android原生的数据库实现(ContentProvider+SQLiteOpenHelper)

其实网上有很多比较不错的orm移动开发框架，相对还是比较优秀，可以节省大把的开发时间，但我个人认为，现在这个还不是很稳定，而且，在效率上，我持保守态度，移动开发上，应相对的少用反射和抽象接口，而网络上的一些第三方的框架，却抓住这个大用特用，个人觉得，不大好，另外，采用android原生的数据库实现方案，还有个极大的好处是：很容易实现产品生态系统，这个是其他的orm所不易达到的。也即，可以轻而易举地实现我们的几个应用间的数据共享和交互，URI访问即可，从而形成一个生态圈的目的，具体的，就不多说了。

   这个demo是一个完整的db操作，但只给出了一个实体的db实现，不过，足以：

程序结构图：

后面的所有db操作，都会被封装到DBManager中，也即，以后应用的db操作，只需通过DBManager进行交互接口，具体的看TestDBAct中实现：

1、抽象实体基类 BasicEntity.java：

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package blockcheng.android.model;   import java.io.Serializable;   import org.json.JSONObject;   import android.content.ContentValues; import android.database.Cursor; import android.os.Parcelable; import android.provider.BaseColumns;   public abstract class BasicEntity implements BaseColumns,Serializable, Parcelable{      private static final long serialVersionUID = 7169909425485915669L;            protected String entityName;      protected String entityId;      protected long lastUpdateTime;            public static final String sDEFAULTSORT = "  lastUpdateTime desc" ;      public static final String sKEY_LASTUPDATETIMEADID = "lastUpdateTime" ;      /**       * demo methods       * @param obj       * @return       */      public static BasicEntity translateJson2Object(JSONObject obj){          //TODO:this method must be override by subclass.          return null ;      }        public String getEntityName() {          return entityName;      }        public void setEntityName(String entityName) {          this .entityName = entityName;      }        public String getEntityId() {          return entityId;      }        public void setEntityId(String entityId) {          this .entityId = entityId;      }        public long getLastUpdateTime() {          return lastUpdateTime;      }        public void setLastUpdateTime( long lastUpdateTime) {          this .lastUpdateTime = lastUpdateTime;      }                  public abstract ContentValues getContentValues();            /**       * demo method ：should be copy by subclass       * @param c       * @return       */      public static BasicEntity fromCursor(Cursor c) {          return null ;      }        @Override      public String toString() {          return "id=" + entityId  + ", name="                  + entityName + ", lastUpdateTime=" + lastUpdateTime + "" ;      } }

