LeetCode 110. 平衡二叉树
LeetCode 257. 二叉树的所用路径
LeetCode 404. 左叶子之和
平衡二叉树
给定一个二叉树，判断它是否是高度平衡的二叉树。
本题中，一棵高度平衡二叉树定义为：
一个二叉树每个节点 的左右两个子树的高度差的绝对值不超过 1 。
/**
* Definition for a binary tree node.
* public class TreeNode {
* int val;
* TreeNode left;
* TreeNode right;
* TreeNode() {}
* TreeNode(int val) { this.val = val; }
* TreeNode(int val, TreeNode left, TreeNode right) {
* this.val = val;
* this.left = left;
* this.right = right;
* }
* }
*/
// 求深度 前序遍历
// 求高度 后序遍历
class Solution {
public boolean isBalanced(TreeNode root) {
return getHeight(root) != -1;
}
// 1. 递归函数的参数和返回值
// 参数： 当前传入节点
// 返回值： 以当前传入节点为根节点的树的高度
// 如果当前不是二叉平衡树了，可以返回 -1 来标记已经不符合平衡树的规则了
// 2. 终止条件
// 递归的过程中依然是遇到空节点了为终止，返回0，表示当前节点为根节点的树高度为0
// 3. 单层递归的逻辑
// 分别求出其左右子树的高度，然后如果差值小于等于1，则返回当前二叉树的高度，
// 否则返回-1，表示已经不是二叉平衡树了。
public int getHeight(TreeNode root) {
if(root == null) return 0;
int leftHeight = getHeight(root.left);
if (leftHeight == -1) {return -1;}
int rightHeight = getHeight(root.right);
if (rightHeight == -1) {return -1;}
// 左右子树高度差大于1，return -1表示已经不是平衡树了
if (Math.abs(leftHeight - rightHeight) > 1) {
return -1;
}
return Math.max(leftHeight, rightHeight) + 1;
}
}
/**
* Definition for a binary tree node.
* public class TreeNode {
* int val;
* TreeNode left;
* TreeNode right;
* TreeNode() {}
* TreeNode(int val) { this.val = val; }
* TreeNode(int val, TreeNode left, TreeNode right) {
* this.val = val;
* this.left = left;
* this.right = right;
* }
* }
*/
/**
* 迭代法，效率较低，计算高度时会重复遍历
* 时间复杂度：O(n^2)
*/
class Solution {
public boolean isBalanced(TreeNode root) {
if (root == null) return true;
Stack<TreeNode> stack = new Stack<>();
TreeNode pre = null;
while (root != null || !stack.isEmpty()){
while (root != null) {
stack.push(root);
root = root.left;
}
TreeNode inNode = stack.peek();
// 右结点为null或已经遍历过
if (inNode.right == null || inNode.right == pre) {
// 比较左右子树的高度差，输出
if (Math.abs(getHeight(inNode.left) - getHeight(inNode.right)) > 1) {
return false;
}
stack.pop();
pre = inNode;
root = null;// 当前结点下，没有要遍历的结点了
} else {
root = inNode.right;// 右结点还没遍历，遍历右结点
}
}
return true;
}
/**
* 层序遍历，求结点的高度
*/
public int getHeight(TreeNode root) {
if (root == null) {
return 0;
}
Deque<TreeNode> deque = new LinkedList<>();
deque.offer(root);
int depth = 0;
while (!deque.isEmpty()) {
int size = deque.size();
depth++;
for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
TreeNode poll = deque.poll();
if (poll.left != null) deque.offer(poll.left);
if (poll.right != null) deque.offer(poll.right);
}
}
return depth;
}
}
二叉树的所有路径
给你一个二叉树的根节点 root ，按 任意顺序 ，返回所有从根节点到叶子节点的路径。
叶子节点 是指没有子节点的节点。
/**
* Definition for a binary tree node.
* public class TreeNode {
* int val;
* TreeNode left;
* TreeNode right;
* TreeNode() {}
* TreeNode(int val) { this.val = val; }
* TreeNode(int val, TreeNode left, TreeNode right) {
* this.val = val;
* this.left = left;
* this.right = right;
* }
* }
*/
/** 前序遍历 让父节点指向孩子节点
要把路径记录下来，需要回溯来回退一个路径再进入另一个路径
*/
class Solution {
public List<String> binaryTreePaths(TreeNode root) {
List<String> res = new ArrayList<>();
if (root == null) {
return res;
}
List<Integer> paths = new ArrayList<>();
traversal(root, paths, res);
return res;
}
private void traversal(TreeNode root, List<Integer> paths, List<String> res) {
paths.add(root.val); // 前序遍历 中
// 遇到叶子节点
if (root.left == null && root.right == null) {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
for (int i = 0; i < paths.size() - 1; i++) {
sb.append(paths.get(i)).append("->");
}
sb.append(paths.get(paths.size() - 1)); // 记录最后一个节点
res.add(sb.toString());
return;
}
//递归和回溯是同时进行，所以要放在同一个花括号里
if (root.left != null) {
traversal(root.left, paths, res); // 递归一个
paths.remove(paths.size() - 1); // 回溯一个
}
if (root.right != null) {
traversal(root.right, paths, res);
paths.remove(paths.size() - 1);
}
}
}
/**
* Definition for a binary tree node.
