BGP策略实验

实验要求：

实验预览图：

 实验过程：

配置IP：

R1：

[r1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 12.0.0.1 24
[r1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 14.0.0.1 24 
[r1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/2
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 13.0.0.1 24
[r1]interface LoopBack 0
[r1-LoopBack0]ip address 1.1.1.1 32
[r1]interface LoopBack 1
[r1-LoopBack1]ip address 192.168.100.1 24

[r1]dis ip int b

Interface                         IP Address/Mask      Physical   Protocol  
GigabitEthernet0/0/0              12.0.0.1/24          up         up        
GigabitEthernet0/0/1              14.0.0.1/24          up         up        
GigabitEthernet0/0/2              13.0.0.1/24          up         up        
LoopBack0                         1.1.1.1/32           up         up(s)     
LoopBack1                         192.168.100.1/24     up         up(s)     
NULL0                             unassigned           up         up(s)     

R2:

[r2]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 10.0.0.2 24
[r2]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 12.0.0.2 24
[r2]interface LoopBack 0
[r2-LoopBack0]ip address 2.2.2.2 32
[r2]interface LoopBack 1
[r2-LoopBack1]ip address 192.168.20.1 24

[r2]display ip int b

Interface                         IP Address/Mask      Physical   Protocol  
GigabitEthernet0/0/0              10.0.0.2/24          up         up        
GigabitEthernet0/0/1              12.0.0.2/24          up         up        
GigabitEthernet0/0/2              unassigned           down       down      
LoopBack0                         2.2.2.2/32           up         up(s)     
LoopBack1                         192.168.20.1/24      up         up(s)     
NULL0                             unassigned           up         up(s)  

R3:

[r3]int GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 13.0.0.2 24
[r3]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 11.0.0.2 24
[r3]interface LoopBack 0
[r3-LoopBack0]ip address 3.3.3.3 32
[r3]interface LoopBack 1
[r3-LoopBack1]ip address 192.168.30.1 24

[r3]dis ip int b

Interface                         IP Address/Mask      Physical   Protocol  
GigabitEthernet0/0/0              13.0.0.2/24          up         up        
GigabitEthernet0/0/1              11.0.0.2/24          up         up        
GigabitEthernet0/0/2              unassigned           down       down      
LoopBack0                         3.3.3.3/32           up         up(s)     
LoopBack1                         192.168.30.1/24      up         up(s)     
NULL0                             unassigned           up         up(s)    

R4:

[r4]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 10.0.0.1 24
[r4]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 11.0.0.1 24
[r4]interface LoopBack 0 
[r4-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.1 24
[r4]interface LoopBack 1
[r4-LoopBack1]ip address 192.168.2.1 24
[r4]interface LoopBack 2
[r4-LoopBack2]ip address 192.168.3.1 24

[r4]dis ip int b

Interface                         IP Address/Mask      Physical   Protocol  
GigabitEthernet0/0/0              10.0.0.1/24          up         up        
GigabitEthernet0/0/1              11.0.0.1/24          up         up        
GigabitEthernet0/0/2              unassigned           down       down      
LoopBack0                         192.168.1.1/24       up         up(s)     
LoopBack1                         192.168.2.1/24       up         up(s)     
LoopBack2                         192.168.3.1/24       up         up(s)     
NULL0                             unassigned           up         up(s)     

R5:

[r5]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 14.0.0.2 24
[r5]interface LoopBack 0
[r5-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.10.1 24
[r5]interface LoopBack 1
[r5-LoopBack1]ip address 192.168.11.1 24
[r5]interface LoopBack 2
[r5-LoopBack2]ip address 192.168.12.1 24

[r5]dis ip int b

Interface                         IP Address/Mask      Physical   Protocol  
GigabitEthernet0/0/0              14.0.0.2/24          up         up        
GigabitEthernet0/0/1              unassigned           down       down      
GigabitEthernet0/0/2              unassigned           down       down      
LoopBack0                         192.168.10.1/24      up         up(s)     
LoopBack1                         192.168.11.1/24      up         up(s)     
LoopBack2                         192.168.12.1/24      up         up(s)     
NULL0                             unassigned           up         up(s)  

配置完成图：

开启OSPF：

R1：

[r1]ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1
[r1-ospf-1]area 0
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.100.1 0.0.0.0
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 12.0.0.1 0.0.0.0
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 13.0.0.1 0.0.0.0

R2:

[r2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
[r2-ospf-1]area 0
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.20.1 0.0.0.0
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 12.0.0.2 0.0.0.0

R3:

[r3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[r3-ospf-1]area 0
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.30.1 0.0.0.0
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 13.0.0.2 0.0.0.0

查看邻居状态：

配置BGP：

R1:

[r1]bgp 123
[r1-bgp]router-id 1.1.1.1
[r1-bgp]peer 2.2.2.2 as-number 123
[r1-bgp]peer 2.2.2.2 connect-interface LoopBack 0

[r1-bgp]peer 2.2.2.2 next-hop-local
[r1-bgp]peer 3.3.3.3 as-number 123
[r1-bgp]peer 3.3.3.3 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r1-bgp]peer 3.3.3.3 next-hop-local
[r1-bgp]peer 14.0.0.2 as-number 500

 查看邻居状态：

R2:

[r2]bgp 123
[r2-bgp]router-id 2.2.2.2
[r2-bgp]peer 1.1.1.1 as-number 123
[r2-bgp]peer 1.1.1.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0

[r2-bgp]peer 1.1.1.1 next-hop-local
[r2-bgp]peer 10.0.0.1 as-number 400

 查看邻居状态： 

R3:

