数据库 connection 的本质

最新推荐文章于 2023-01-08 21:40:31 发布

^一剪梅^

最新推荐文章于 2023-01-08 21:40:31 发布

阅读量1.4k

点赞数 2

分类专栏：数据库

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/Run_by_Wind/article/details/103793593

版权

数据库专栏收录该内容

2 篇文章 0 订阅

订阅专栏

目前在网上看到有如下两种获取 connection 的办法：

第一种：
//3.创建Driver对象
Driver driver = (Driver)Class.forName(driverName).newInstance();

Properties info = new Properties(); //driver的connect方法中需要一个Properties型的参数
info.put(“user”, user);
info.put(“password”, password);

//4.使用driver的connect方法获取数据库连接
Connection conn = driver.connect(url, info);

第二种：
/3.加载驱动程序，即将数据库厂商提供的Driver接口实现类加载进内存；
// 该驱动类中的静态代码块包含有注册驱动的程序，在加载类时将被执行
Class.forName(driverName);

//4.通过DriverManager类的静态方法getConnection获取数据连接
Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);

总结来说就算一种是通过 Dirver 来获取，一种是通过 DriverManager 来获取.

然后进一步调试源码，发现通过 DriverManager 来获取，最终还是转换成通过 Driver 来获取，如下：

所以，这两者本质上是一个东西.

那下面在说下 connection 是什么？或者说 connection 有哪些东西？

说这个之前，我们先看下 Driver 是啥？或者说我们先自定义一个 Driver.

public class SSDriver implements Driver {
private final String URL_PREFIX = “jdbc:smalldb”;

static SSDriver ssDriver;

static {
    ssDriver = new SSDriver();
    try {
        DriverManager.registerDriver(ssDriver);
    } catch (SQLException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
}

// 解析 url
// 例：jdbc:mysql://192.168.0.105:3306/shgb_fz?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF8&
// autoReconnect=true&zeroDateTimeBehavior=convertToNull
private Properties parse(String url, Properties info) throws SQLException {
    Properties props = (Properties)info.clone();
    if(!acceptsURL(url)){
        return props;
    }
    int idx1 = url.indexOf(':', 5); // search after "jdbc:"
    int idx2 = url.indexOf('?');
    if(idx1 > 0){
        String dbPath = (idx2 > 0) ? url.substring(idx1 + 1, idx2) : url.substring(idx1 + 1);
        props.setProperty("dbpath", dbPath);
    }
    if(idx2 > 0){
        String propsString = url.substring(idx2 + 1);
        StringTokenizer tok = new StringTokenizer(propsString, ";");
        while(tok.hasMoreTokens()){
            String keyValue = tok.nextToken().trim();
            if(keyValue.length() > 0){
                idx1 = keyValue.indexOf('=');
                if(idx1 > 0){
                    String key = keyValue.substring(0, idx1).toLowerCase().trim();
                    String value = keyValue.substring(idx1 + 1).trim();
                    props.put(key, value);
                }else{
                    throw SmallDBException.create(Language.CUSTOM_MESSAGE, "Missing equal in property:" + keyValue);
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return props;
}

public Connection connect(String url, Properties info) throws SQLException {
    if(acceptsURL(url)){
        return new SSConnection(parse(url, info));
    }
    return null;
}

// 检查该 URL 是否合法.
public boolean acceptsURL(String url) throws SQLException {
    return url.startsWith(URL_PREFIX);
}

public DriverPropertyInfo[] getPropertyInfo(String url, Properties info) throws SQLException {
    Properties props = parse(url, info);
    DriverPropertyInfo[] driverInfos = new DriverPropertyInfo[1];
    driverInfos[0] = new DriverPropertyInfo("dbpath", props.getProperty("dbpath"));
    return driverInfos;
}

public int getMajorVersion() {
    return 0;
}

public int getMinorVersion() {
    return 20;
}

public boolean jdbcCompliant() {
    return true;
}

public Logger getParentLogger() throws SQLFeatureNotSupportedException {
    return null;
}

}

然后看下 connection 中做了那些事：

/**

Connection 应该包含哪些信息了？
1.连接那个数据库
2.事务隔离级别
3.是否自动提交
*/
public class SSConnection implements Connection {

private boolean autoCommit = true;
private Database database;
int isolationLevel = TRANSACTION_READ_COMMITTED;
// 待提交的集合.
private List commitPages = new ArrayList();
// 事务开启时间
private long transactionTime;

private final SSDatabaseMetadata metadata;

private int holdability;

final Logger log;

public SSConnection(Properties props) throws SQLException {
SmallDBException.setLanguage(props.get(“locale”));
log = new Logger();
String name = props.getProperty(“dbpath”);
boolean create = “true”.equals(props.getProperty(“create”));
database = Database.getDatabase(name, this, create);
metadata = new SSDatabaseMetaData(this);
}

