[Android开发-TV] 关键方法梳理

开发TV应用与开发手机应用的最大不同就是焦点

触摸模式

Android中分为触摸模式¹和选择模式

通常在手机、平板等触摸屏设备上默认都会处于触摸模式。
Android当中提供了View.isInTouchMode方法来判断当前的设备是否处于触摸模式。当我们使用adb命令向设备发送方向键事件时，设备就会进入选择模式

关键方法

View.setFocusable

设置focusable为true时将会给View添加对应的flag

 public void setFocusable(boolean focusable) {
        setFocusable(focusable ? FOCUSABLE : NOT_FOCUSABLE);
    }

  public void setFocusable(@Focusable int focusable) {
        if ((focusable & (FOCUSABLE_AUTO | FOCUSABLE)) == 0) {
            setFlags(0, FOCUSABLE_IN_TOUCH_MODE);
        }
        setFlags(focusable, FOCUSABLE_MASK);
    }

View.setFocusableInTouchMode

设置触摸模式可聚焦即可在触摸模式下可聚焦，有同学可能会发现recyclerView跟其他控件嵌套使用，有时会抢占焦点，就是因为设置了这个标记的缘故

 public void setFocusableInTouchMode(boolean focusableInTouchMode) {
        // Focusable in touch mode should always be set before the focusable flag
        // otherwise, setting the focusable flag will trigger a focusableViewAvailable()
        // which, in touch mode, will not successfully request focus on this view
        // because the focusable in touch mode flag is not set
        setFlags(focusableInTouchMode ? FOCUSABLE_IN_TOUCH_MODE : 0, FOCUSABLE_IN_TOUCH_MODE);

        // Clear FOCUSABLE_AUTO if set.
        if (focusableInTouchMode) {
            // Clears FOCUSABLE_AUTO if set.
            setFlags(FOCUSABLE, FOCUSABLE_MASK);
        }
    }

View.hasFocus

如果此视图本身有焦点，或者它的子视图有焦点，则返回true

  public boolean hasFocus() {
        return (mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_FOCUSED) != 0;
  }

View.hasFocusable

如果此视图可聚焦，或者它的子视图可聚焦，则返回true，注意只有Visibility为visiable的才算

  public boolean hasFocusable() {
        return hasFocusable(!sHasFocusableExcludeAutoFocusable, false);
  }

View.setOnFocusChangeListener

这个方法会在视图的焦点状态被更改时调用，这个方法有对应的get方法

  public void setOnFocusChangeListener(OnFocusChangeListener l) {
        getListenerInfo().mOnFocusChangeListener = l;
  }

View.focusSearch

这个方法会调用ViewGroup的双参数方法，将自己作为起点，向特定的方向搜索下一个焦点，当然了，前提是这个视图被添加到一个ViewGroup中

 public View focusSearch(@FocusRealDirection int direction) {
        if (mParent != null) {
            return mParent.focusSearch(this, direction);
        } else {
            return null;
        }
    }

View.findFocus

此视图本身是否已聚焦，是返回自己，否则返回null

  public View findFocus() {
        return (mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_FOCUSED) != 0 ? this : null;
  }

View.requestFocus

无参方法会调用到requestFocusNoSearch方法
因为View不需要去检查子视图是否需要获得焦点，所以满足条件后会直接获得焦点

 public final boolean requestFocus() {
        return requestFocus(View.FOCUS_DOWN);
 }


 private boolean requestFocusNoSearch(int direction, Rect previouslyFocusedRect) {
        // need to be focusable
        if (!canTakeFocus()) {
            return false;
        }

        // need to be focusable in touch mode if in touch mode
        if (isInTouchMode() &&
            (FOCUSABLE_IN_TOUCH_MODE != (mViewFlags & FOCUSABLE_IN_TOUCH_MODE))) {
               return false;
        }

        // need to not have any parents blocking us
        if (hasAncestorThatBlocksDescendantFocus()) {
            return false;
        }

        if (!isLayoutValid()) {
            mPrivateFlags |= PFLAG_WANTS_FOCUS;
        } else {
            clearParentsWantFocus();
        }

        handleFocusGainInternal(direction, previouslyFocusedRect);
        return true;
    }

View.clearFocus

此方法会清除视图的焦点，注意此方法清除焦点后，如果系统处于选择模式，清除焦点后会丢失焦点，那么焦点会跑到左上角第一个可聚焦的视图，大屏tv开发时不建议调用此方法

  public void clearFocus() {
        if (DBG) {
            System.out.println(this + " clearFocus()");
        }

        final boolean refocus = sAlwaysAssignFocus || !isInTouchMode();
        clearFocusInternal(null, true, refocus);
    }

View.addFocusables

此方法会在FocusFinder查找焦点时调用，用于从ViewGroup中收集可聚焦的视图，如果是View就是收集View本身

    public void addFocusables(ArrayList<View> views, @FocusDirection int direction) {
        addFocusables(views, direction, isInTouchMode() ? FOCUSABLES_TOUCH_MODE : FOCUSABLES_ALL);
    }

