安装启动MySQL
可以在root用户下用yum直接安装,我的yum源好像已经在阿里云了。
yum install mysql
yum install mysql-server
yum install mysql-devel
安装好了之后能看到MySQL的版本:
[root@hostlzh /]# mysqladmin --version
mysqladmin Ver 8.42 Distrib 5.1.73, for redhat-linux-gnu on i386
启动MySQL服务:
service mysqld start
使用方式
直接使用mysql命令可以在MySQL客户端连接到MySQL服务器上,默认密码为空。
[root@hostlzh /]# mysql
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.1.73 Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
在这个回显界面可以直接执行SQL命令:
mysql> SHOW DATABASES;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| test |
+--------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
和python的交互式环境一样Ctrl+D
可以退出。
设置密码
设置密码后,就不能直接用mysql命令登录了:
[root@hostlzh /]# mysqladmin -u root password "新密码需在双引号内"
[root@hostlzh /]# mysql
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO)
[root@hostlzh /]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor....
启动和关闭MySQL服务器
用ps命令查看进程就知道MySQL目前有没有开启了:
[root@hostlzh /]# ps -ef | grep mysqld
root 3593 1 0 18:45 pts/0 00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid --basedir=/usr --user=mysql
mysql 3695 3593 0 18:45 pts/0 00:00:00 /usr/libexec/mysqld --basedir=/usr --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --user=mysql --log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid --socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
root 3750 3294 0 18:56 pts/0 00:00:00 grep mysqld
像这样出现了MySQL进程列表,说明MySQL已经启动了。
启动和关闭MySQL需要的两个命令脚本在/usr/bin/
下:
[root@hostlzh /]# which mysqld_safe
/usr/bin/mysqld_safe
[root@hostlzh /]# which mysqladmin
/usr/bin/mysqladmin
我这个恰好都放到环境变量里了可以直接用,如果不能直接用就到目录下去用吧…菜鸟教程上的就是跑到目录下去用了。
现在MySQL服务器是开启的,先尝试把它关闭:
[root@hostlzh /]# mysqladmin -u root -p shutdown
Enter password:
关闭了之后,可以看到用ps命令只能找到这条ps命令管道过去的grep命令了:
[root@hostlzh /]# ps -ef | grep mysqld
root 3789 3294 0 19:02 pts/0 00:00:00 grep mysqld
而且不能连接到MySQL服务器了:
[root@hostlzh /]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock' (2)
现在再把MySQL服务器开启,用&
把它放到后台:
[root@hostlzh /]# mysqld_safe &
[1] 3797
[root@hostlzh /]# 180207 19:05:53 mysqld_safe Logging to '/var/log/mysqld.log'.
180207 19:05:53 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /var/lib/mysql
后面这个命令是自己弹出来的,不是我敲的,它不带&
,一直占用bash,按回车就可以了。
现在又能看到MySQL进程列表了:
[root@hostlzh /]# ps -ef | grep mysqld
root 3797 3294 0 19:05 pts/0 00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/bin/mysqld_safe
mysql 3878 3797 0 19:05 pts/0 00:00:00 /usr/libexec/mysqld --basedir=/usr --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --user=mysql --log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid --socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
root 3893 3294 0 19:07 pts/0 00:00:00 grep mysqld
登录一下:
[root@hostlzh /]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor....
没问题。