相机和相册的调用

1.申请权限  2.获取路径 3.显示效果

layout

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context="com.example.xun.cemaro.MainActivity">


    <Button
        android:id="@+id/anniu"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginTop="28dp"
        android:text="Button"
        app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="407dp"
        android:orientation="vertical"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/anniu">

        <ImageView
            android:id="@+id/imageView"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
            app:srcCompat="@drawable/ic_launcher_background" />
    </LinearLayout>

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button1"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginEnd="32dp"
        android:layout_marginLeft="28dp"
        android:layout_marginTop="28dp"
        android:text="Button"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toStartOf="@+id/anniu"
        app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />
</android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout>

相机调用

getExternalCacheDir()方法可以得到这个目录，具体的路径是/sdcard/Android/data/<package name>/cache,startActivityForResult()来启动活动的，因此拍完照后会有结果返回到onActivityResult()方法中。如果发现拍照成功，就可以调用BitmapFactory的decodeStream()方法将output_image.jpg这张照片解析成Bitmap对象，然后把它设置到ImageView中显示出来。

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    public static final int TAKE_PHOTO = 1;

    private ImageView picture;

    private Uri imageUri;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        Button takePhoto = (Button) findViewById(R.id.take_photo);
        picture = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.picture);
        takePhoto.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                // 创建File对象，用于存储拍照后的图片
                File outputImage = new File(getExternalCacheDir(),
                    "output_image.jpg");//在默认的路径下展示缓存，名为"output_image.jpg"的图片，可被替换

                try {

if (outputImage.exists()) { outputImage.delete(); } outputImage.createNewFile(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 24) { imageUri = FileProvider.getUriForFile(MainActivity.this, "com.example.cameraalbumtest.fileprovider", outputImage); } else { imageUri = Uri.fromFile(outputImage); }将获取File图片的真实路径 // 启动相机程序 Intent intent = new Intent("android.media.action.IMAGE_CAPTURE"); intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, imageUri); startActivityForResult(intent, TAKE_PHOTO); } }); } @Override protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) { switch (requestCode) { case TAKE_PHOTO: if (resultCode == RESULT_OK) { try { // 将拍摄的照片显示出来 Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(getContent- Resolver().openInputStream(imageUri)); picture.setImageBitmap(bitmap); } catch (FileNotFoundException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } break; default: break; } }}

申请权限

其中，android:name属性的值是固定的，android:authorities属性的值必须要和刚才FileProvider.getUriForFile()方法中的第二个参数一致。另外，这里还在<provider>标签的内部使用<meta-data>来指定Uri的共享路径，并引用了一个@xml/file_paths资源。当然，这个资源现在还是不存在的，下面我们就来创建它。提供器是为了满足sdk>=24时获取文件路径的功能，path为共享路径

<provider
            android:name="android.support.v4.content.FileProvider"
            android:authorities="com.example.cameraalbumtest.fileprovider"
            android:exported="false"
            android:grantUriPermissions="true">
            <meta-data
                android:name="android.support.FILE_PROVIDER_PATHS"
                android:resource="@xml/file_path" />
        </provider>

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<paths xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<external-path
    name="my_images"
    path="/sdcard/Android/data/cache"></external-path>
</paths>

调用相册

调用相册为危险权限需要申请

protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        Button takePhoto = (Button) findViewById(R.id.take_photo);
        Button chooseFromAlbum = (Button) findViewById(R.id.choose_from_album);
        ...
        chooseFromAlbum.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(MainActivity.this,
                    Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE) != PackageManager.
                       PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                    ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(MainActivity.this, new
                       String[]{ Manifest.permission. WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE }, 1);
                } else {
                    openAlbum();
                }
            }
        });
    }

@Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, String[] permissions,
        int[] grantResults) {
        switch (requestCode) {
            case 1:
                if (grantResults.length > 0 && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.
                    PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                    openAlbum();
                } else {
                    Toast.makeText(this, "You denied the permission",
                       Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                }
                break;
            default:
        }
    }

private void openAlbum() {
        Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.GET_CONTENT");
        intent.setType("image/*");
        startActivityForResult(intent, CHOOSE_PHOTO); // 打开相册
    }

获取路径，显示

imagepath方法是为了满足sdk>=19的获取图片路径的方法

@Override
    protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
        switch (requestCode) {
            ...
            case CHOOSE_PHOTO:
                if (resultCode == RESULT_OK) {
                    // 判断手机系统版本号
                    if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 19) {
                        // 4.4及以上系统使用这个方法处理图片
                        handleImageOnKitKat(data);
                    } else {
                        // 4.4以下系统使用这个方法处理图片
                        handleImageBeforeKitKat(data);
                    }
                }
                break;
            default:
                break;
        }
    }

    @TargetApi(19)
    private void handleImageOnKitKat(Intent data) {
        String imagePath = null;
        Uri uri = data.getData();
        if (DocumentsContract.isDocumentUri(this, uri)) {
            // 如果是document类型的Uri，则通过document id处理
            String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
            if("com.android.providers.media.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority())) {
                String id = docId.split(":")[1]; // 解析出数字格式的id
                String selection = MediaStore.Images.Media._ID + "=" + id;
                imagePath = getImagePath(MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_
                   CONTENT_URI, selection);
            } else if ("com.android.providers.downloads.documents".equals(uri.
                getAuthority())) {
                Uri contentUri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(Uri.parse("content:
                   //downloads/public_downloads"), Long.valueOf(docId));
                imagePath = getImagePath(contentUri, null);
            }
        } else if ("content".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {
            // 如果是content类型的Uri，则使用普通方式处理
            imagePath = getImagePath(uri, null);
        } else if ("file".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {
            // 如果是file类型的Uri，直接获取图片路径即可
            imagePath = uri.getPath();
        }
        displayImage(imagePath); // 根据图片路径显示图片
    }

    private void handleImageBeforeKitKat(Intent data) {
        Uri uri = data.getData();
        String imagePath = getImagePath(uri, null);
        displayImage(imagePath);
    }

    private String getImagePath(Uri uri, String selection) {
        String path = null;
        // 通过Uri和selection来获取真实的图片路径
        Cursor cursor = getContentResolver().query(uri, null, selection, null, null);
        if (cursor != null) {
            if (cursor.moveToFirst()) {
                path = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(MediaStore.
                    Images.Media.DATA));
            }
            cursor.close();
        }
        return path;
    }

    private void displayImage(String imagePath) {
        if (imagePath != null) {
            Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeFile(imagePath);
            picture.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
        } else {
            Toast.makeText(this, "failed to get image", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    }

}