使用Python批量下载IGS测站GNSS原始观测数据，并转换为.rnx格式

使用Python批量下载IGS测站GNSS原始观测数据，并转换为.rnx格式

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前言

随着全球PPP-AR/PPP-RTK技术的日渐成熟，扩大了大规模使用IGS测站数据的需求，因此有必要开发一种可以直接批量获取IGS原始观测文件的工具

一、IGS测站网络

1. IGS Network
   可以通过访问IGS官网的“NETWORK RESOURCES”板块查看测站分布及数量（https://igs.org/network-resources），截至2023年08月28日，共有513个IGS测站。
2. 常用的IGS测站原始观测数据下载地址：
   1）武汉大学：ftp://igs.gnsswhu.cn/pub/gps/data/daily/
   2）CDDIS：https://cddis.nasa.gov/archive/gnss/data/daily/ （需要注册账户）
   3）IGS： ftp://igs.ign.fr/pub/igs/data/campaign/mgex/daily/
   更多下载地址可见：
   1）https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/619226024?utm_id=0
   2）https://blog.csdn.net/qq_35099602/article/details/108183367

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二、批量获取IGS测站原始观测数据代码

1.文件准备

根据需要的测站名，构建批量下载文件列表，如下图所示：

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2. crx2rnx.exe准备

准备crx2rnx.exe，便于将下载得到的.crx.gz文件解压后转换为.rnx格式的观测文件。注意：crx2rnx.exe可放置于与.py文件同级目录下（无需再改下面的代码），也可能通过指定路径访问（见第三部分"convert_to_rnx"函数注释）。

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3. 源代码

代码如下（示例）：

from ftplib import FTP
from datetime import datetime
import os
import subprocess
import shutil
import gzip
def write_to_log(message, log_file):
        log_file.write(message + "\n")

def extract_file(input_file_path):#解压并提取文件
    try:
        # 解压 .gz 文件
        output_file_path = input_file_path[:-3]  # 移除 .gz 扩展名
        with gzip.open(input_file_path, "rb") as gz_file, open(output_file_path, "wb") as output_file:
            shutil.copyfileobj(gz_file, output_file)
        return output_file_path
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"Error during extraction: {str(e)}")
        return None

def rename_file_to_xxd(input_file_path,year):#重命名文件
    try:
        new_file_path = input_file_path[:-4]
        new_file_path = new_file_path+"." + year+"d"
        os.rename(input_file_path, new_file_path)
        return new_file_path
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"Error during renaming: {str(e)}")
        return None

def convert_to_rnx(input_file_path):#转换为.rnx格式文件
    try:
        subprocess.run(["crx2rnx.exe", input_file_path])#可以更改.exe的路径
        return True
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"Error during conversion: {str(e)}")
        return False


def download_file_from_ftp(ftp_host, remote_file_path, local_file_path):#通过访问ftp下载文件
    with FTP(ftp_host) as ftp:
        ftp.login()
        try:
            with open(local_file_path, "wb") as local_file:
                ftp.retrbinary("RETR " + remote_file_path, local_file.write)
            #write_to_log(f"Downloaded {remote_file_path} successfully.",log_file)
            return True
        except Exception as e:
            #write_to_log(f"Downloaded {remote_file_path} failed.",log_file)
            return False

def download_files_from_list(ftp_host, file_list_path, output_folder,log_file):#根据文件列表下载文件

    with open(file_list_path, "r") as file_list:
        logfile=open(log_file, "w")
        for line in file_list:
            file_name = line.strip()
            year=file_name[12:16];
            doy=file_name[16:19];

            remote_file_path = f"/pub/gps/data/daily/{year}/{doy}/{year[2:4]}d/{file_name}"  # 替换为实际的远程目录和文件名
            local_file_path = os.path.join(output_folder, file_name)
            success = download_file_from_ftp(ftp_host, remote_file_path, local_file_path)
            timestamp = datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")  # 获取当前时间戳
            if success:
                write_to_log(f"{timestamp} Downloaded {remote_file_path} successfully.",logfile)
                extracted_file_path = extract_file(local_file_path)
                if extracted_file_path:
                    write_to_log(f"Processed {file_name} successfully.",logfile)
                    renamed_file_path = rename_file_to_xxd(extracted_file_path,year[2:4])
                    if renamed_file_path:
                        write_to_log(f"Renamed {extracted_file_path} to {renamed_file_path}.",logfile)
                        if convert_to_rnx(renamed_file_path):
                            write_to_log(f"Converted {renamed_file_path} to RINEX format.",logfile)
                        else:
                            write_to_log(f"Conversion of {renamed_file_path} failed.",logfile)
                    else:
                        write_to_log(f"Renaming of {extracted_file_path} failed.",logfile)
                else:
                    write_to_log(f"Processing of {file_name} failed.",logfile)
            else:
                write_to_log(f"{timestamp} Downloaded {remote_file_path} failed.",log_file)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    ftp_host = "igs.gnsswhu.cn"  # 替换为实际的FTP主机名或IP地址
    file_list_path = "C:/Users/DELL/Desktop/data/file.txt"  # 替换为实际的文件名列表文本文件路径
    output_folder = "C:/Users/DELL/Desktop/data/"  # 替换为实际的本地保存文件夹路径
    log_file = "C:/Users/DELL/Desktop/data/download_log.txt"
    download_files_from_list(ftp_host, file_list_path, output_folder,log_file)

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4. 结果

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总结

以上就是一个简单的、可直接运行的IGS测站观测数据批量下载小工具，欢迎交流讨论！