Dubbo 入门教程与实战(一)上

目录

dubbo前言

dubbo学习网址

项目dubbo-demo实战篇

(实战一)dubbo-demo-api定义

(实战二)dubbo-demo-provider实现

(实战三)dubbo-demo-consumer实现

dubbo-demo资源下载

本篇实战总结


  • dubbo前言

Dubbo是高性能的,基于java的RPC框架,RPC框架之前的文章有讲过可以看一下。

  • dubbo学习网址

  1. 官网:http://dubbo.io/
  2. 中文网:http://dubbo.apache.org/zh-cn/

进不去请点击中文网,快速开发

  • 项目dubbo-demo实战篇

1)先创建如图所示的项目结构【接口、服务提供者、消费者】

2)dubbo-demo/pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.imooc</groupId>
    <artifactId>dubbo-demo</artifactId>
    <packaging>pom</packaging>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <modules>
        <module>dubbo-demo-provider</module>
        <module>dubbo-demo-api</module>
        <module>dubbo-demo-consumer</module>
    </modules>
    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>

        <!-- spring版本号 -->
        <spring.version>4.2.5.RELEASE</spring.version>

        <!-- log4j日志包版本号 -->
        <slf4j.version>1.7.18</slf4j.version>
        <log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>

    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <!-- 添加spring核心依赖 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- spring 结束 -->

        <!-- 添加日志相关jar包 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>${log4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
            <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
            <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- log end -->


        <!-- zeekeeper注册中心 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
            <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
            <version>3.4.9</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.101tec</groupId>
            <artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>
            <version>0.10</version>
        </dependency>


        <!-- dubbo -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
            <version>2.5.3</version>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>
</project>
  • (实战一)dubbo-demo-api定义

  1. 根据快速文档新增 dubbo-demo/dubbo-demo-api/src/main/java/org/apache/dubbo/demo/DemoService.java
    package org.apache.dubbo.demo;
    
    /**
     * @Description : api
     * @Auth : Xuhy
     * @Date : 2019-02-04
     * @Time : 21:58
     */
    public interface DemoService {
        String sayHello(String name);
    }
  2.  修改 dubbo-demo/dubbo-demo-api/pom.xml 文件内容,如图所示
  3.  具体 pom.xml 如下
    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    
        <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    
        <artifactId>dubbo-demo-api</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.imooc</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </project>
  • (实战二)dubbo-demo-provider实现

  1. Implement service provider

1)根据快速开发文档,创建服务实现类DemoServiceImpl

package org.apache.dubbo.demo.provider;

import org.apache.dubbo.demo.DemoService;

/**
 * @Description : 在服务提供方实现接口
 * @Auth : Xuhy
 * @Date : 2019-02-04
 * @Time : 22:14
 */
public class DemoServiceImpl implements DemoService {

    @Override
    public String sayHello(String name) {
        return "Hello " + name;
    }
}

 

  1. Configure service provider

1.1 配置篇 resource/dubbo-provider.xml值得注意的是将快速开发的provider.xml直接粘贴过来会报错误!!!找不到配置文件。无论你用什么读法就是读不到,所以将原先的配置文件部分修改如下所示。。。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo
       http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd">


    <!-- 提供方应用信息,用于计算依赖关系 -->
    <dubbo:application name="hello-world-app"/>

    <!--使用 zookeeper 注册中心暴露服务,注意要先开启 zookeeper-->
    <dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://localhost:2181"/>
    <!-- 使用multicast广播注册中心暴露服务地址 -->
    <!--<dubbo:registry address="multicast://224.5.6.7:1234"/>-->

    <!-- 用dubbo协议在20880端口暴露服务 -->
    <dubbo:protocol name="dubbo" port="20880"/>

    <!-- 声明需要暴露的服务接口 -->
    <dubbo:service interface="org.apache.dubbo.demo.DemoService" ref="demoService"/>

    <!-- 和本地bean一样实现服务 -->
    <bean id="demoService" class="org.apache.dubbo.demo.provider.DemoServiceImpl"/>
</beans>