2、广告实体类AdvertisementEntity.java：

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package blockcheng.android.model;   import java.io.Serializable;   import org.json.JSONObject;   import android.content.ContentValues; import android.database.Cursor; import android.os.Parcel;   public class AdvertisementEntity extends BasicEntity implements Serializable{      private static final long serialVersionUID = 3045767248752772598L;            /**       * 广告图片路径       **/      private String adPic;      /**       * 广告类型  1主题 2 单个商品（后可扩充，客户端可根据广告类型设定广告的点击状态）       **/      private int adType;      /**       * 广告对象地址（主题ID、单个商品ID或者其他）       **/      private String adTarget;        //'广告位置：1.banner（后扩充位置）      private int adPosition;      private String data;        /**       * demo methods       * @param obj       * @return       */      public static AdvertisementEntity translateJson2Object(JSONObject obj){          //TODO:implement it later.          AdvertisementEntity aEntity = new AdvertisementEntity();          return aEntity;      }      public String getAdPic() {          return adPic;      }        public void setAdPic(String adPic) {          this .adPic = adPic;      }        public int getAdType() {          return adType;      }        public void setAdType( int adType) {          this .adType = adType;      }        public String getAdTarget() {          return adTarget;      }        public void setAdTarget(String adTarget) {          this .adTarget = adTarget;      }        public int getAdPosition() {          return adPosition;      }        public void setAdPosition( int adPosition) {          this .adPosition = adPosition;      }        public String getData() {          return data;      }        public void setData(String data) {          this .data = data;      }        @Override      public int describeContents() {          // TODO Auto-generated method stub          return 0 ;      }        /******************************************************************/      /*********************Database config information********************/      /******************************************************************/            public static final String sTABLE_NAME = "AdvertisementEntity" ;      public static final String sKEY_ADID = "adId" ;      public static final String sKEY_ADNAME = "adName" ;            public static final String sKEY_ADTYPE = "adType" ;      public static final String sKEY_ADPIC = "adPic" ;      public static final String sKEY_ADTARGET = "adTarget" ;            /*       * 要查询的全部字段       */      public  static String[] ADS_PROJECTION_ALL = new String[] {          "adId" , "adName" , "lastUpdateTime" ,          "adType" , "adPic" , "adTarget" ,      };        @Override      public void writeToParcel(Parcel dest, int flags) {          // TODO Auto-generated method stub      }        @Override      public ContentValues getContentValues() {          // TODO Auto-generated method stub          final ContentValues values = new ContentValues();          values.put(sKEY_ADID, getEntityId());          values.put(sKEY_ADNAME, getEntityName());          values.put(sKEY_ADTYPE, adType);                    values.put(sKEY_ADPIC, adPic);          values.put(sKEY_ADTARGET, adTarget);          return values;      }        public static AdvertisementEntity fromCursor(Cursor c) {          AdvertisementEntity aEntity = new AdvertisementEntity();                    aEntity.entityId = c.getString(c.getColumnIndexOrThrow(sKEY_ADID));          aEntity.entityName = c.getString(c.getColumnIndexOrThrow(sKEY_ADNAME));          aEntity.adPic = c.getString(c.getColumnIndexOrThrow(sKEY_ADTARGET));          aEntity.adType = c.getInt(c.getColumnIndexOrThrow(sKEY_ADTYPE));          aEntity.lastUpdateTime = c.getLong(c.getColumnIndexOrThrow(BasicEntity.sKEY_LASTUPDATETIMEADID));          return aEntity;      }        @Override      public String toString() {          return "AdvertisementEntity [" + super .toString()+ "adPic= " + adPic + ", adType=" + adType                  + ", adTarget=" + adTarget + ", adPosition=" + adPosition                  + ", data=" + data + "]" + super .toString();      } }

3、DB的一些常量配置 DBConfig.java：

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package blockcheng.android.service.database;   import android.net.Uri;   public interface DBConfig {      public static final String DATABASE_NAME = "blockchengDB" ;      public static final int DATABASE_VERSION = 1 ;      public static final String DB_TAG = "blockcheng" ;            public static final String AUTHORITY = "blockcheng.android" ;      // content url      public static final Uri CONTENT_URI_AdvertisementEntity = Uri              .parse( "content://" +AUTHORITY+                      "/AdvertisementEntity" );      //search value      public static final int sSEARCH = 10 ;      public static final int sADVERTISEMENT  = 100 ;      public static final int sADVERTISEMENT_ID  = 101 ;   }

4、建表类DBHelper.java:

