1. epoll的由来
epoll是在Linux 2.6.28内核提出的,是select和poll的强化升级版本。相比select和poll,epoll更灵活,没有描述符限制。epoll在Unix中是没有的。
epoll使用一个文件描述符管理多个描述符,将用户关系的文件描述符的事件存放到内核的一个事件表中,这样在用户空间和内核空间的copy只需一次。
2. epoll的使用
Linux 2.6.28之后的系统提供了如下的一组API,这不同于之前的select和poll,他们都只是一个单个的函数。
#include <sys/epoll.h>
int epoll_create(int size);
int epoll_ctl(int epfd, int op, int fd, struct epoll_event *event);
int epoll_wait(int epfd, struct epoll_event * events, int maxevents, int timeout);
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <sys/epoll.h>
#define SERV_PORT 8000
#define MAXLINE 1024
#define OPEN_MAX 1024
int main()
{
int listenfd, connfd, client[OPEN_MAX], efd;
struct sockaddr_in server_addr, client_addr;
struct epoll_event tep, ep[OPEN_MAX];
int i = 0, maxi, nready, clientlen, sockfd, n, j=0, res;
char buf[MAXLINE];
listenfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
bzero(&server_addr, sizeof(server_addr));
server_addr.sin_port = htons(SERV_PORT);
server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
bind(listenfd, (struct sockaddr *)&server_addr, sizeof(server_addr));
listen(listenfd, 20);
maxi = -1;
for(i=1; i<OPEN_MAX; ++i)
client[i] = -1;
efd = epoll_create(OPEN_MAX);
if(efd == -1)
{
printf("epoll_create error!\n");
exit(-1);
}
tep.events = EPOLLIN;
tep.data.fd = listenfd;
res = epoll_ctl(efd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, listenfd, &tep);
if(res == -1)
{
printf("epoll_ccl error!\n");
exit(-1);
}
while(1)
{
nready = epoll_wait(efd, ep, OPEN_MAX, -1);
if(nready == -1)
{
printf("epoll_wait error!\n");
exit(-1);
}
for(i=0; i<nready; ++i)
{
if(!(ep[i].events & EPOLLIN))
continue;
if(ep[i].data.fd == listenfd)
{
clientlen = sizeof(client_addr);
connfd = accept(listenfd, (struct sockaddr*)&client_addr, &clientlen);
for(j=0;j<OPEN_MAX;++j)
{
if(client[j] < 0)
{
client[j] = connfd;
break;
}
if(j == OPEN_MAX)
printf("too many clients\n");
if(j > maxi)
maxi = j;
tep.events = EPOLLIN;
tep.data.fd = connfd;
res = epoll_ctl(efd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, connfd, &tep);
if(res == -1)
{
printf("epoll_ctl error!\n");
exit(-1);
}
}
}
else
{
sockfd = ep[i].data.fd;
n = read(sockfd, buf, MAXLINE);
if(0 == n)
{
for(j=0; j <= maxi; ++j)
{
if(client[j] == sockfd)
{
client[i] = -1;
break;
}
}
res = epoll_ctl(efd, EPOLL_CTL_DEL, sockfd, NULL);
if(res == -1)
{
printf("epoll_ctl error\n");
exit(-1);
}
close(sockfd);
}
else
write(sockfd, buf, n);
}
}
}
close(listenfd);
close(efd);
return 0;
}