* public class TreeNode {
* int val;
* TreeNode left;
* TreeNode right;
* TreeNode() {}
* TreeNode(int val) { this.val = val; }
* TreeNode(int val, TreeNode left, TreeNode right) {
* this.val = val;
* this.left = left;
* this.right = right;
* }
* }
*/
// 迭代法
class Solution {
public List<String> binaryTreePaths(TreeNode root) {
List<String> result = new ArrayList<>();
if (root == null) {
return result;
}
Stack<Object> stack = new Stack<>();
// 节点和路径同时入栈
stack.push(root);
stack.push(root.val + "");
while (!stack.isEmpty()) {
// 节点和路径同时出栈
String path = (String) stack.pop();
TreeNode node = (TreeNode) stack.pop();
// 若找到叶子节点
if (node.left == null && node.right == null) {
result.add(path);
}
//右子节点不为空
if (node.right != null) {
stack.push(node.right);
stack.push(path + "->" + node.right.val);
}
//左子节点不为空
if (node.left != null) {
stack.push(node.left);
stack.push(path + "->" + node.left.val);
}
}
return result;
}
}
左叶子之和
给定二叉树的根节点 root ，返回所有左叶子之和。
/**
* Definition for a binary tree node.
* public class TreeNode {
* int val;
* TreeNode left;
* TreeNode right;
* TreeNode() {}
* TreeNode(int val) { this.val = val; }
* TreeNode(int val, TreeNode left, TreeNode right) {
* this.val = val;
* this.left = left;
* this.right = right;
* }
* }
*/
// 左叶子节点： 节点A 的左孩子不为空 且左孩子的左右孩子都为空
// 判断当前节点是不是左叶子是无法判断的， 必须要通过节点的父节点来判断其左孩子是不是左叶子
class Solution {
public int sumOfLeftLeaves(TreeNode root) {
if(root == null) return 0;
int leftValue = sumOfLeftLeaves(root.left);
int rightValue = sumOfLeftLeaves(root.right);
int midValue = 0;
if (root.left != null && root.left.left == null && root.left.right == null) {
midValue = root.left.val;
}
int sum = midValue + leftValue + rightValue;
return sum;
}
}
/**
* Definition for a binary tree node.
* public class TreeNode {
* int val;
* TreeNode left;
* TreeNode right;
* TreeNode() {}
* TreeNode(int val) { this.val = val; }
* TreeNode(int val, TreeNode left, TreeNode right) {
* this.val = val;
* this.left = left;
* this.right = right;
* }
* }
*/
class Solution {
public int sumOfLeftLeaves(TreeNode root) {
if (root == null) return 0;
Stack<TreeNode> stack = new Stack<> ();
stack.add(root);
int result = 0;
while (!stack.isEmpty()) {
TreeNode node = stack.pop();
if (node.left != null && node.left.left == null && node.left.right == null) {
result += node.left.val;
}
if (node.right != null) stack.add(node.right);
if (node.left != null) stack.add(node.left);
}
return result;
}
}
/**
* Definition for a binary tree node.
* public class TreeNode {
* int val;
* TreeNode left;
* TreeNode right;
* TreeNode() {}
* TreeNode(int val) { this.val = val; }
* TreeNode(int val, TreeNode left, TreeNode right) {
* this.val = val;
* this.left = left;
* this.right = right;
* }
* }
*/
class Solution {
public int sumOfLeftLeaves(TreeNode root) {
int sum = 0;
if (root == null) return 0;
Queue<TreeNode> queue = new LinkedList<>();
queue.offer(root);
while (!queue.isEmpty()) {
int size = queue.size();
while (size -- > 0) {
TreeNode node = queue.poll();
if (node.left != null) { // 左节点不为空
queue.offer(node.left);
if (node.left.left == null && node.left.right == null){ // 左叶子节点
sum += node.left.val;
}
}
if (node.right != null) queue.offer(node.right);
}
}
return sum;
}
}
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