SSConnection(SSConnection conn){
database = conn.database;
metadata = conn.metadata;
log = conn.log;
}

Database getDatabase(boolean returnNull) throws SQLException{
testClosedConnection();
// 打开数据的含义就是读文件.
// 数据库数据的存储本质上也是文件的存储.
if(!returnNull && database == null) throw SmallDBException.create(Language.DB_NOTCONNECTED);
return database;
}

final void testClosedConnection() throws SQLException{
if(isClosed()) throw SmallDBException.create(Language.CONNECTION_CLOSED);
}

Object getMonitor(){
return this;
}

@Override
public Statement createStatement() throws SQLException {
return new SSStatement(this);
}

@Override
public PreparedStatement prepareStatement(String sql) throws SQLException {
return SSPreparedStatement(this, sql);
}

@Override
public CallableStatement prepareCall(String sql) throws SQLException {
return SSCallableStatement(this, sql);
}

@Override
public String nativeSQL(String sql) throws SQLException {
return sql;
}

@Override
public void setAutoCommit(boolean autoCommit) throws SQLException {
if(log.isLogging()) log.println(“AutoCommit:”+autoCommit);
if(this.autoCommit != autoCommit){
// 先提交，后改变
commit();
this.autoCommit = autoCommit;
}
}

@Override
public boolean getAutoCommit() throws SQLException {
return autoCommit;
}

/**
- Add a page for later commit or rollback.
  */
  void add(TransactionStep storePage) throws SQLException{
  testClosedConnection();
  synchronized(getMonitor()){
  commitPages.add(storePage);
  }
  }
// TODO 待定
@Override
public void commit() throws SQLException {
log.println(“Commit”);
testClosedConnection();
synchronized(getMonitor()){
try{
int count = commitPages.size();
for(int i=0; i<count; i++){
TransactionStep page = (TransactionStep)commitPages.get(i);
page.commit();
}
for(int i=0; i<count; i++){
TransactionStep page = (TransactionStep)commitPages.get(i);
page.freeLock();
}
commitPages.clear();
transactionTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
}catch(Throwable e){
rollback();
throw SmallDBException.createFromException(e);
}
}
}

/**
- Discard all changes of a file because it was deleted.
  */
  void rollbackFile(RandomAccessFile raFile) throws SQLException{
  testClosedConnection();
  // remove the all commits that point to this table
  synchronized(getMonitor()){
  for(int i = commitPages.size() - 1; i >= 0; i–){
  TransactionStep page = (TransactionStep)commitPages.get(i);
  if(page.raFile == raFile){
  page.rollback();
  page.freeLock();
  }
  }
  }
  }
void rollback(int savepoint) throws SQLException{
testClosedConnection();
synchronized(getMonitor()){
for(int i = commitPages.size() - 1; i >= savepoint; i–){
TransactionStep page = (TransactionStep)commitPages.remove(i);
page.rollback();
page.freeLock();
}
}
}

@Override
public void rollback() throws SQLException {
log.println(“Rollback”);
testClosedConnection();
synchronized(getMonitor()){
int count = commitPages.size();
for(int i=0; i<count; i++){
TransactionStep page = (TransactionStep)commitPages.get(i);
page.rollback();
page.freeLock();
}
commitPages.clear();
transactionTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
}
}

// 关闭前回滚
@Override
public void close() throws SQLException {
rollback();
database = null;
commitPages = null;
Database.closeConnection(this);
}

@Override
public boolean isClosed() throws SQLException {
return null == commitPages;
}

@Override
public DatabaseMetaData getMetaData() throws SQLException {
return metadata;
}

@Override
public void setReadOnly(boolean readOnly) throws SQLException {
//TODO Connection ReadOnly implementing
}

@Override
public boolean isReadOnly() throws SQLException {
return false;
}

@Override
public void setCatalog(String catalog) throws SQLException {
testClosedConnection();
database = Database.getDatabase(catalog, this, false);
}

@Override
public String getCatalog() throws SQLException {
if(database == null)
return “”;
return database.getName();
}

