matinal：SAP ABAP 写一个能导出导出表结构并保存到Excel的功能

公众号：matinal

    场景1：当顾问接手一个运维项目，或者入职甲方，快速熟悉系统的途径之一就是准确的数据字典；

    场景2：实施项目交付时需要提交数据字典作为交付物给甲方IT部门，用于项目资产存储；

    场景3：开发人员编程代码时，有数据字典，不需要再到系统中逐一查询。

 

因为SAP中值列表的结构和字段类型不同，还有多级码表，暂时没有精力导出想要的形式，做了半成品

代码如下：

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Report Z_MATINAL
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*&  用于获取SAP中的表结构数据字典和码表
*& 公众号：matinal
*& 本程序更新内容如下：
*& 1）更新为多张表同时下载；
*& 2）更新下载码表的功能
*& 3）添加导出数据字典的内容：域，检查表，是否有选项值
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
REPORT Z_MATINAL NO STANDARD PAGE HEADING
                 MESSAGE-ID y2
                 LINE-SIZE  200
                 LINE-COUNT 65 .

TABLES: dfies, x030l,rlgrap,  dd03l.

DATA: BEGIN OF itab OCCURS 0.
        INCLUDE STRUCTURE dfies.
      DATA: END OF itab.

*文件保存路径
DATA: g_file LIKE rlgrap-filename.

*数据库字段结构表
DATA:BEGIN OF itab1 OCCURS 0,
       tablename    LIKE dd03l-tabname, "表名
       tabtext(25)  TYPE c, "表描述
       fieldname    LIKE dfies-fieldname,  "字段名
       keyflag(4),       "KEY
       rollname(12),     "数据元素
       datatype(8),      "数据类型
       leng(6),          "长度
       decimals(6),      "小数位
       fieldtext    LIKE dfies-fieldtext,   "字段简短描述
       domname      LIKE dfies-domname,
       checktable   LIKE dfies-checktable,
       f4availabl   LIKE dfies-f4availabl,
     END OF itab1.

DATA:BEGIN OF itab2 OCCURS 0,
       tablename    LIKE dd03l-tabname, "表名
       fieldname    LIKE dfies-fieldname,  "字段名
       rollname(12),
       f4availabl   LIKE dfies-f4availabl,
     END OF itab2.

DATA:BEGIN OF gt_domain OCCURS 0,
       fieldname(30)  TYPE c,
       shvalue_d(132) TYPE c,
     END OF gt_domain .

DATA:gt_table TYPE TABLE OF dd03l WITH HEADER LINE.
*定义屏幕
SELECTION-SCREEN BEGIN OF BLOCK blk1 WITH FRAME TITLE TEXT-001.
SELECT-OPTIONS:table FOR dd03l-tabname DEFAULT 'HRP1000',        "默认表名
           field    FOR dd03l-fieldname.                 "字段名
PARAMETERS: p_dnfile LIKE rlgrap-filename DEFAULT 'E:'.   "默认存放地址
PARAMETERS: c_op AS CHECKBOX.
SELECTION-SCREEN END OF BLOCK blk1.

START-OF-SELECTION.
  PERFORM read_data."从表中读取数据

END-OF-SELECTION.
  PERFORM write_data."输出数据


*--从表中读取数据----------------------------------------
FORM read_data .
  DATA:lv_table TYPE ddobjname,
       lv_field TYPE dfies-fieldname.
  TYPES: BEGIN OF ty_tabname,
           tabname TYPE dd03l-tabname,
         END OF ty_tabname.

  DATA:lt_t777t TYPE TABLE OF t777t WITH HEADER LINE.
  DATA:lt_t582s TYPE TABLE OF t582s WITH HEADER LINE.
  DATA:lt_tabname TYPE TABLE OF ty_tabname WITH HEADER LINE.
  DATA:lv_itext  TYPE text25.
*用于检索帮助
  DATA: l_shlp    TYPE shlp_descr_t,
        l_retval  LIKE ddshretval OCCURS 0 WITH HEADER LINE,
        lt_retval LIKE  ddshretval OCCURS 0 WITH HEADER LINE.


  SELECT * INTO  TABLE gt_table[] FROM dd03l WHERE
      tabname IN table.

  SELECT * INTO TABLE lt_t777t[] FROM t777t WHERE
    langu = sy-langu.
  SELECT * INTO TABLE lt_t582s[] FROM t582s
    WHERE sprsl = sy-langu.
*    LOOP AT gt_table.
*      MOVE-CORRESPONDING gt_table TO LT_TABNAME.
*      APPEND LT_TABNAME.
*      ENDLOOP.
*    SORT LT_TABNAME.
  SORT gt_table[].
  DELETE ADJACENT DUPLICATES FROM gt_table[] COMPARING tabname.
*****CALL FUNCTION*****
  LOOP AT gt_table.
    CLEAR lv_table.
    REFRESH itab.
    MOVE gt_table-tabname TO lv_table.
    itab1-tablename = '表名'.
    itab1-tabtext = '表描述'.
    itab1-fieldname = '字段'.  "Fieldname
    itab1-keyflag = '主键'.    "KEY
    itab1-rollname = '数据元素'.   "Data Element
    itab1-datatype = '数据类型'.   "Data Type
    itab1-leng = '长度'.       "Length
    itab1-decimals = '小数位'.  "Decimal Place
    itab1-fieldtext = '短文本'.  "Short Description
    itab1-domname   = '域名'.
    itab1-checktable = '检查表'.
    itab1-f4availabl = '是否有值列表'.

