好吧,为何要写这个系列的文章呢,因为最近看了一些源码,很多源控件都是自定义控件,因此有必要重新对自定义控件进行系统的学习。
知识点:自定义控件一般继承View,也可直接继承已有的控件。不管哪种情况,核心思想还是按照:onMeasure->onLayout->onDraw这个步骤来。
1.onMeasure()
布局文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="300dp"
android:layout_height="400dp">
<com.autoviewpager.widget.IndicatorView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
</LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>
@Override
protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
int withMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(widthMeasureSpec);
int heightMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(heightMeasureSpec);
int withSize = MeasureSpec.getSize(widthMeasureSpec);
int heightSize = MeasureSpec.getSize(heightMeasureSpec);
L.e("onMeasure-->withMeasureSpec:"+widthMeasureSpec+" ---withMode:"+withMode+" ---withSize:"+withSize);
}
当自定义控件设置了具体的宽高时,我们看输出结果:
onMeasure-->withMeasureSpec:-2147482748 ---withMode:-2147483648 ---withSize:900
发现:withMeayousureSpec = withMode + withSize.可以看到:
withMode = 2^31,并且withMeasureSpec为int型,占32位,所以withMode应该是withMeasureSpec的高位,而withSize为其低位上的数值。再通过MeasureSepc源码得知它是通过装载和卸载mode、size元组于int数中来简化对象的分配。也就是说MeasureSpec是由高两位size+低30位mode组成的32位int数来表示。
withMode有三种:
private static final int MODE_SHIFT = 30;
/**
* Measure specification mode: The parent has not imposed any constraint
* on the child. It can be whatever size it wants.
*/
public static final int UNSPECIFIED = 0 << MODE_SHIFT;
/**
* Measure specification mode: The parent has determined an exact size
* for the child. The child is going to be given those bounds regardless
* of how big it wants to be.
*/
public static final int EXACTLY = 1 << MODE_SHIFT;
/**
* Measure specification mode: The child can be as large as it wants up
* to the specified size.
*/
public static final int AT_MOST = 2 << MODE_SHIFT;
可以看出,三种mode分别为00、01、10左移30位得到,因此,上面打印得到的mode=-2147483648对应这里的ModeSpec.AT_MOST;而size则对应的是自定义控件父布局的宽。
然后,我们将布局文件修改一下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="300dp"
android:layout_height="400dp">
<com.autoviewpager.widget.IndicatorView
android:layout_width="200dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
</LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>
输出结果为:onMeasure-->withMeasureSpec:1073742424 ---withMode:1073741824 ---withSize:600
这时,withMode = 2^30 = SpecMode.EXACTLY;withsize对应其本身的宽。
接下来,我们将布局文件再改一下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content">
<com.autoviewpager.widget.IndicatorView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
</LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>
打印结果:onMeasure-->withMeasureSpec:-2147482568 ---withMode:-2147483648 ---withSize:1080
这时:mode = 2^31 = MeasureSpec.AT_MOST ;size则为手机宽的尺寸。
其他更改布局就补贴出来了,通过更改布局打印结果,我们基本可以得出以下结论:
这里我们假定自定义控件为customView,其父窗体为PcustomView.那么:
-
当PcustomView.Mode = MeasureSpec.EXACTLY时:
a.如果customView设置with 为具体的值,那么customView.Mode = MeasureSpec.EXACTLY, customView.size = 它设置的具体值;
b.如果customView设置with为wrap_content,那么customView.Mode = MeasureSpec.AT_MOST,customView.size =父窗体所提供的大小;
c.如果customView设置为match_parent,那么customView.Mode = MeasureSpec.EXACTLY,customView.size = 父窗体提供的大小 -
当PcustomView.Mode = MeasureSpec.AT_MOST时:
a.如果customView设置with 为具体的值,那么customView.Mode = MeasureSpec.EXACTLY, customView.size = 它设置的具体值;
b.如果customView设置with为wrap_content,那么customView.Mode = MeasureSpec.AT_MOST,customView.size =父窗体所提供的大小;
c.如果customView设置为match_parent,那么customView.Mode = MeasureSpec.EXACTLY,customView.size = 父窗体提供的大小. -
当PcustomView.Mode = MeasureSpec. UNSPECIFIED时:
a.如果customView设置with 为具体的值,那么customView.Mode = MeasureSpec.EXACTLY, customView.size = 它设置的具体值;
b.如果customView设置with为wrap_content,那么customView.Mode = MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED,customView.size =0;
c.如果customView设置为match_parent,那么customView.Mode = MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED,customView.size = 0.
有了以上结论,我们就知道如何在onMeasure方法中设置自己想要的尺寸了,记得确定尺寸后要调用` setMeasuredDimension(int measuredWidth, int measuredHeight)方法。这个方法是将确定的长宽值设置到画布中。