For循环
是迭代对象元素的常用方法
具有可迭代方法的任何对象都可以在for循环中使用。
python的一个独特功能是代码块不被{} 或begin,end包围。
相反,python使用缩进,块内的行必须通过制表符缩进,或相对于周围的命令缩进4个空格。
for number in [23, 41, 12, 16, 7]:
print(number)
print('Hi')
结果:
1、枚举
枚举函数返回一个元组,其中包含每次迭代的计数(从默认为0的开始)和迭代序列获得的值
friends = ['steve', 'rachel', 'michael', 'adam', 'monica']
for index, friend in enumerate(friends):
print(index,friend)
结果:
练习一个题:
#将这段话的标点符号去掉,并且把它分开到列表中
text='''On a dark desert highway, cool wind in my hair Warm smell of colitas,
rising up through the air Up ahead in the distance,
I saw a shimmering light My head grew heavy and my sight grew dim I had to stop
for the night There she stood in the doorway; I heard the mission bell And I was
thinking to myself, "This could be Heaven or this could be Hell" Then she lit up
a candle and she showed me the way'''
for a in ['-',',',';','\"']:
text=text.replace(a,' ')#用空格代替
print(text)
text=text.split(' ')[0:100]#用空格给分开
print(text)
结果:
2、len(’’)
#将这段话的标点符号去掉,并且把它分开到列表中
text='''On a dark desert highway, cool wind in my hair Warm smell of colitas,
rising up through the air Up ahead in the distance,
I saw a shimmering light My head grew heavy and my sight grew dim I had to stop
for the night There she stood in the doorway; I heard the mission bell And I was
thinking to myself, "This could be Heaven or this could be Hell" Then she lit up
a candle and she showed me the way'''
for a in ['-',',',';','\"']:
text=text.replace(a,' ')#用空格代替
list=[]
for a in text.split(' '):
if len(a)>0:#如果提取出来的长度大于0就放进列表中
list.append(a)
print(list[0:20])
结果:
3、Continue
continue语句将转到循环的下一次迭代
continue语句用于忽略某些值,但不会中断循环
for a in ['-',',',';','\"']:
text=text.replace(a,' ')#用空格代替
list=[]
for a in text.split(' '):
if len(a)==0:#如果提取出来的=0就下一次循环
continue
list.append(a)
print(list[0:20])
结果:
4、Break
break语句将完全打断循环
#将这段话的标点符号去掉,并且把它分开到列表中
text='''On a dark desert highway, cool wind in my hair Warm smell of colitas,
rising up through the air Up ahead in the distance,
I saw a shimmering light My head grew heavy and my sight grew dim I had to stop
for the night There she stood in the doorway; I heard the mission bell And I was
thinking to myself, "This could be Heaven or this could be Hell" Then she lit up
a candle and she showed me the way'''
for a in ['-',',',';','\"']:
text=text.replace(a,' ')#用空格代替
list=[]
for a in text.split(' '):
if len(a)==0:
break
list.append(a)
print(list[0:20])
结果:
练习:
编写一个Python程序,它迭代整数从1到50(使用for循环)。对于偶数的整数,将其附加到列表even_numbers。对于奇数的整数,将其附加到奇数奇数列表中。
提示:range(1,51)代表1-50取整数
even_number=[]#偶数列表
odd_number=[]#奇数列表
for a in range(1,51):
if a%2==0:
even_number.append(a)
else:
odd_number.append(a)
print(even_number)
print(odd_number)
结果: