项目当中采用LocalDateTime作为前端传入的时间类型,但是Spring接收到参数过后总是会报转换错误,原因是Spring通过反射实例化一个对象出来,然后再对对象中的各个参数进行convert,但是LocalDateTime、LocalDate类没有构造函数,无法反射实例化因此会报错,针对此错误进行了全局时间类型转换。
注:本文基于Springboot2.0测试,如果无法生效可能是spring版本较低导致的。
参数使用@RequestParam或者@PathVariable接收时
此时时间字符串作为普通请求参数传入,使用Convert进行时间类型转换
@Configuration
public class DateConfiguration {
@Bean
public Converter<String, LocalDate> localDateConverter() {
return new Converter<>() {
@Override
public LocalDate convert(String source) {
return LocalDate.parse(source, DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy-MM-dd"));
}
};
}
@Bean
public Converter<String, LocalDateTime> localDateTimeConverter() {
return new Converter<>() {
@Override
public LocalDateTime convert(String source) {
return LocalDateTime.parse(source, DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"));
}
};
}
}
以上两个bean会注入到spring mvc的参数解析器(好像叫做ParameterConversionService),当传入的字符串要转为LocalDateTime类时,spring会调用该Converter对这个入参进行转换。
参数使用@RequestBody接收时
此时时间字符串时json字符串,因为前端json转后端pojo底层使用的是Json序列化Jackson工具(HttpMessgeConverter),要利用Jackson的json序列化和反序列化来做。
@Configuration
public class DateConfiguration {
/** 默认日期时间格式 */
public static final String DEFAULT_DATE_TIME_FORMAT = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss";
/** 默认日期格式 */
public static final String DEFAULT_DATE_FORMAT = "yyyy-MM-dd";
/** 默认时间格式 */
public static final String DEFAULT_TIME_FORMAT = "HH:mm:ss";
@Bean
public ObjectMapper objectMapper(){
ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();
JavaTimeModule javaTimeModule = new JavaTimeModule();
javaTimeModule.addSerializer(LocalDateTime.class,new LocalDateTimeSerializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(DEFAULT_DATE_TIME_FORMAT)));
javaTimeModule.addSerializer(LocalDate.class,new LocalDateSerializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(DEFAULT_DATE_FORMAT)));
javaTimeModule.addSerializer(LocalTime.class,new LocalTimeSerializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(DEFAULT_TIME_FORMAT)));
javaTimeModule.addDeserializer(LocalDateTime.class,new LocalDateTimeDeserializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(DEFAULT_DATE_TIME_FORMAT)));
javaTimeModule.addDeserializer(LocalDate.class,new LocalDateDeserializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(DEFAULT_DATE_FORMAT)));
javaTimeModule.addDeserializer(LocalTime.class,new LocalTimeDeserializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(DEFAULT_TIME_FORMAT)));
objectMapper.registerModule(javaTimeModule).registerModule(new ParameterNamesModule());
return objectMapper;
}
}
完整解决方案
同时解决两种方式需要对以上两个类进行一下整合
@Configuration
public class DateConfiguration {
/** 默认日期时间格式 */
public static final String DEFAULT_DATE_TIME_FORMAT = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss";
/** 默认日期格式 */
public static final String DEFAULT_DATE_FORMAT = "yyyy-MM-dd";
/** 默认时间格式 */
public static final String DEFAULT_TIME_FORMAT = "HH:mm:ss";
/**
* LocalDate转换器,用于转换RequestParam和PathVariable参数
*/
@Bean
public Converter<String, LocalDate> localDateConverter() {
return new Converter<String, LocalDate>() {
@Override
public LocalDate convert(String source) {
return LocalDate.parse(source, DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(DEFAULT_DATE_FORMAT));
}
};
}
/**
* LocalDateTime转换器,用于转换RequestParam和PathVariable参数
*/
@Bean
public Converter<String, LocalDateTime> localDateTimeConverter() {
return new Converter<String, LocalDateTime>() {
@Override
public LocalDateTime convert(String source) {
return LocalDateTime.parse(source, DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(DEFAULT_DATE_TIME_FORMAT));
}
};
}
/**
* LocalTime转换器,用于转换RequestParam和PathVariable参数
*/
@Bean
public Converter<String, LocalTime> localTimeConverter() {
return new Converter<String, LocalTime>() {
@Override
public LocalTime convert(String source) {
return LocalTime.parse(source, DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(DEFAULT_TIME_FORMAT));
}
};
}
/**
* Date转换器,用于转换RequestParam和PathVariable参数
*/
@Bean
public Converter<String, Date> dateConverter() {
return new Converter<String, Date>() {
@Override
public Date convert(String source) {
SimpleDateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat(DEFAULT_DATE_TIME_FORMAT);
try {
return format.parse(source);
} catch (ParseException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
};
}
/**
* Json序列化和反序列化转换器,用于转换Post请求体中的json以及将我们的对象序列化为返回响应的json
*/
@Bean
public ObjectMapper objectMapper(){
ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();
objectMapper.disable(SerializationFeature.WRITE_DATES_AS_TIMESTAMPS);
objectMapper.disable(DeserializationFeature.ADJUST_DATES_TO_CONTEXT_TIME_ZONE);
//LocalDateTime系列序列化和反序列化模块,继承自jsr310,我们在这里修改了日期格式
JavaTimeModule javaTimeModule = new JavaTimeModule();
javaTimeModule.addSerializer(LocalDateTime.class,new LocalDateTimeSerializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(DEFAULT_DATE_TIME_FORMAT)));
javaTimeModule.addSerializer(LocalDate.class,new LocalDateSerializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(DEFAULT_DATE_FORMAT)));
javaTimeModule.addSerializer(LocalTime.class,new LocalTimeSerializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(DEFAULT_TIME_FORMAT)));
javaTimeModule.addDeserializer(LocalDateTime.class,new LocalDateTimeDeserializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(DEFAULT_DATE_TIME_FORMAT)));
javaTimeModule.addDeserializer(LocalDate.class,new LocalDateDeserializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(DEFAULT_DATE_FORMAT)));
javaTimeModule.addDeserializer(LocalTime.class,new LocalTimeDeserializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(DEFAULT_TIME_FORMAT)));
//Date序列化和反序列化
javaTimeModule.addSerializer(Date.class, new JsonSerializer<Date>() {
@Override
public void serialize(Date date, JsonGenerator jsonGenerator, SerializerProvider serializerProvider) throws IOException {
SimpleDateFormat formatter = new SimpleDateFormat(DEFAULT_DATE_TIME_FORMAT);
String formattedDate = formatter.format(date);
jsonGenerator.writeString(formattedDate);
}
});
javaTimeModule.addDeserializer(Date.class, new JsonDeserializer<Date>() {
@Override
public Date deserialize(JsonParser jsonParser, DeserializationContext deserializationContext) throws IOException, JsonProcessingException {
SimpleDateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat(DEFAULT_DATE_TIME_FORMAT);
String date = jsonParser.getText();
try {
return format.parse(date);
} catch (ParseException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
});
objectMapper.registerModule(javaTimeModule);
return objectMapper;
}
}
总结
- 如果是RequestBody,那么通过配置ObjectMapper(这个玩意儿会注入到JacksonHttpMessagConverter里面,即MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter中)来实现Json格式数据的序列化和反序列化;
- 如果是RequestParam或者PathVariable类型的参数,通过配置Converter实现参数转换(这些Converter会注入到ConversionService中)。