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package blockcheng.android.service.database;   import blockcheng.android.model.AdvertisementEntity; import android.content.Context; import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase; import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteOpenHelper; import android.util.Log;   public class DBHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper implements DBConfig{      public DBHelper(Context context) {          super (context, DBConfig.DATABASE_NAME, null , DBConfig.DATABASE_VERSION);      }        @Override      public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) {          // TODO Auto-generated method stub          StringBuffer createAdSql = new StringBuffer( "CREATE TABLE'" );          createAdSql.append(AdvertisementEntity.sTABLE_NAME);          createAdSql.append( "'('adId'  TEXT NOT NULL," );          createAdSql.append( "'adName'  TEXT," );          createAdSql.append( "'lastUpdateTime'  real DEFAULT 0," );          createAdSql.append( "'adType'  INTEGER," );                    createAdSql.append( "'adPic'  TEXT," );          createAdSql.append( "'adTarget'  TEXT," );          createAdSql.append( "PRIMARY KEY ('adId')" );          createAdSql.append( ");" );;                    Log.i(DBConfig.DB_TAG, "createAdSql::" +createAdSql.toString());          db.execSQL(createAdSql.toString());                    String createIndexSql_0 = "CREATE INDEX 'id' ON '" +                  AdvertisementEntity.sTABLE_NAME +                  "' ('adId' ASC);" ;          db.execSQL(createIndexSql_0);        }        @Override      public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {          // TODO Auto-generated method stub          Log.w(DBConfig.DB_TAG, "Upgrading database from version " + oldVersion                  + " to " + newVersion + ", which will destroy all old data" );            db.execSQL( "DROP TABLE IF EXISTS " +                  AdvertisementEntity.sTABLE_NAME);          onCreate(db);      }   }