[r3]bgp 123
[r3-bgp]router-id 3.3.3.3
[r3-bgp]peer 1.1.1.1 as-number 123
[r3-bgp]peer 1.1.1.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r3-bgp]peer 1.1.1.1 next-hop-local
[r3-bgp]peer 11.0.0.1 as-number 400

 查看邻居状态： 

R4:

[r4]bgp 400
[r4-bgp]router-id 4.4.4.4
[r4-bgp]peer 10.0.0.2 as-number 123
[r4-bgp]peer 11.0.0.2 as-number 123

 查看邻居状态： 

R5:

[r5]bgp 500
[r5-bgp]router-id 5.5.5.5
[r5-bgp]peer 14.0.0.1 as-number 123

 查看邻居状态： 

修改AS 123中的用户网段为Broadcast：

[r1]interface LoopBack 1
[r1-LoopBack1]ospf network-type broadcast 

***************************************************

[r2]interface LoopBack 1
[r2-LoopBack1]ospf network-type broadcast 

***************************************************

[r3]interface LoopBack 1   
[r3-LoopBack1]ospf network-type broadcast 

宣告BGP路由：

R1:

[r1]BGP 123
[r1-bgp]network 192.168.100.0 24

查看路由情况： 

R2:

[r2]bgp 123
[r2-bgp]network 192.168.20.0 24

查看路由情况：  

R3:

[r3]bgp 123
[r3-bgp]network 192.168.30.0 24

查看路由情况：  

R4:

[r4]bgp 400
[r4-bgp]network 192.168.1.0 24
[r4-bgp]network 192.168.2.0 24
[r4-bgp]network 192.168.3.0 24

查看路由情况：  

R5:

[r5]bgp 500
[r5-bgp]network 192.168.10.0 24
[r5-bgp]network 192.168.11.0 24
[r5-bgp]network 192.168.12.0 24

查看路由情况：  

PreVal策略

使用PreVal策略，确保R4通过R2到达192.168.10.0/24

[r4]ip ip-prefix PV permit 192.168.10.0 24
[r4]route-policy PV permit node 10
[r4-route-policy]if-match ip-prefix PV
[r4-route-policy]apply preferred-value 100
[r4]route-policy PV permit node 20
[r4]bgp 400
[r4-bgp]peer 10.0.0.2 route-policy PV import 

查看配置：

AS_Path策略

使用AS_Path策略，确保R4通过R3到达192.168.11.0/24

[r4]ip ip-prefix AS permit 192.168.11.0 24 
[r4]route-policy AS permit node 30
[r4-route-policy]if-match ip-prefix AS
[r4-route-policy]apply as-path 400 123 500 additive 
[r4]route-policy AS permit node 40
[r4]bgp 400
[r4-bgp]peer 10.0.0.2 route-policy AS import 

查看配置：

MED策略

配置MED策略，确保R4通过R3到达192.168.12.0/24

[r4]ip ip-prefix MED permit 192.168.12.0 24  
[r4]route-policy MED permit node 50
[r4-route-policy]if-match ip-prefix MED
[r4-route-policy]apply cost 10
[r4]route-policy MED permit node 60
[r4]bgp 400
[r4-bgp]peer 10.0.0.2 route-policy MED import

Local Perference策略

使用Local Perference策略，确保R1通过R2到达192.168.1.0/24

[r1]ip ip-prefix LP permit 192.168.1.0 24
[r1]route-policy LP permit node 10
[r1-route-policy]if-match ip-prefix LP
[r1-route-policy]apply local-preference 200

[r1]route-policy LP permit node 20
[r1]bgp 123   
[r1-bgp]peer 2.2.2.2 route-policy LP import 

使用Local Perference策略，确保R1通过R3到达192.168.2.0/24

[r1]ip ip-prefix LPLP permit 192.168.2.0 24
[r1]route-policy LPLP permit node 30
[r1-route-policy]if-match ip-prefix LPLP
[r1-route-policy]apply local-preference 200
[r1]route-policy LPLP permit node 40
[r1]bgp 123  
[r1-bgp]peer 3.3.3.3 route-policy LPLP import 

负载均衡

配置负载均衡，确保R1通过R2和R3到达192.168.3.0/24

[r1]bgp 123
[r1-bgp]maximum load-balancing 2

AS策略

使用AS策略，AS 500不接受任何始发于AS 123的路由

[r5]ip as-path-filter 1 deny _123$
[r5]ip as-path-filter 1 permit .*
[r5]bgp 500
[r5-bgp]peer 14.0.0.1 as-path-filter 1 export 

Community策略

使用自定义Community策略，确保192.168.3.0/24路由不被发布到AS 500

R4:

[r4]route-policy com-1 permit node 10
[r4-route-policy]apply community 400:111

[r4]route-policy com permit node 20
[r4]bgp 400
[r4-bgp]network 192.168.3.0 24 route-policy com-1
[r4-bgp]peer 10.0.0.2 advertise-ext-community
[r4-bgp]peer 11.0.0.2 advertise-ext-community

R2:

[r2]ip community-filter 1 permit 400:111
[r2]route-policy com deny node 10   
[r2-route-policy]if-match community-filter 1
[r2-route-policy]apply community no-export additive  
[r2]route-policy com permit node 20
[r2]bgp 123
[r2-bgp]peer 1.1.1.1 advertise-community
[r2-bgp]peer 10.0.0.1 route-policy com import 

R3:

[r3]ip community-filter 1 permit 400:111
[r3]route-policy com deny node 10
[r3-route-policy]if-match community-filter 1
[r3-route-policy]apply community no-export additive 
[r3]route-policy com permit node 20
[r3]bgp 123
[r3-bgp]peer 1.1.1.1 advertise-community
[r3-bgp]peer 11.0.0.1 route-policy com import