文章目录
- Spring MVC
- 基于XML配置与注解的方式使用Spring MVC
- 实战练习
- 基于Java配置与注解的方式使用Spring MVC
Spring MVC
MVC模型:是一种架构的新模式,本身不引入新的功能,只是帮助我们将开发的结构组织的更加合理。使展示与模型分离,流程逻辑控制、业务逻辑调用与展示逻辑分离。
- M(model模型):数据模型,包含要展示的数据和业务。
- V(View视图):用户界面,在界面上展示模型数据。
- C(Controller控制器):起调度作用,接收用户请求,调用业务处理请求,共享数据模型并跳转界面。
使用方式
- 基于XML配置与注解的方式使用Spring MVC
- 基于Java配置与注解的方式使用Spring MVC
基于XML配置与注解的方式使用Spring MVC
一、创建项目SpringMVCDemo01
二、在pom.xml中添加依赖
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>net.hw.spring</groupId>
<artifactId>SpringMVCDemo01</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<properties>
<!-- spring.version -->
<spring.version>5.3.4</spring.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!--Spring核心-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--Spring Bean-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--Spring容器-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--Spring测试-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--Spring Web-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--Spring MVC-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--JSP标准标签库-->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!--Servlet -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<!--日志框架-->
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.17</version>
</dependency>
<!--单元测试-->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.13</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
三、添加项目web功能
- ctrl+shift+alt+s打开界面
- 单击右下角“Create Artifact”按钮
四、创建登录页面、登录成功页面、登录失败页面
- 创建views子包
login.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>用户登录</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" >
</head>
<body>
<h3 style="text-align: center">用户登录</h3>
<form id="frmLogin" action="login" method="post">
<table class="tb" border="1" cellpadding="10" style="margin: 0px auto">
<tr>
<td align="center">账号</td>
<td><input id="username" type="text" name="username"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center">密码</td>
<td><input id="password" type="password" name="password"/></td>
</tr>
<tr align="center">
<td colspan="2">
<input type="submit" value="登录" onclick="check()"/>
<input type="reset" value="重置"/>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
</body>
</html>
success.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<%@taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>登录成功</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>${username},登录成功!</h1>
</body>
</html>
failure.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<%@taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>登录失败</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>${username},登录失败!</h1>
</body>
</html>
五、创建登录控制器loginController
- 创建controller子包
package net.lj.spring.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
/**
* 登录控制器
*/
@Controller
public class LoginController {
@RequestMapping("/login")
public String login(@RequestParam("username") String username,
@RequestParam("password") String password,
HttpSession session) {
//将从登录表单获取的用户名写入会话
session.setAttribute("username", username);
//判断是否登陆成功
if (username.equals("admin") && password.equals("123456")) {
return "success";//返回逻辑视图名
} else {
//返回逻辑视图名
return "failure";
}
}
六、创建Spring配置文件spring-config.xml
- 创建mvc子目录
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!--组件扫描-->
<context:component-scan base-package="net.lj.spring"/>
</beans>
七、创建Spring MVC配置文件spring-mvc-config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="