    APPEND itab1.
    CLEAR itab1.


    CALL FUNCTION 'DDIF_FIELDINFO_GET'
      EXPORTING
        tabname        = lv_table  "自己输的表名
        fieldname      = lv_field  "字段
        langu          = sy-langu "语言码
      TABLES
        dfies_tab      = itab " like table dfies.
      EXCEPTIONS
        not_found      = 1
        internal_error = 2
        OTHERS         = 3.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0.
*    MESSAGE ID sy-msgid TYPE sy-msgty NUMBER sy-msgno
*           WITH sy-msgv1 sy-msgv2 sy-msgv3 sy-msgv4.
    ENDIF.
    IF lv_table+0(3) = 'HRP'.
      CLEAR: lt_t777t,lv_itext.
      READ TABLE lt_t777t WITH KEY infty =  lv_table+3(4)   .
      IF sy-subrc = 0.
        MOVE lt_t777t-itext TO lv_itext.
      ENDIF.
    ELSEIF lv_table+0(2) = 'PA'.
      CLEAR: lt_t582s ,lv_itext.
      READ TABLE lt_t582s WITH KEY infty =  lv_table+2(4).
      MOVE lt_t582s-itext TO lv_itext.
    ENDIF.
    LOOP AT itab.
      itab1-tablename = lv_table.
      itab2-tablename = lv_table.
      itab1-tabtext    = lv_itext.
      itab1-fieldname = itab-fieldname.
      itab2-fieldname = itab-fieldname.
      itab1-keyflag = itab-keyflag.
      itab1-rollname = itab-rollname.
      itab2-rollname = itab-rollname.
      itab1-datatype = itab-datatype.
      itab1-leng = itab-leng.
      itab1-decimals = itab-decimals.
      itab1-fieldtext = itab-fieldtext.
      itab1-domname   = itab-domname.
      itab1-checktable = itab-checktable.
"
      APPEND itab1.
      CLEAR itab1.
      APPEND itab2.
      CLEAR itab2.
    ENDLOOP.
  ENDLOOP.

  IF c_op = 'X'.
    SORT itab2[] BY rollname.
    DELETE ADJACENT DUPLICATES FROM itab2[] COMPARING rollname.

    lt_retval-shlpname = '搜索帮助的名称 '.
    lt_retval-fieldname = '字段名 '.
*    lt_retval-recordpos = '所选记录数'.
    lt_retval-fieldval = '字段内容'.
    lt_retval-retfield =  '字段名 '.
    APPEND lt_retval.

    LOOP AT itab2 WHERE f4availabl EQ 'X'.
      REFRESH l_retval.
      CLEAR l_shlp.
      CALL FUNCTION 'F4IF_DETERMINE_SEARCHHELP'
        EXPORTING
          tabname   = itab2-tablename
          fieldname = itab2-fieldname
        IMPORTING
          shlp      = l_shlp
        EXCEPTIONS
          OTHERS    = 0.
      CALL FUNCTION 'F4IF_SELECT_VALUES'
        EXPORTING
          shlp       = l_shlp
*         MAXROWS    = 0
*         SORT       = ' '
*         CALL_SHLP_EXIT         = ' '
* IMPORTING
*         MAXROWS_EXCEEDED       =
        TABLES
*         RECORD_TAB =
*         RECDESCR_TAB           =
          return_tab = l_retval.
      LOOP AT l_retval.
        APPEND l_retval TO lt_retval.
      ENDLOOP.
    ENDLOOP.
    SORT lt_retval.
  ENDIF.


*将内表数据下载到本地，类型为Excel
  IF c_op = 'X'."下载码表

* LOOP AT lt_retval.
*   BREAK-POINT.
*   ENDLOOP.

    CONCATENATE p_dnfile '码表_' sy-uzeit '.TXT' INTO g_file.
    CALL FUNCTION 'WS_DOWNLOAD'
      EXPORTING
        filename = g_file
        filetype = 'DAT'
      TABLES
        data_tab = lt_retval.  "被下载的内表
  ELSE.

    CONCATENATE p_dnfile '数据字典_' sy-uzeit '.xls' INTO g_file.
    CALL FUNCTION 'WS_DOWNLOAD'
      EXPORTING
        filename = g_file
        filetype = 'DAT'
      TABLES
        data_tab = itab1.  "被下载的内表

  ENDIF.
ENDFORM.


*--输出数据----------------------------------------
FORM write_data .
  LOOP AT itab1.
    WRITE:/ itab1-fieldname,  "Fieldname
            itab1-keyflag,    "KEY
            itab1-rollname,   "Data Element
            itab1-datatype,   "Data Type
            itab1-leng,       "Length
            itab1-decimals,   "Decimal Place
            itab1-fieldtext.  "Short Description
  ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.                    " write_data