Python中For循环与While 循环的使用

For循环是迭代对象元素的常用方法，具有可迭代方法的任何对象都可以在for循环中使用。python的一个独特功能是代码块不被{} 或begin，end包围。相反，python使用缩进，块内的行必须通过制表符缩进，或相对于周围的命令缩进4个空格。

For循环在枚举中使用：

返回一个元组，其中包含每次迭代的计数（从默认为0开始）和迭代序列获得的值：

# For在枚举中使用：
# 返回一个元组，其中包含每次迭代的计数（从默认为0开始）和迭代序列获得的值：
friends = ['steve', 'rachel', 'michael', 'adam', 'monica']
for index, friend in enumerate(friends):
    print(index,friend)

Continue和Break在For循环中的使用：

利用For循环：从下面文本中删除标点符号并将其转换为列表:

• On a dark desert highway, cool wind in my hair Warm smell of colitas, rising up through the air Up ahead in the distance, I saw a shimmering light My head grew heavy and my sight grew dim I had to stop for the night There she stood in the doorway; I heard the mission bell And I was thinking to myself, “This could be Heaven or this could be Hell” Then she lit up a candle and she showed me the way

思路：

• 第一步：从文本中删除标点符（String中replace方法）
• 第二步：将其转换为列表（Split函数：将String转换成list）

# 利用For循环：从文本中删除标点符号并将其转换为列表:（Continue在For循环中的使用：）
text='''On a dark desert highway, cool wind in my hair Warm smell of colitas, rising up through the air Up ahead in the distance, I saw a shimmering light My head grew heavy and my sight grew dim I had to stop for the night There she stood in the doorway; I heard the mission bell And I was thinking to myself, "This could be Heaven or this could be Hell" Then she lit up a candle and she showed me the way'''
print(text)

#第一步：从文本中删除标点符，
for char in '-.,;\n"\'':
    text = text.replace(char,' ')
print(text)

#第二步：将其转换为列表
# Split converts string to list。Split函数：将String转换成list
print('要将其转换为列表：',text.split(' ')[0:20])
#法一：利用空格长度=0，去除列表中空格。
# Each item in list is split on spaces
# Dont want to have non words in my list for example ''
# which in this case are things of zero length
len('')
# Making new list with no empty words in it
cleaned_list = []
for word in text.split(' '):
    word_length = len(word)
    if word_length > 0:
        cleaned_list.append(word)#不是空格，append追加
print('利用For循环中if语句：',cleaned_list[0:20])

#法二：利用Continue：
# continue语句将转到循环的下一次迭代
# continue语句用于忽略某些值，但不会中断循环
cleaned_list = []

for word in text.split(' '):
    if word == '':
        continue#如果是空格，不处理，继续for循环
    cleaned_list.append(word)
print('利用For循环中continue',cleaned_list[0:20])

# for中Break的使用：
# break语句将完全打断循环
cleaned_list = []

for word in text.split(' '):
    if word == 'desert':
        print('I found the word I was looking for')
        break
    cleaned_list.append(word)
print(cleaned_list)

举例：

编写一个Python程序，使用for循环迭代整数从1到50。对于偶数的整数，将其附加到列表even_numbers；对于奇数的整数，将其附加到奇数奇数列表中。

# Making empty lists to append even and odd numbers to.
even_numbers = []
odd_numbers = []
for number in range(1,51):
    if number%2==0:
        even_numbers.append(number)
    else:
        odd_numbers.append(number)
print(even_numbers,"\n",odd_numbers)

For 循环与While 循环区别：

For 循环	While 循环
遍历一组对象	条件为false时自动终止
没有break也可以结束	使用break语句才能退出循环

break语句在While 循环中使用：

使用break可以完全退出循环

count = 0
while count <= 5:
    if count == 2:
        break
    count += 1
    print (count)

x = 1
while x % 5 != 0:
    x += 1
    print(x)