pro*c编译环境

1.用whiche proc 和 proc查看当前环境下proc是否配置好。

[sms@db proc_demo]$ which proc
/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/client_1/bin/proc
[sms@db proc_demo]$ ls -lt /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/client_1/bin/proc
-rwxr-xr-x 1 sms oinstall 7362193 Oct 15 15:55 /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/client_1/bin/proc
[sms@db proc_demo]$ 

2.安装oracle或者oracle客户端，里面就带有proc的环境，需要在bash_profile中配置export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH，因为proc在$ORACLE_HOME/bin目录下，
配置LD_LIBRARY_PATH环境变量是因为这里有proc执行时候需要的函数库（不配置它会报libclntsh.so找不到）。我的虚拟机中详细配置如下:

# .bash_profile

# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
        . ~/.bashrc
fi

# User specific environment and startup programs

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin

export PATH

# Oracle Settings
TMP=/tmp; export TMP
TMPDIR=$TMP; export TMPDIR

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0/client_1
#export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib;  export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib; export CLASSPATH

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
export LANG="en_US.UTF-8"
export NLS_LANG="American_America.AL32UTF8" #SIMPLIFIED CHINESE_CHINA.ZHS16GBK
export NLS_DATE_FORMAT="YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS"


#java settings
export PATH
export JAVA_HOME=/u01/app/software/jdk1.6.0_21
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JAVA_HOME/jre/bin:$PATH
export JAVA_lib=/home/sms/javamem/memcDemo
export CLASSPATH=.:$CLASSPATH:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar:$JAVA_lib/lib:$JAVA_lib/lib/commons-pool-1.5.6.jar:$JAVA_lib/lib/java_memcached-release_2.6.6.jar:$JAVA_lib/lib/slf4j-api-1.6.1.jar:$JAVA_lib/lib/slf4j-simple-1.6.1.jar

CATALINA_HOME=/u01/app/software/apache-tomcat-6.0.18


3.配置好环境变量生效后，执行proc，就可以显示出当前环境下proc的默认参数值。
修改系统配置文件，添加pro*c程序需要的头文件路径。
[sms@db msgseq]$ cat /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/client_1/precomp/admin/pcscfg.cfg  
sys_include=(/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/client_1/precomp/public/,/usr/include,/usr/lib/gcc-lib/x86_64-redhat-linux/3.2.3/include,/usr/lib64/gcc-lib/x86_64-suse-linux/3.3.3/include,/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.1.1/include,/usr/lib64/gcc/x86_64-suse-linux/4.1.0/include)
ltype=short
define=__x86_64__

 [sms@db proc_demo]$ proc

Pro*C/C++: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Oct 17 15:41:25 2013

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

System default option values taken from: /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/client_1/precomp/admin/pcscfg.cfg

Option Name    Current Value  Description
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
auto_connect   no             Allow automatic connection to ops$ account
char_map       charz          Mapping of character arrays and strings
close_on_commitno             Close all cursors on COMMIT
cmax           100            CMAX Value for connection pool
cmin           2              CMIN Value for connection pool
cincr          1              CINCR Value for connection pool
ctimeout       0              CTIMEOUT Value for connection pool
cnowait        0              CNOWAIT Value for connection pool
code           kr_c           The type of code to be generated
comp_charset   multi_byte     The character set type the C compiler supports
config         default        Override system configuration file with another
cpool          no             Support connection pooling
cpp_suffix     *none*         Override the default C++ filename suffix
dbms           native         v6/v7/v8 compatibility mode
def_sqlcode    no             Generate '#define SQLCODE sqlca.sqlcode' macro
define         __x86_64__     Define a preprocessor symbol
               *none*                                                           
duration       transaction    Set pin duration for objects in the cache
dynamic        oracle         Specify Oracle or ANSI Dynamic SQL Semantics
errors         yes            Whether error messages are sent to the terminal
errtype        *none*         Name of the list file for intype file errors
events         no             Support publish-subscribe event notifications
fips           none           FIPS flagging of ANSI noncompliant usage
header         *none*         Specify file extension for Precompiled Headers
hold_cursor    no             Control holding of cursors in the cursor cache
iname          *none*         The name of the input file
include        *none*         Directory paths for included files
intype         *none*         The name of the input file for type information
lines          no             Add #line directives to the generated code
lname          *none*         Override default list file name
ltype          short          The amount of data generated in the list file
maxliteral     1024           Maximum length of a generated string literal
maxopencursors 10             Maximum number of cached open cursors
mode           oracle         Code conformance to Oracle or ANSI rules
native_types   no             Support for native float/double
nls_char       *none*         Specify National Language character variables
nls_local      no             Control how NLS character semantics are done
objects        yes            Support object types
oname          *none*         The name of the output file
oraca          no             Control the use of the ORACA
pagelen        80             The page length of the list file
parse          full           Control which non-SQL code is parsed
prefetch       1              Number of rows pre-fetched at cursor OPEN time
release_cursor no             Control release of cursors from cursor cache
select_error   yes            Control flagging of select errors
sqlcheck       syntax         Amount of compile-time SQL checking
sys_include    /usr/lib64/gcc/Directory where system header files are found
               /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.1.1/include                   
               /usr/lib64/gcc-lib/x86_64-suse-linux/3.3.3/include               
               /usr/lib/gcc-lib/x86_64-redhat-linux/3.2.3/include               
               /usr/include                                                     
               /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/client_1/precomp/public/          
threads        no             Indicates a multi-threaded application
type_code      oracle         Use Oracle or ANSI type codes for Dynamic SQL
unsafe_null    no             Allow a NULL fetch without indicator variable
userid         *none*         A username/password [@dbname] connect string
utf16_charset  nchar_charset  The character set form used by UTF16 variables
varchar        no             Allow the use of implicit varchar structures
version        recent         Which version of an object is to be returned
PCC-F-02135, CMD-LINE:  User asked for help
[sms@db proc_demo]$ 

4.常用预编译选项 INAME,ONAME,INCLUDE,PARSE,SQLCHECK,USERID
INAME:用于指定pc源文件的名称（路径+文件名，文件名）
ONAME:用于指定编译生成后c/c++文件的名称（路径+文件名，文件名），文件名的后缀由CPP_SUFFIX指定
INCLUDE:用于指定#include或者EXEC SQL INCLUDE 语句对应的头文件路径。在预编译的时候，预编译器会按照下面顺序定位c/c++头文件
    a.当前目录
    b.SYS_INCLUDE选项指定的目录（命令行，系统配置文件，用户配置文件）
    c.INCLUDE选项指定的目录（命令行，系统配置文件，用户配置文件）
    d.c/c++标准头文件的内置目录（环境变量？）

PARSE:指定预编译时解析pc源程序的方法，三个待选值FULL（默认值，用c解析器解析解析源程序，源程序中不能带有c++的对象）,PARTIAL,NONE（要选为C++时需要设置为PARTIAL或NONE，此时必须定义部分内定义的宿主变量。还没有找到哪些内定义的宿主变量？？？）。
SQLCHECK:用于指定sql语法和语义的检查方式。三个待选值SEMANTICS,FULL（SEMANTICS,FULL时可以解析plsql,必须设置userid）,SYNTAX(默认值，只能解析sql语法，不能解析pl/sql块) 
USERID:指定用户名，密码，网络服务名

proc iname=/home/sms/procdemo/conntest.pc oname=/home/sms/procdemo/conntest.c
     parse=full
     include=$ORACLE_HOME/precomp/public   proc代码调用的头文件
     include=/usr/lib                      c/c++代码调用的头文件
     sqlcheck=full userid=scott/tiger@orcl 

[sms@db proc_demo]$ proc iname=conntest.pc oname=conntest_1.c parse=full include=$ORACLE_HOME/precomp/public include=/usr/lib sqlcheck=full userid=ydqxn/ydqxn@ydqx

Pro*C/C++: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Oct 17 16:49:12 2013

