UVALive 7500 Boxes and Balls （二分）

#include<bits/stdc++.h>
typedef unsigned long long ull;
using namespace std;
int main()
{
    int case1=1,t;
    cin>>t;
    ull x,sum;
    while(t--)
    {
          cin>>x;
          ull l,r,mid;
          l=1;r=2e9;
          int flag=1;
          while(l<=r)
          {
                mid=(l+r)/2;
                sum=mid*(mid+1)/2;
                if(sum==x)
                {
                    flag=0;
                    cout<<"Case #"<<case1<<": "<<sum<<endl;
                    break;
                }
                else if(sum<x)
                {
                    l=mid+1;
                }
                else
                {
                    r=mid-1;
                }
          }
          if(flag)
          {
              sum=r*(r+1)/2;
              cout<<"Case #"<<case1<<": "<<sum<<endl;
          }
          case1++;
    }
    return 0;
}