5、contentProvider实现类DemoContentProvider.java：

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package blockcheng.android.service.database;   import java.util.HashMap;   import blockcheng.android.model.AdvertisementEntity; import blockcheng.android.model.BasicEntity;   import android.app.SearchManager; import android.content.ContentProvider; import android.content.ContentUris; import android.content.ContentValues; import android.content.UriMatcher; import android.database.Cursor; import android.database.SQLException; import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase; import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteOpenHelper; import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteQueryBuilder; import android.net.Uri; import android.text.TextUtils; import android.util.Log;   public class DemoContentProvider extends ContentProvider {      private SQLiteOpenHelper dbHelper;      private static final UriMatcher URI_MATCHER;      static { //TODO 需要整合下面的地址：          URI_MATCHER = new UriMatcher(UriMatcher.NO_MATCH);          URI_MATCHER.addURI(DBConfig.AUTHORITY, SearchManager.SUGGEST_URI_PATH_QUERY,                  DBConfig.sSEARCH);          URI_MATCHER.addURI(DBConfig.AUTHORITY, SearchManager.SUGGEST_URI_PATH_QUERY                  + "/*" , DBConfig.sSEARCH);                    //advertisement uri config          URI_MATCHER.addURI(DBConfig.AUTHORITY, AdvertisementEntity.sTABLE_NAME, DBConfig.sADVERTISEMENT);          URI_MATCHER.addURI(DBConfig.AUTHORITY, AdvertisementEntity.sTABLE_NAME+ "/*" , DBConfig.sADVERTISEMENT_ID);                }        // TODO: need more investigate.      private static final HashMap<String, String> SUGGESTION_PROJECTION_MAP;      static {          SUGGESTION_PROJECTION_MAP = new HashMap<String, String>();          SUGGESTION_PROJECTION_MAP.put(SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_TEXT_1,                  "topicName " + " AS " + SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_TEXT_1);          SUGGESTION_PROJECTION_MAP.put(SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_TEXT_2,                  "goodName " + " AS " + SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_TEXT_2);          SUGGESTION_PROJECTION_MAP.put(                  SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_INTENT_DATA_ID, AdvertisementEntity._ID + " AS "                          + SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_INTENT_DATA_ID);          SUGGESTION_PROJECTION_MAP.put(AdvertisementEntity._ID, AdvertisementEntity._ID);      }        @Override      public boolean onCreate() {          // TODO Auto-generated method stub          dbHelper = new DBHelper(getContext());          return true ;      }        // TODO: update the manifest accordingly.      public String getType(Uri uri) {          switch (URI_MATCHER.match(uri)) {          case DBConfig.sADVERTISEMENT:          case DBConfig.sADVERTISEMENT_ID:              return "vnd.android.cursor.dir/" + DBConfig.AUTHORITY + "."                      + AdvertisementEntity.sTABLE_NAME;                    default :              throw new IllegalArgumentException( "Unknown URI " + uri);          }      }        @Override      public Uri insert(Uri uri, ContentValues initialValues) {          // TODO Auto-generated method stub          Log.i(DBConfig.DB_TAG, "insert::" +uri.toString());          ContentValues values;            SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getWritableDatabase();          switch (URI_MATCHER.match(uri)){          case DBConfig.sADVERTISEMENT:              if (initialValues != null ) {                  values = new ContentValues(initialValues);                  values.put(BasicEntity.sKEY_LASTUPDATETIMEADID, System.currentTimeMillis());              } else {                  values = new ContentValues();              }              final long rowId = db.insert(AdvertisementEntity.sTABLE_NAME, AdvertisementEntity.sKEY_ADPIC, values);              if (rowId > 0 ) {                  Uri insertUri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(DBConfig.CONTENT_URI_AdvertisementEntity, rowId);                  getContext().getContentResolver().notifyChange(uri, null );                  return insertUri;              }              throw new SQLException( "Failed to insert row into " + uri);          default :              throw new IllegalArgumentException( "Unknown URI " + uri);          }                    }        @Override      public int delete(Uri uri, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) {          // TODO Auto-generated method stub          Log.i(DBConfig.DB_TAG, "delete::" +uri.toString());          SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getWritableDatabase();          int count;          switch (URI_MATCHER.match(uri)) {          case DBConfig.sADVERTISEMENT:              count = db.delete(AdvertisementEntity.sTABLE_NAME, selection, selectionArgs);              break ;          case DBConfig.sADVERTISEMENT_ID:              String adId = uri.getPathSegments().get( 1 );              count = db.delete(AdvertisementEntity.sTABLE_NAME,                      AdvertisementEntity.sKEY_ADID                              + "="                              + adId                              + (!TextUtils.isEmpty(selection) ? " AND ("                                      + selection + ')' : "" ), selectionArgs);              break ;          default :              throw new IllegalArgumentException( "   Unknown URI " + uri);          }          getContext().getContentResolver().notifyChange(uri, null );          return count;      }              @Override      public int update(Uri uri, ContentValues values, String where,              String[] whereArgs) {          Log.i(DBConfig.DB_TAG, "update::" +uri.toString() + ": value=" +values.toString());          SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getWritableDatabase();          int count = - 1 ;          switch (URI_MATCHER.match(uri)) {          case DBConfig.sADVERTISEMENT_ID:              Log.i(DBConfig.DB_TAG, "update::sADVERTISEMENT_ID" );              String adverstisementId = uri.getPathSegments().get( 1 );              count = db.update(                      AdvertisementEntity.sTABLE_NAME,                      values,                      AdvertisementEntity.sKEY_ADID                              + "='"                              + adverstisementId                              + "'"                              + (!TextUtils.isEmpty(where) ? " AND (" + where                                      + ')' : "" ), whereArgs);              break ;          case DBConfig.sADVERTISEMENT:              Log.i(DBConfig.DB_TAG, "update::sADVERTISEMENT" );              String aidString = values.getAsString(AdvertisementEntity.sKEY_ADID);              values.remove(AdvertisementEntity.sKEY_ADID);              count = db.update(                      AdvertisementEntity.sTABLE_NAME,                      values,                      AdvertisementEntity.sKEY_ADID                      + "='"                      + aidString                      + "'"                      + (!TextUtils.isEmpty(where) ? " AND (" + where                              + ')' : "" ), whereArgs);              break ;                    default :              throw new IllegalArgumentException( "Unknown URI " + uri);          }          return count;      }        @Override      public Cursor query(Uri uri, String[] projection, String selection,              String[] selectionArgs, String sortOrder) {          Log.i(DBConfig.DB_TAG, "query::" +uri.toString());          SQLiteQueryBuilder qb = new SQLiteQueryBuilder();          String orderBy;          switch (URI_MATCHER.match(uri)) {          case DBConfig.sADVERTISEMENT:              qb.setTables(AdvertisementEntity.sTABLE_NAME);              break ;          case DBConfig.sADVERTISEMENT_ID:              qb.setTables(AdvertisementEntity.sTABLE_NAME);              qb.appendWhere(AdvertisementEntity.sKEY_ADID + "='"                      + uri.getPathSegments().get( 1 ) + "'" );              break ;          default :              throw new IllegalArgumentException( "Unknown URI " + uri);          }            // If no sort order is specified use the default          if (TextUtils.isEmpty(sortOrder)) {              orderBy = BasicEntity.sDEFAULTSORT;          } else {              orderBy = sortOrder;          }                    SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getReadableDatabase();          Cursor c = qb.query(db, projection, selection, selectionArgs, null ,                  null , orderBy);          c.setNotificationUri(getContext().getContentResolver(), uri);            return c;      }           }

测试界面布局：

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<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "utf-8" ?> < LinearLayout xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"      android:layout_width = "match_parent"      android:layout_height = "match_parent"      android:orientation = "vertical"      android:padding = "15dip" >        < EditText          android:id = "@+id/et_condition"          android:layout_width = "match_parent"          android:layout_height = "wrap_content"          android:ems = "10"          android:text = "1"           >            < requestFocus />      </ EditText >        < Button          android:id = "@+id/db_button1"          android:layout_width = "match_parent"          android:layout_height = "wrap_content"          android:clickable = "true"          android:onClick = "handleEvent"          android:text = "add " />        < Button          android:id = "@+id/db_button2"          android:layout_width = "match_parent"          android:layout_height = "wrap_content"          android:clickable = "true"          android:onClick = "handleEvent"          android:text = "delete" />        < Button          android:id = "@+id/db_button3"          android:layout_width = "match_parent"          android:layout_height = "wrap_content"          android:clickable = "true"          android:onClick = "handleEvent"          android:text = "update" />        < Button          android:id = "@+id/db_button4"          android:layout_width = "match_parent"          android:layout_height = "wrap_content"          android:clickable = "true"          android:onClick = "handleEvent"          android:text = "query" />   </ LinearLayout >

测试类TestDBAct.java：

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package cn.helloclq.android.activity;   import blockcheng.android.R; import blockcheng.android.model.AdvertisementEntity; import blockcheng.android.service.database.DBManager; import android.app.Activity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.View; import android.widget.EditText;   public class TestDBAct extends Activity {        EditText etCondition;      @Override      protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {          super .onCreate(savedInstanceState);          setContentView(R.layout.dbtest_activity);          etCondition = (EditText)findViewById(R.id.et_condition);                }                  public void handleEvent(View view){            String adIdString = etCondition.getText().toString();          AdvertisementEntity aEntity = new AdvertisementEntity();          aEntity.setEntityId(adIdString);          aEntity.setEntityName( "ad" +adIdString);          aEntity.setAdType(Integer.parseInt(adIdString));          aEntity.setAdTarget(adIdString);                              //public WebTaskTest(Context context, boolean showDialog, //      boolean cancelAble, String dialogLoadingStr, //      WebRequestCallbackInfc cb)          switch (view.getId()) {          case R.id.db_button1: //add              DBManager.getInstance().addAdvertiseMent(getContentResolver(), aEntity);              break ;          case R.id.db_button2: //delete              DBManager.getInstance().deleteAdvertiseMentById(getContentResolver(), adIdString);                            break ;          case R.id.db_button3: //update              aEntity.setEntityName( "ad update" +adIdString);              DBManager.getInstance().updateAdervertiseEntity(getContentResolver(), aEntity);              break ;          case R.id.db_button4: //query              DBManager.getInstance().querAllAdvertisementEntity(getContentResolver());              break ;                    }                                    }             }

