Spring MVC 表单处理例子

1、Spring MVC 表单处理例子

下面的例子说明了如何编写一个简单的基于 web 的应用程序，它利用了使用 Spring 的 Web MVC 框架的 HTML 表单。

1.1 创建一个 Maven 项目，并添加 web 支持

1.2 导入依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
    <version>5.1.9.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
    <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
    <version>1.18.12</version>
</dependency>

1.3 Student 类

package com.su.pojo;

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Student {
    private Integer age;
    private String name;
    private Integer id;

}

1.4 StudentController

package com.su.controller;

import com.su.pojo.Student;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap;
@Controller
public class StudentController {
    @RequestMapping(value = "/student", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public ModelAndView student() {
        return new ModelAndView("student", "command", new Student());
    }
    @RequestMapping(value = "/addStudent", method = RequestMethod.POST)
    public String addStudent(@ModelAttribute("SpringWeb")Student student,
                             ModelMap model) {
        model.addAttribute("name", student.getName());
        model.addAttribute("age", student.getAge());
        model.addAttribute("id", student.getId());
        return "result";
    }
}

student()：我们已经在名称为 “command” 的 ModelAndView 对象中传递一个空的 Student 对象，因为 spring 框架需要一个名称的 “command” 的对象，如果你在 JSP 文件中使用 <form:form> 标签。所以，当 student() 方法被调用时，它返回 student.jsp 视图。

<form:form> 标签：https://www.cnblogs.com/dirgo/p/9077564.html

addStudent()： 将调用 HelloWeb/addStudent URL 中的 POST 方法。你将根据提交的信息准备好你的模型对象。最后一个 “result” 视图会从 service 方法中返回，它将导致呈现 result.jsp。

1.5 web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app id="WebApp_ID" version="2.4"
         xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee
    http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">

    <display-name>Spring MVC Form Handling</display-name>

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:spring-servlet.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </servlet>

    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <filter>
        <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
            <param-value>true</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

</web-app>

1.6 spring-servlet.xml

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd">

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.su.controller" />

    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
    </bean>

</beans>

1.7 Spring 视图文件 student.jsp

<%@taglib uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags/form" prefix="form"%>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Spring MVC Form Handling</title>
</head>
<body>

<h2>Student Information</h2>
<form:form method="POST" action="/addStudent">
    <table>
        <tr>
            <td><form:label path="name">Name</form:label></td>
            <td><form:input path="name" /></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td><form:label path="age">Age</form:label></td>
            <td><form:input path="age" /></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td><form:label path="id">id</form:label></td>
            <td><form:input path="id" /></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td colspan="2">
                <input type="submit" value="Submit"/>
            </td>
        </tr>
    </table>
</form:form>
</body>
</html>

1.8 Spring 视图文件 result.jsp

<%@taglib uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags/form" prefix="form"%>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Spring MVC Form Handling</title>
</head>
<body>

<h2>Submitted Student Information</h2>
<table>
    <tr>
        <td>Name</td>
        <td>${name}</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Age</td>
        <td>${age}</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>ID</td>
        <td>${id}</td>
    </tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>

1.9 配置 Tomcat 并启动

访问 http://localhost:8080/student。如果你的 Spring Web 应用程序一切都正常，你应该看到下面的结果：

填写信息，提交后：