1.2 配置篇 新增log4j(resource/log4j.xml)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE log4j:configuration SYSTEM "log4j.dtd">
<log4j:configuration xmlns:log4j="http://jakarta.apache.org/log4j/" debug="false">
    <appender name="CONSOLE" class="org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender">
        <layout class="org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout">
            <param name="ConversionPattern" value="[%d{dd/MM/yy hh:mm:ss:sss z}] %t %5p %c{2}: %m%n" />
        </layout>
    </appender>
    <root>
        <level value="INFO" />
        <appender-ref ref="CONSOLE" />
    </root>
</log4j:configuration>

 

  1. Start service provider(准备一个启动类)

 3.1)导入对应pom文件,支持ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.class,如果是这个class报错 再导入

<!-- 导入pom文件jar -->
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-context -->
<dependency>
	<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
	<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
	<version>4.3.14.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

3.2)编写启动类MainProvider

package org.apache.dubbo.demo.provider;

import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

/**
 * @Description : Start service provider
 * @Auth : Xuhy
 * @Date : 2019-02-04
 * @Time : 22:23
 */
public class MainProvider {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("dubbo-provider.xml");
        context.start();
        System.err.print("启动成功!"); // 按任意键退出
        System.in.read(); // 按任意键退出
    }
}

3)启动篇

3.1 如果使用Intellij Idea 广播模式:请加上-Djava.net.preferIPv4Stack=true,也可以利用zookeeper启动

zookeeper3.4.10下载地址:https://mirrors.cnnic.cn/apache/zookeeper/zookeeper-3.4.10/(解压到本地,并进入其conf目录,重命名zoo_sample.cfg为zoo.cfg即可,其余无需改动。windows启动方式:zookeeper-3.4.10/bin下的zkServer)

3.2 run MainProvider.java

  • (实战三)dubbo-demo-consumer实现

  1. Consumer.java

    package com.alibaba.dubbo.consumer;
    
    import org.apache.dubbo.demo.DemoService;
    import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
    
    /**
     * @Description : 加载Spring配置,并调用远程服务
     * @Auth : Xuhy
     * @Date : 2019-02-06
     * @Time : 17:37
     */
    public class Consumer {
        public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
            ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("consumer.xml");
            context.start();
            System.err.println("consumer start");
            DemoService demoService = (DemoService)context.getBean("demoService"); // 获取远程服务代理
            String hello = demoService.sayHello("world"); // 执行远程方法
            System.out.println( hello ); // 显示调用结果
        }
    }

     

  2.  配置篇 resource/consumer.xml

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
           xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
           xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"
           xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
           http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd">
    
        <!-- 消费方应用名,用于计算依赖关系,不是匹配条件,不要与提供方一样 -->
        <dubbo:application name="consumer-of-helloworld-app"  />
    
        <!--向 zookeeper 订阅 provider 的地址,由 zookeeper 定时推送-->
        <dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://localhost:2181"/>
        <!-- 使用multicast广播注册中心暴露发现服务地址 -->
        <!--<dubbo:registry address="multicast://224.5.6.7:1234" />-->
    
        <!-- 生成远程服务代理,可以和本地bean一样使用demoService -->
        <dubbo:reference id="demoService" interface="org.apache.dubbo.demo.DemoService" />
    </beans>
  3. 配置篇 resource/log4j.xml

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <!DOCTYPE log4j:configuration SYSTEM "log4j.dtd">
    <log4j:configuration xmlns:log4j="http://jakarta.apache.org/log4j/" debug="false">
        <appender name="CONSOLE" class="org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender">
            <layout class="org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout">
                <param name="ConversionPattern" value="[%d{dd/MM/yy hh:mm:ss:sss z}] %t %5p %c{2}: %m%n" />
            </layout>
        </appender>
        <root>
            <level value="INFO" />
            <appender-ref ref="CONSOLE" />
        </root>
    </log4j:configuration>

     


  • dubbo-demo资源下载

下载地址:正在审核中。。。。。

  • 本篇实战总结

遇见问题:

1、加载不出来配置信息,我将provider和consumer的xml文件除了log4j都修改了;

2、启动偶而不成功问题,如果你用了zookeeper启动,都要用它来启动,不能一个广播一个zookeeper;

3、都用广告启动不成功问题,这个我也遇见了,provider用广播,consumer也用广播,启动不成功!不知道为啥,也配置了Vm option,没有用!

所以上面的案例全部修改为zookeeper启动

 

 

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