c++多态之重载

c++多态之重载

什么是多态？
一种表现，多种实现（多个函数）。
print（x）
1、x为int类型
2、x为float类型
3、x为double类型

c++为什么引入重载？

省事

运算符重载

1、函数重载


代码演示
重载i++、++i、 + 和 +=运算符

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class Point
{
	
	friend ostream & operator << (ostream &os, const Point& point);
	public:
	Point():x(0),y(0)
	{}
	
	Point(int a,int b):x(a),y(b)
	{}
	
	Point operator+(const Point& p)
	{
		return Point(this->x += p.x, this->y += p.y);
	}
	
	//后置++  i++ 
	Point operator++(int)
	{
		Point p;
		p.x += this->x;
		p.y += this->y;
		x++;
		y++;
		return p;
	}
	
	//前置++  ++i 
	Point& operator++()
	{
		x++;
		y++;
		return *this;	
	}
	
	Point& operator +=(const Point& p)
	{
		this->x += p.x;
		this->y += p.y;
		return *this;
	}
	
	private:
	int x;
	int y;	
};

ostream& operator<<(ostream &os, const Point& point)
{
	os << "x:" << point.x << "  y:" <<point.y;
	return os;
}

int main()
{	
	Point p1{1,1};
	Point p2(3,3);
	p1+p2;
	cout << p1 <<endl;
	
	p1++;
	cout << p1<<endl;
	++p2;
	cout << p2<<endl;
	
	p1+=p2;
	cout << p1 <<endl;

	return 0;
}

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class Fraction
{
	
	friend ostream & operator << (ostream &os, const Fraction & f);
	
	public:
	Fraction(int x,int y):_numerator(x),_denomiantor(y)
	{} 	
	int measure(int x,int y)
	{
		int z=y;
		while(x%y!=0)
		{
			z=x%y;
			x=y;
			y=z;
		}
			return z;		
	}
	
	Fraction operator+(const Fraction& f)
	{
		int x = this->_numerator * f._denomiantor + this->_denomiantor* f._numerator;
		int y= this->_denomiantor * f._denomiantor;
		int z = measure(x,y);	
		return Fraction(x/z,y/z);
	}
	
	Fraction operator*(const Fraction& f)
	{
		int x = this->_numerator * f._numerator;
		int y= this->_denomiantor * f._denomiantor;
		int z = measure(x,y);	
		return Fraction(x/z,y/z);
	}
	
	
		Fraction& operator += (const Fraction& f)
	{
		int x = this->_numerator * f._denomiantor + this->_denomiantor* f._numerator;
		int y= this->_denomiantor * f._denomiantor;
		int z = measure(x,y);		
		this->_numerator = x/z;
		this->_denomiantor = y/z;
		return *this;
	}
	
	bool operator == (const Fraction &f)
	{
		return this->_numerator *f._denomiantor == this->_denomiantor * f._numerator;
	}
	private:
		int _numerator; //分子
		int _denomiantor; //分母 
}; 

ostream & operator << (ostream &os, const Fraction & f)
{
	os <<  f._numerator << "/"<< f._denomiantor  <<endl;
	return os;
}

int main()
{
	Fraction f1(1,6);
	Fraction f2(1,4);
	cout<<(f1+f2) <<endl;
	cout<< f1*f2 <<endl;
	f1+=f2;
	f1*=f2;
	if(f1==f2)
	cout <<"equ" <<endl;
	return 0;
}