leetcode_59 Rotate Image

题目：

You are given an n x n 2D matrix representing an image.

Rotate the image by 90 degrees (clockwise).

Note:

You have to rotate the image in-place, which means you have to modify the input 2D matrix directly. DO NOT allocate another 2D matrix and do the rotation.

Example 1:

Given input matrix = 
[
  [1,2,3],
  [4,5,6],
  [7,8,9]
],

rotate the input matrix in-place such that it becomes:
[
  [7,4,1],
  [8,5,2],
  [9,6,3]
]

Example 2:

Given input matrix =
[
  [ 5, 1, 9,11],
  [ 2, 4, 8,10],
  [13, 3, 6, 7],
  [15,14,12,16]
], 

rotate the input matrix in-place such that it becomes:
[
  [15,13, 2, 5],
  [14, 3, 4, 1],
  [12, 6, 8, 9],
  [16, 7,10,11]
]

方法一：申请图像大小空间使得 matrix[i][j] = matrix[ n - 1 - j][i]

               题中规定要在图形上旋转，不得申请另外2D空间

方法二：将图像水平翻转； 再将水平翻转的图像沿 i = j 翻转

代码如下：

class Solution {
public:
    void rotate(vector<vector<int>>& matrix) {
        int n = matrix.size();
        int m = matrix[0].size();
        if(m != n || n < 2) return;
        for(int i = 0; i < n / 2 ; i++)
        {
            for(int j = 0; j < n; j++)
            {
                int idx = n - 1 - i;
                int temp = matrix[i][j];
                matrix[i][j] = matrix[idx][j];
                matrix[idx][j] = temp;
            }
        }
        for(int i = 0; i < n; i++)
        {
            for(int j = i + 1; j < n; j++)
            {
                int temp = matrix[i][j];
                matrix[i][j] = matrix[j][i];
                matrix[j][i] = temp;
            }
        }
    }
};