ViewGroup.findFocus

View的同名重载方法，如果此ViewGroup已经聚焦则返回自己，如果它的子视图已聚焦，则会调用子视图的同名方法
需要注意的是，这里的mFocused指的是当前ViewGroup的直接子视图，而返回值返回的是真正聚焦的视图

	@Override
    public View findFocus() {
        if (DBG) {
            System.out.println("Find focus in " + this + ": flags="
                    + isFocused() + ", child=" + mFocused);
        }

        if (isFocused()) {
            return this;
        }

        if (mFocused != null) {
            return mFocused.findFocus();
        }
        return null;
    }

ViewGroup.clearFocus

此ViewGroup会先清除自己或者子视图的焦点

   @Override
    public void clearFocus() {
        if (DBG) {
            System.out.println(this + " clearFocus()");
        }
        if (mFocused == null) {
            super.clearFocus();
        } else {
            View focused = mFocused;
            mFocused = null;
            focused.clearFocus();
        }
    }

ViewGroup.requestFocus

这里涉及到descendantFocusability这个关键方法
我们可以在xml中设置这个属性，值分别时

1. blocksDescendants(阻止后代获取焦点，父视图直接获得焦点)
2. beforeDescendants(在后代之前获得焦点，如果父视图能获得焦点，父视图会直接获得焦点，否则会调用onRequestFocusInDescendants把焦点分发给子视图)
3. afterDescendants(在后代之后获得焦点，先调用onRequestFocusInDescendants把焦点分发给子视图，如果子视图不能获得焦点那么发给自己)
   此方法会检查

    public boolean requestFocus(int direction, Rect previouslyFocusedRect) {
        if (DBG) {
            System.out.println(this + " ViewGroup.requestFocus direction="
                    + direction);
        }
        int descendantFocusability = getDescendantFocusability();

        boolean result;
        switch (descendantFocusability) {
            case FOCUS_BLOCK_DESCENDANTS:
                result = super.requestFocus(direction, previouslyFocusedRect);
                break;
            case FOCUS_BEFORE_DESCENDANTS: {
                final boolean took = super.requestFocus(direction, previouslyFocusedRect);
                result = took ? took : onRequestFocusInDescendants(direction,
                        previouslyFocusedRect);
                break;
            }
            case FOCUS_AFTER_DESCENDANTS: {
                final boolean took = onRequestFocusInDescendants(direction, previouslyFocusedRect);
                result = took ? took : super.requestFocus(direction, previouslyFocusedRect);
                break;
            }
            default:
                throw new IllegalStateException("descendant focusability must be "
                        + "one of FOCUS_BEFORE_DESCENDANTS, FOCUS_AFTER_DESCENDANTS, FOCUS_BLOCK_DESCENDANTS "
                        + "but is " + descendantFocusability);
        }
        if (result && !isLayoutValid() && ((mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_WANTS_FOCUS) == 0)) {
            mPrivateFlags |= PFLAG_WANTS_FOCUS;
        }
        return result;
    }

ViewGroup.onRequestFocusInDescendants

当你对此ViewGroup进行requestFocus时根据你设置的descendantFocusability会看情况自动调用，
你可以重写此方法来定义你的ViewGroup寻找子视图的规则

  protected boolean onRequestFocusInDescendants(int direction,
            Rect previouslyFocusedRect) {
        int index;
        int increment;
        int end;
        int count = mChildrenCount;
        if ((direction & FOCUS_FORWARD) != 0) {
            index = 0;
            increment = 1;
            end = count;
        } else {
            index = count - 1;
            increment = -1;
            end = -1;
        }
        final View[] children = mChildren;
        for (int i = index; i != end; i += increment) {
            View child = children[i];
            if ((child.mViewFlags & VISIBILITY_MASK) == VISIBLE) {
                if (child.requestFocus(direction, previouslyFocusedRect)) {
                    return true;
                }
            }
        }
        return false;
    }

ViewGroup.getFocusedChild

直接返回已经聚焦的子视图，与findFocus不同的是findFocus会按照层级寻找已聚焦的子视图

 public View getFocusedChild() {
        return mFocused;
 }

ViewGroup.focusSearch

这个方法会检查是否是根视图，是根视图就会调用FocusFinder查找焦点，否则就会请求父视图查找焦点，可以重写此方法更新搜索策略，例如recyclerView

   @Override
    public View focusSearch(View focused, int direction) {
        if (isRootNamespace()) {
            // root namespace means we should consider ourselves the top of the
            // tree for focus searching; otherwise we could be focus searching
            // into other tabs.  see LocalActivityManager and TabHost for more info.
            return FocusFinder.getInstance().findNextFocus(this, focused, direction);
        } else if (mParent != null) {
            return mParent.focusSearch(focused, direction);
        }
        return null;
    }

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1. https://android-developers.googleblog.com/2008/12/touch-mode.html ↩︎