NETWORK[网络配置]
网络模式有两种 动态:DHCP 静态:none/static
[kiosk@foundation12Desktop]$
vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
以eth0这块网卡为例:
DHCP 模式要编辑的基本内容为:
DEVICE=eth0 【设备名称】
BOOTPROTO=DHCP 【设备的工作模式】
ONBOOT=yes 【网卡开机激活】
none/static 模式要编辑的内容为:
DEVICE=eth0 【设备名称】
BOOTPROTO=none 【设备的工作模式】
ONBOOT=yes 【网卡开机激活】
IPADDR=172.25.254.112
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
GATEWAY=172.25.254.254
DNS1=172.25.254.254
@DNS可以写三个但是优先级依次是DNS1,DNS2,DNS3
nmcli connection delete eth0 删除eth0设备
nm-connection-editor 打开网络图形编辑
网卡文件配置好之后记得重启服务
systemctl restart networ.server
DNS 【Domine Name server域名服务器】
vim /etc/resolv.conf 【dns域名解析配置文件】
# Generated by NetworkManager
search class.example.com huluwa.example.com
nameserver 172.25.254.250
@当你在ping class.example.com 和 huluwa.example.com的时候系统会自动ping172.25.254.250
@search后面只能跟一行内容,也就是不能再写一行
vim /etc/hosts 【本地域名解析配置文件】
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
172.25.254.254 wahaha.example.com
172.25.254.254 beyond.example.com
@当你在ping wahaha.example.com 和 beyond.example.com的时候系统会自动ping172.25.254.254
@当本地域名解析和dns域名解析有冲突的时候默认是以本地解析优先
vim /etc/nsswitch.conf 【修改dns和本地域名解析的优先级】
39 hosts: files dns
文件里面的39行,哪个在前面写哪个的优先级高,域名解析的优先级就高
网络管理
1 .一些常用命令
(1)[root@foundation1 ~]# cat /etc/services 里面记录了服务和端口号的对应
(2)[root@foundation1 ~]# ifconfig br0 指定查看哪个网络设备
br0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 172.25.254.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 172.25.254.255
inet6 fe80::21a:6bff:fed0:ea1a prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 00:1a:6b:d0:ea:1a txqueuelen 0 (Ethernet)
RX packets 218586 bytes 419999006 (400.5 MiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 116004 bytes 31400342 (29.9 MiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
(3)[root@foundation1 ~]# ip addr show
(4)[root@foundation1 ~]# ip route show
(5)[root@foundation1 ~]# route -n
(6)[root@foundation1 ~]# traceroute www.baidu.com
(7)[root@foundation1 ~]# netstat -antple
2 管理网卡
(1)nm-connection-editor图形管理网络
(2)[root@foundation1 ~]# nmcli device status 查看有哪些网络设备以及这些设备的状态
[root@foundation1 ~]# nmcli device status
DEVICE TYPE STATE CONNECTION
br0 bridge connected Bridge enp0s25
enp0s25 ethernet connected System enp0s25
vnet0 tap connected vnet0
virbr0 bridge connecting (getting IP configuration) virbr0
virbr1 bridge connecting (getting IP configuration) virbr1
lo loopback unmanaged --
(3)[root@foundation1 ~]# nmcli connection show 查看已经连接的网络设备,比上一条命令少了virbr1
NAME UUID TYPE DEVICE
virbr0 41ea01e1-2340-4678-a92c-3ab026cd0a57 bridge virbr0
Bridge enp0s25 d2d68553-f97e-7549-7a26-b34a26f29318 bridge br0
System enp0s25 37edd105-d15a-4d0b-9985-f1ff2cde1dda 802-3-ethernet enp0s25
vnet0 d757e3ca-c14e-43a3-b7b2-7ecd02ccfe76 generic vnet0
virbr1 2aae2c43-0514-4a01-8140-0f1d4a448841 bridge
(4)[root@foundation1 ~]# nmcli connection down "d757e3ca-c14e-43a3-b7b2-7ecd02ccfe76"
把指定的UUID的设备关掉。 通过下面的命令结果可以看出改设备已经没有被连接了
[root@foundation1 ~]# nmcli device status
DEVICE TYPE STATE CONNECTION
br0 bridge connected Bridge enp0s25
enp0s25 ethernet connected System enp0s25
virbr0 bridge connecting (getting IP configuration) virbr0
virbr1 bridge connecting (getting IP configuration) virbr1
lo loopback unmanaged --
vnet0 tap unmanaged --
开启该改设备的话:
[root@foundation1~]#nmcli connection up "d757e3ca-c14e-43a3-b7b2-7ecd02ccfe76"