@Override
public void setTransactionIsolation(int level) throws SQLException {
if(!metadata.supportsTransactionIsolationLevel(level)) {
throw SmallSQLException.create(Language.ISOLATION_UNKNOWN, String.valueOf(level));
}
isolationLevel = level;
}

@Override
public int getTransactionIsolation() throws SQLException {
return isolationLevel;
}

@Override
public SQLWarning getWarnings() throws SQLException {
return null;
}

@Override
public void clearWarnings() throws SQLException {

}

@Override
public Statement createStatement(int resultSetType, int resultSetConcurrency) throws SQLException {
return new SSStatement( this, resultSetType, resultSetConcurrency);
}

@Override
public PreparedStatement prepareStatement(String sql, int resultSetType, int resultSetConcurrency) throws SQLException {
return new SSPreparedStatement(this, sql, resultSetType, resultSetConcurrency);
}

@Override
public CallableStatement prepareCall(String sql, int resultSetType, int resultSetConcurrency) throws SQLException {
return new SSCallableStatement(this, sql, resultSetType, resultSetConcurrency);
}

@Override
public Map<String, Class<?>> getTypeMap() throws SQLException {
return null;
}

@Override
public void setTypeMap(Map<String, Class<?>> map) throws SQLException {

}

@Override
public void setHoldability(int holdability) throws SQLException {
this.holdability = holdability;
}

@Override
public int getHoldability() throws SQLException {
return holdability;
}

int getSavepoint() throws SQLException{
testClosedConnection();
return commitPages.size(); // the call is atomic, that it need not be synchronized
}

@Override
public Savepoint setSavepoint() throws SQLException {
return new SSSavepoint(getSavepoint(), null, transactionTime);;
}

@Override
public Savepoint setSavepoint(String name) throws SQLException {
return new SSSavepoint(getSavepoint(), name, transactionTime);
}

@Override
public void rollback(Savepoint savepoint) throws SQLException {

}

@Override
public void releaseSavepoint(Savepoint savepoint) throws SQLException {

}

@Override
public Statement createStatement(int resultSetType, int resultSetConcurrency, int resultSetHoldability) throws SQLException {
return null;
}

@Override
public PreparedStatement prepareStatement(String sql, int resultSetType, int resultSetConcurrency, int resultSetHoldability) throws SQLException {
return null;
}

@Override
public CallableStatement prepareCall(String sql, int resultSetType, int resultSetConcurrency, int resultSetHoldability) throws SQLException {
return null;
}

@Override
public PreparedStatement prepareStatement(String sql, int autoGeneratedKeys) throws SQLException {
return null;
}

@Override
public PreparedStatement prepareStatement(String sql, int[] columnIndexes) throws SQLException {
return null;
}

@Override
public PreparedStatement prepareStatement(String sql, String[] columnNames) throws SQLException {
return null;
}

@Override
public Clob createClob() throws SQLException {
return null;
}

@Override
public Blob createBlob() throws SQLException {
return null;
}

@Override
public NClob createNClob() throws SQLException {
return null;
}

@Override
public SQLXML createSQLXML() throws SQLException {
return null;
}

@Override
public boolean isValid(int timeout) throws SQLException {
return false;
}

@Override
public void setClientInfo(String name, String value) throws SQLClientInfoException {

}

@Override
public void setClientInfo(Properties properties) throws SQLClientInfoException {

}

@Override
public String getClientInfo(String name) throws SQLException {
return null;
}

@Override
public Properties getClientInfo() throws SQLException {
return null;
}

public Array createArrayOf(String typeName, Object[] elements) throws SQLException {
return null;
}

public Struct createStruct(String typeName, Object[] attributes) throws SQLException {
return null;
}

public void setSchema(String schema) throws SQLException {

}

public String getSchema() throws SQLException {
return null;
}

public void abort(Executor executor) throws SQLException {

}

public void setNetworkTimeout(Executor executor, int milliseconds) throws SQLException {

}

public int getNetworkTimeout() throws SQLException {
return 0;
}

@Override
public T unwrap(Class iface) throws SQLException {
return null;
}

@Override
public boolean isWrapperFor(Class<?> iface) throws SQLException {
return false;
}
}

^一剪梅^

关注

2
点赞
踩
3

收藏

觉得还不错? 一键收藏
0
评论
数据库 connection 的本质

目前在网上看到有如下两种获取 connection 的办法：第一种：//3.创建Driver对象Driver driver = (Driver)Class.forName(driverName).newInstance();Properties info = new Properties(); //driver的connect方法中需要一个Properties型的参数info.put(“...
复制链接

扫一扫

专栏目录