运行效果图：

运行日志：

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08-07 10:52:50.305: I /blockcheng (458): query::content: //blockcheng .android /AdvertisementEntity/1 08-07 10:52:50.415: I /blockcheng (458): createAdSql::CREATE TABLE 'AdvertisementEntity' ( 'adId'  TEXT NOT NULL, 'adName'  TEXT, 'lastUpdateTime'  real DEFAULT 0, 'adType'  INTEGER, 'adPic'  TEXT, 'adTarget'  TEXT,PRIMARY KEY ( 'adId' )); 08-07 10:52:50.434: I /blockcheng (458): insert::content: //blockcheng .android /AdvertisementEntity 08-07 10:52:50.455: I /blockcheng (458): addAdvertiseMent::AdvertisementEntity [ id =1, name=ad1, lastUpdateTime=0adPic= null, adType=1, adTarget=1, adPosition=0, data=null] id =1, name=ad1, lastUpdateTime=0 08-07 10:53:08.567: I /blockcheng (458): query::content: //blockcheng .android /AdvertisementEntity 08-07 10:53:08.575: I /blockcheng (458): ad:AdvertisementEntity [ id =1, name=ad1, lastUpdateTime=1375843970443adPic= 1, adType=1, adTarget=null, adPosition=0, data=null] id =1, name=ad1, lastUpdateTime=1375843970443 08-07 10:53:15.585: I /blockcheng (458): update::content: //blockcheng .android /AdvertisementEntity : value=adTarget=1 adType=1 adPic=null adId=1 lastUpdateTime=1375843995585 adName=ad update1 08-07 10:53:15.585: I /blockcheng (458): update::sADVERTISEMENT 08-07 10:53:17.355: I /blockcheng (458): delete::content: //blockcheng .android /AdvertisementEntity/1 08-07 10:53:18.835: I /blockcheng (458): query::content: //blockcheng .android /AdvertisementEntity

麻雀虽小，五脏俱全，加多张表的话，也是如此的，就这样吧，都写了好一会儿了。

补充manifest文件：

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<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "utf-8" ?> < manifest xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"      package = "blockcheng.android"      android:versionCode = "1"      android:versionName = "1.0" >      < uses-sdk          android:minSdkVersion = "4"          android:targetSdkVersion = "17" />        < uses-permission android:name = "android.permission.RECEIVE_USER_PRESENT" />      < uses-permission android:name = "android.permission.INTERNET" />      < uses-permission android:name = "android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />      < uses-permission android:name = "android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />      < uses-permission android:name = "android.permission.MOUNT_UNMOUNT_FILESYSTEMS" />      < uses-permission android:name = "android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE" />      < uses-permission android:name = "android.permission.SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW" />       < uses-permission android:name = "android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE" />      < uses-permission android:name = "android.permission.READ_LOGS" ></ uses-permission >      < application          android:allowBackup = "true"          android:label = "@string/app_name"           >           < activity              android:name = "cn.helloclq.android.activity.TestAct"              android:label = "@string/app_name"              android:configChanges = "mcc|mnc|locale|touchscreen|keyboard|keyboardHidden|navigation|screenLayout|fontScale|uiMode|orientation"              android:screenOrientation = "portrait" >          </ activity >           < activity              android:name = "cn.helloclq.android.activity.TestDBAct"              android:label = "@string/app_name"              android:configChanges = "mcc|mnc|locale|touchscreen|keyboard|keyboardHidden|navigation|screenLayout|fontScale|uiMode|orientation"              android:screenOrientation = "portrait" >              < intent-filter >                  < action android:name = "android.intent.action.MAIN" />                  < category android:name = "android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />              </ intent-filter >          </ activity >          < provider              android:exported = "false"              android:authorities = "blockcheng.android"              android:name = "blockcheng.android.service.database.DemoContentProvider" />                </ application >   </ manifest >