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

System default option values taken from: /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/client_1/precomp/admin/pcscfg.cfg

[sms@db proc_demo]$ 
[sms@db proc_demo]$ ls -lt
total 72
-rw-r--r-- 1 sms oinstall  6476 Oct 17 16:49 conntest_1.c
-rw-r--r-- 1 sms oinstall     0 Oct 17 16:49 conntest.lis
-rw------- 1 sms oinstall     0 Oct 17 16:49 tpExTC2f
-rw------- 1 sms oinstall     0 Oct 17 16:49 tpIOxpan
-rw------- 1 sms oinstall     0 Oct 17 16:49 tpll0vBj
-rwxr-xr-x 1 sms oinstall 14845 Oct 16 17:25 ddl_dml
-rw-r--r-- 1 sms oinstall 17875 Oct 16 17:25 ddl_dml.c
-rw-r--r-- 1 sms oinstall  2767 Oct 16 17:25 ddl_dml.pc
-rwxr-xr-x 1 sms oinstall 10329 Oct 16 15:13 conntest
-rw-r--r-- 1 sms oinstall  6478 Oct 16 15:13 conntest.c
-rw-r--r-- 1 sms oinstall   816 Oct 16 15:13 conntest.pc
[sms@db proc_demo]$ proc iname=conntest.pc oname=conntest_1.c parse=full include=$ORACLE_HOME/precomp/public include=/usr/lib sqlcheck=full 

Pro*C/C++: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Oct 17 16:49:37 2013

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

System default option values taken from: /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/client_1/precomp/admin/pcscfg.cfg

[sms@db proc_demo]$ 
[sms@db proc_demo]$ 
[sms@db proc_demo]$ gcc -o conntest_1 conntest_1.c -I $ORACLE_HOME/precomp/public -L $ORACLE_HOME/lib -l clntsh
[sms@db proc_demo]$ ls -lt
total 84
-rwxr-xr-x 1 sms oinstall 10331 Oct 17 16:50 conntest_1
-rw-r--r-- 1 sms oinstall  6476 Oct 17 16:49 conntest_1.c
-rw-r--r-- 1 sms oinstall     0 Oct 17 16:49 conntest.lis
-rw------- 1 sms oinstall     0 Oct 17 16:49 tpAezcy9
-rw------- 1 sms oinstall     0 Oct 17 16:49 tpGRDzgS
-rw------- 1 sms oinstall     0 Oct 17 16:49 tpm63XYA
-rw------- 1 sms oinstall     0 Oct 17 16:49 tpExTC2f
-rw------- 1 sms oinstall     0 Oct 17 16:49 tpIOxpan
-rw------- 1 sms oinstall     0 Oct 17 16:49 tpll0vBj
-rwxr-xr-x 1 sms oinstall 14845 Oct 16 17:25 ddl_dml
-rw-r--r-- 1 sms oinstall 17875 Oct 16 17:25 ddl_dml.c
-rw-r--r-- 1 sms oinstall  2767 Oct 16 17:25 ddl_dml.pc
-rwxr-xr-x 1 sms oinstall 10329 Oct 16 15:13 conntest
-rw-r--r-- 1 sms oinstall  6478 Oct 16 15:13 conntest.c
-rw-r--r-- 1 sms oinstall   816 Oct 16 15:13 conntest.pc
[sms@db proc_demo]$ ./conntest_1 
conn success!!!
1
./conntest_1
without conn char!!
[sms@db proc_demo]$ ./conntest_1 ydqxn/ydqxn@ydqx
conn success!!!
2
./conntest_1
conn char:ydqxn/ydqxn@ydqx
conn success!!!
[sms@db proc_demo]$ 


5.其他预编译选项
这些预编译选项不仅可以在配置文件和命令行下使用，还可以在pc源程序中使用，在多个地方配置时，oracle使用这些参数的顺序如下：
    a.pc源程序的选项值
    b.命令行的选项值
    c.用户配置文件的选项值（proc 带config参数）
    d.系统文件的选项值
    e.预编译器的内置默认值