2016年东莞市信息特长生考试

最新推荐文章于 2021-04-17 17:36:03 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2021-04-17 17:36:03 发布

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分类专栏： DP 最短路特长生考试文章标签：特长生考试

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/SSL_wujiajie/article/details/115188019

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本文介绍了2016年东莞市信息特长生考试中的几道典型算法题目，包括字数整数计算、游戏问题求解以及字符串距离计算等。通过题目解析，展示了如何运用模拟、快速幂和动态规划等算法思路解决问题。同时，文章还讨论了灾后重建问题的最短路径算法，如SPFA和Floyd算法的应用。这些实例有助于初学者理解算法竞赛的解题策略。

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2016年东莞市信息特长生考试

T1·字数整数

Description

Input

Output

Sample Input

Sample Output

Hint

Train of Thought

模拟

#include<algorithm>
#include<iostream>
#include<cstring>
#include<cstdio>
using namespace std;

int n, f;

int main()
{
	scanf("%d", &n);
	f = 1;
	for(int i = 10000; i <= 30000; i++)
	{
		int a = i % 1000;
		int b = (i % 10000) / 10;
		int c = i / 100;
		if(!(a % n) && !(b % n) && !(c % n))
		{
			printf("%d\n", i);
			f = 0;
		}
	}
	if(f)printf("No");
	return 0;
}

T2·游戏问题

Description

Input

Output

Sample Input

10 3 4 5

Sample Output

Hint

Train of Thought

就快速幂一下然后模n

#include<algorithm>
#include<iostream>
#include<cstring>
#include<cstdio>
#include<cmath>
#define ll long long
using namespace std;

ll n, m, k, x;

#define ll long long
ll power(ll a, ll b)
{
	ll Ans = 1;
	a %= n;
	while(b)
	{
		if(b & 1)Ans = Ans * a % n; 
		a = a * a % n;
		b >>= 1;
	}
	return Ans;
}

int main()
{
	scanf("%lld%lld%lld%lld", &n, &m, &k, &x);
	printf("%lld", (power(10, k) * m + x) % n);
	return 0;
}

T3·字串距离

Description

Input

Output

Sample Input

cmc
snmn
2

Sample Output

Train of Thought

DP
$F [i] [j]$ 表示第一个字符串配对到第i位，第二个字符串配对到第j位的距离
$min(\ F[i - 1][j] + k,\ \ F[i][j-1]+k,\ \ F[i-1][j-1] +abs(s1[i] - s2[j]))$

#include<algorithm>
#include<iostream>
#include<cstring>
#include<cstdio>
#include<cmath>
using namespace std;

int F[2005][2005]; 
int len1, len2, m, Ans;
string s1, s2;


int main()
{
	getline(cin, s1);
	len1 = s1.length(), s1 = ' ' + s1;
	getline(cin, s2);
	len2 = s2.length(), s2 = ' ' + s2;
	scanf("%d", &m);
	memset(F, 0x7f, sizeof(F));
	for(int i = 1; i <= len1; ++i)
		F[i][0] = m * i;
	for(int i = 1; i <= len2; ++i)
		F[0][i] = m * i;
	F[0][0] = 0;
	for(int i = 1; i <= len1; ++i)
		for(int j = 1; j <= len2; ++j)
		{
			F[i][j] = min(F[i - 1][j] + m, F[i][ j - 1] + m);
			F[i][j] = min(F[i][j], F[i - 1][j - 1] + abs(s1[i] - s2[j]));
		}
	printf("%d", F[len1][len2]);
}

T4·灾后重建

background

Description

在这里插入图片描述

Input

Output

Sample Input

Sample Output

-1
-1
5
4

Hint

Train of Thought

一开始看题，觉得数据不是很大
就直接暴力SPFA，结果只有20分[阿巴阿巴阿巴]
正解就Floyed
因为输入时间都是升序输入的
所以直接稍微处理一下就ok了

#include<algorithm>
#include<iostream>
#include<cstring>
#include<cstdio>
#include<queue>
#define ll long long
using namespace std;

ll h[100250], Time[100250], F[550][550];
ll INF, n, m, x, y, z, ques, k;

ll read()
{
	ll l = 0, r = 1;char c = getchar();
	while((c < '0' || c > '9') && c != '-')c = getchar();
	if(c == '-')r = -1, c = getchar();
	while((c >= '0' && c <= '9'))l = l * 10 + c - '0', c = getchar();
	return l * r;
}

int main()
{
	memset(F, 0x3f, sizeof(F));
	n = read(); m = read(); INF = F[0][0];
	for(ll i = 0; i < n; ++i)
		Time[i] = read(), F[i][i] = 0;
	for(ll i = 1; i <= m; ++i)
	{
		x = read(); y = read(); z = read();
		F[x][y] = F[y][x] = z;
	}
	ques = read(), k = 0;
	while(ques--)
	{
		x = read(); y = read(); z = read();
		while(Time[k] <= z && k <= n)//保证中间点的时间比z小
		{
			for(ll i = 0; i < n; ++i)
				for(ll j = 0; j < n; ++j)
					F[i][j] = min(F[i][j], F[i][k] + F[k][j]);
			k++;
		}
		if(F[x][y] == INF || Time[x] > z || Time[y] > z)printf("-1\n");//保证起点、终点、中间点都小于z
		else printf("%d\n", F[x][y]);
	}
	return 0;
}