numpy：多维数组的创建

1、numpy：多维数组的创建

多维数组（矩阵ndarray）

ndarray的基本属性

shape 维度的大小

ndim 维度的个数

dtype 数据类型

1.1 随机抽样创建

1.1.1 rand

生成指定维度的随机多维度浮点型数组，区间范围是[0,1)

Random values in a given shape.
    
            Create an array of the given shape and populate it with
            random samples from a uniform distribution
            over ``[0, 1)``.
                    
                    
nd1 = np.random.rand(1,1)
print(nd1)
print('维度的个数',nd1.ndim)
print('维度的大小',nd1.shape)
print('数据类型',nd1.dtype)   # float 64

1.1.2 uniform

def uniform(low=0.0, high=1.0, size=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """
    uniform(low=0.0, high=1.0, size=None)
    
            Draw samples from a uniform distribution.
    
            Samples are uniformly distributed over the half-open interval
            ``[low, high)`` (includes low, but excludes high).  In other words,
            any value within the given interval is equally likely to be drawn
            by `uniform`.
    
            Parameters
            ----------
            low : float or array_like of floats, optional
                Lower boundary of the output interval.  All values generated will be
                greater than or equal to low.  The default value is 0.
            high : float or array_like of floats
                Upper boundary of the output interval.  All values generated will be
                less than high.  The default value is 1.0.
            size : int or tuple of ints, optional
                Output shape.  If the given shape is, e.g., ``(m, n, k)``, then
                ``m * n * k`` samples are drawn.  If size is ``None`` (default),
                a single value is returned if ``low`` and ``high`` are both scalars.
                Otherwise, ``np.broadcast(low, high).size`` samples are drawn.
    
            Returns
            -------
            out : ndarray or scalar
                Drawn samples from the parameterized uniform distribution.
    
            See Also
            --------
            randint : Discrete uniform distribution, yielding integers.
            random_integers : Discrete uniform distribution over the closed
                              interval ``[low, high]``.
            random_sample : Floats uniformly distributed over ``[0, 1)``.
            random : Alias for `random_sample`.
            rand : Convenience function that accepts dimensions as input, e.g.,
                   ``rand(2,2)`` would generate a 2-by-2 array of floats,
                   uniformly distributed over ``[0, 1)``.
    
            Notes
            -----
            The probability density function of the uniform distribution is
    
            .. math:: p(x) = \frac{1}{b - a}
    
            anywhere within the interval ``[a, b)``, and zero elsewhere.
    
            When ``high`` == ``low``, values of ``low`` will be returned.
            If ``high`` < ``low``, the results are officially undefined
            and may eventually raise an error, i.e. do not rely on this
            function to behave when passed arguments satisfying that
            inequality condition.
    
            Examples
            --------
            Draw samples from the distribution:
    
            >>> s = np.random.uniform(-1,0,1000)
    
            All values are within the given interval:
    
            >>> np.all(s >= -1)
            True
            >>> np.all(s < 0)
            True
    
            Display the histogram of the samples, along with the
            probability density function:
    
            >>> import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
            >>> count, bins, ignored = plt.hist(s, 15, density=True)
            >>> plt.plot(bins, np.ones_like(bins), linewidth=2, color='r')
            >>> plt.show()
    """
    pass

nd2 = np.random.uniform(-1,5,size = (2,3))
print