CentOS7光盘挂载以及更换YUM源
1、光盘挂载
1) 设置镜像连接
2)执行挂载操作
[root@centos7 ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/dvd/
mount: /dev/sr0 写保护,将以只读方式挂载
[root@centos7 ~]#
[root@centos7 ~]# df -hT /mnt/dvd/ //检查目录对应的挂载设备
文件系统 类型 容量 已用 可用 已用% 挂载点
/dev/sr0 iso9660 4.5G 4.5G 0 100% /mnt/dvd
[root@centos7 ~]#
3)撤销挂载
[root@centos7 ~]# umount /mnt/dvd
4)配置开机挂载光盘
上述的挂在操作一次性有效,重启系统后不再有效。
[root@centos7 ~]# vim /etc/fstab //编辑fastab文件,在文本末行加入以下参数,'ro'为只读。
/dev/cdrom /mnt/dvd iso9660 ro 0 0
2、更换YUM源
2.1 使用本机目录作为软件源
1)清理旧的配置(mv移走或者rm删除都行),或者不可用/不使用的配置,避免干扰。
[root@centos7 ~]# mkdir /etc/yum.repos.d/repobak
[root@centos7 ~]# mv /etc/yum.repos.d/*.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/repobak/
2)手动添加新的软件源,指向前一步准备的本地软件仓库
[root@centos7 ~]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/sss.repo //自行创建源文件
*****添加以下内容后,保存退出:*****
[sss] //sss为名称可自定义
name=sss //sss为名称可自定义
baseurl=file:///mnt/dvd/ //软件源为本地挂载点
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0 //不检查签名
============================================================================
也可以执行以下命令自动生成软件源文件:
[root@centos7 ~]# yum-config-manager --add-repo file:///mnt/dvd/
[root@svr7 ~]# vim /etc/yum.conf
[main]
cachedir=/var/cache/yum/$basearch/$releasever
keepcache=0
.. ..
gpgcheck = 0 //不检查签名
3)清理yum缓存数据(更正错误配置时可能需要,但不是必需的)
[root@centos7 ~]# yum clean all
已加载插件:fastestmirror, langpacks
正在清理软件源: sss
Cleaning up list of fastest mirrors
Other repos take up 744 M of disk space (use --verbose for details)
[root@centos7 ~]#
4)列出软件仓库列表,确认配置结果
[root@centos7 ~]# yum repolist
已加载插件:fastestmirror, langpacks
Determining fastest mirrors
sss | 3.6 kB 00:00
(1/2): sss/group_gz | 153 kB 00:00
(2/2): sss/primary_db | 3.3 MB 00:00
源标识 源名称 状态
sss sss from: file:///mnt/dvd/ 4,071
repolist: 4,071
[root@centos7 ~]#
2.2 更换软件源链接地址
这里将源改为清华大学的。
1)备份源文件
[root@centos7 ~]#cp /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.bak
2)替换源
编辑 /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo 文件,将文本中开头为mirrorlist的行前面加#注释掉;并将开头为baseurl的行取消注释(如果被注释的话),把该行内的域名(例如)替换为 。mirror.centos.orgmirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn
# CentOS-Base.repo
#
# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
# geographically close to the client. You should use this for CentOS updates
# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
#
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the
# remarked out baseurl= line instead.
#
#
[base]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Base
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=os
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-7
#released updates
[updates]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=updates
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-7
#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=extras
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-7
#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-7
3)确认配置
[root@centos7 ~]# yum clean all
已加载插件:fastestmirror, langpacks
正在清理软件源: base extras updates
Cleaning up list of fastest mirrors
Other repos take up 19 M of disk space (use --verbose for details)
[root@centos7 ~]#
[root@centos7 ~]# yum repolist
已加载插件:fastestmirror, langpacks
Determining fastest mirrors
base | 3.6 kB 00:00
extras | 2.9 kB 00:00
updates | 2.9 kB 00:00
(1/4): extras/7/x86_64/primary_db | 222 kB 00:06
(2/4): updates/7/x86_64/primary_db | 3.7 MB 00:05
(3/4): base/7/x86_64/group_gz | 153 kB 00:08
(4/4): base/7/x86_64/primary_db | 6.1 MB 00:00:18
源标识 源名称 状态
base/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Base 10,072
extras/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Extras 448
updates/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Updates 773
repolist: 11,293
[root@centos7 ~]#