+customer2.getId());
}
控制台:最后执行的是insert操作
5.3.游离+存在
//1.若传入的是一个游离对象,数据库中存在该id为3的数据
@Test
public void testMerge3(){
Customer customer = new Customer();
customer.setAge(18);
customer.setCreatedTime(new Date());
customer.setBirth(new Date());
customer.setLastName("abc");
customer.setEmail("abc@163.com");
customer.setId(3);
Customer customer2 = entityManager.merge(customer);
System.out.println("customer#Id:"+customer.getId());
System.out.println("customer2#Id:"+customer2.getId());
}
控制台:执行的update
r.merge(customer);
System.out.println(“customer#Id:”+customer.getId());
System.out.println(“customer2#Id:”+customer2.getId());
}
控制台:执行的update
![在这里插入图片描述](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190814112107804.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L1JpY2t5X01vbmFyY2g=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)