Hibernate 学习笔记/代码(双向一对多)

最新推荐文章于 2021-04-15 12:11:50 发布

Simba_cheng

最新推荐文章于 2021-04-15 12:11:50 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/Simba_cheng/article/details/50408920

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先来张代码结构图

先是实体类

Student

package com.hibernate.entity;

public class Student {
	
	private int sid;
	public int getSid() {
		return sid;
	}

	public void setSid(int sid) {
		this.sid = sid;
	}

	private String sname;
	private String sex;
	
	//在多方定义一个 一方的引用
	private Grade grade;

	public String getSname() {
		return sname;
	}

	public void setSname(String sname) {
		this.sname = sname;
	}

	public String getSex() {
		return sex;
	}

	public void setSex(String sex) {
		this.sex = sex;
	}

	public Student() {
//		super();
	}

	public Student(String sname, String sex) {
//		super();
		this.sname = sname;
		this.sex = sex;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Student [sid=" + sid + ", sname=" + sname + ", sex=" + sex
				+ ", grade=" + grade + "]";
	}

	public Grade getGrade() {
		return grade;
	}

	public void setGrade(Grade grade) {
		this.grade = grade;
	}
}

Grade类

package com.hibernate.entity;

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;


public class Grade {
	
	private int gid;
	private String gname;
	private String gdesc;

	private Set<Student> student = new HashSet<Student>();
	
	
	
	public Set<Student> getStudent() {
		return student;
	}

	public void setStudent(Set<Student> student) {
		this.student = student;
	}

	public int getGid() {
		return gid;
	}

	public void setGid(int gid) {
		this.gid = gid;
	}

	public String getGname() {
		return gname;
	}

	public void setGname(String gname) {
		this.gname = gname;
	}

	public String getGdesc() {
		return gdesc;
	}

	public void setGdesc(String gdesc) {
		this.gdesc = gdesc;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Grade [gid=" + gid + ", gname=" + gname + ", gdesc=" + gdesc
				+ "]";
	}

	public Grade(String gname, String gdesc) {
//		super();
		this.gname = gname;
		this.gdesc = gdesc;
	}

	public Grade() {
//		super();
	}
}

hibernate 实体类的配置文件

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
        "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
        "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">

<!-- 班级对象关系映射 -->
<hibernate-mapping>
    <class name="com.hibernate.entity.Grade" table="grade" >
    	<id name="gid" type="integer" column="gid">    		
    		<generator class="increment"/>
    	</id>
    	<property name="gname" type="string" column="gname" not-null="true" length="20"></property>
    	<property name="gdesc" column="gdesc"></property>
    	    	
    	<!-- 设置inverse属性为true,由多方维护关联关系       当进行保存和更新时,自动进行级联的操作 -->
    	<set name="student" table="student" inverse="true" cascade="save-update">
    		<key column="gid"></key>
    		<one-to-many class="com.hibernate.entity.Student"/>
    	</set>
    	
    	<!-- 
    		cascade属性
    		当设置了cascade属性不为none时,Hibernate会自动持久化所关联的对象
    		cascade属性的设置会带来性能上的变动,需谨慎!
    		属性:
    			all :	对所有操作进行级联操作
    			save-update:执行保存和更新操作时进行级联操作
    			delete:执行删除操作时,进行级联操作
    			nono:对所有操作不进行级联操作
    	 -->
    	
    	<!-- 
    		<Set>节点的inverse属性指定关联关系的控制方向,默认由one方来维护
    		关联关系中,inverse = false,则为主动方,由主动方负责维护关联关系
    		在一对多关联中,只能设置one方的inverse为true,这将有助于性能的改善
    	 -->
    	
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
        "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
        "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">

<!-- 学生的对象关系映射 -->
<hibernate-mapping>
    <class name="com.hibernate.entity.Student"  table="student">
    	<id name="sid" type="int" column="sid">
    		<generator class="increment"/>
    	</id>
    	<property name="sname" type="java.lang.String" column="sname" length="20" not-null="true"></property>
    	<property name="sex" type="java.lang.String" column="sex"></property>
    	
    	<!-- 配置多对一关联关系 name:就是实体类中引用的属性名称-->
    	<many-to-one name="grade" class="com.hibernate.entity.Grade" column="gid" cascade="all"></many-to-one>
    																																																		
    </class>

</hibernate-mapping>

hibernate主配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
		"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
		"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
    <session-factory>
    	<property name="connection.username">root</property>		<!-- 数据库用户名 -->
		<property name="connection.password">1234</property>		<!-- 数据库密码 -->
		<property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property><!-- 数据库驱动 -->
		<!-- 数据库地址 -->
		<property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?user=root&password=1234&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8</property>
		<property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property><!-- mysql 数据库方言 -->
		
		
		<property name="show_sql">true</property>		
		<property name="format_sql">false</property>		
		<property name="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
		
		<mapping resource="com/hibernate/entity/Grade.hbm.xml"/>
		<mapping resource="com/hibernate/entity/Student.hbm.xml"/>
		
    </session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

GetSession 工具类

package com.hibernate.util;

import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistry;
import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistryBuilder;

public class HibernateUtil {
	private static SessionFactory sessionFactory;
	private static Session session;

	static{
		//创建配置对象
		Configuration config = new Configuration().configure();
		//创建服务注册对象
		ServiceRegistry serviceRegistry = new ServiceRegistryBuilder().applySettings(config.getProperties()).buildServiceRegistry();
		//创建会话工厂对象
		sessionFactory = config.buildSessionFactory(serviceRegistry);
		//创建会话对象
		session = sessionFactory.openSession();
	}
	
	//获取sessionFactory
	public static SessionFactory getSessionFactory(){
		return sessionFactory;
	}
	
	//获取session
	public static Session getSession(){
		session = sessionFactory.openSession();
		return session;
	}
	
	//关闭session
	public static void closeSession(Session session){
		if(session != null){
			session.close();
		}
	}

}

测试代码:

package com.hibernate.test;

import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.junit.Test;

import com.hibernate.entity.Grade;
import com.hibernate.entity.Student;
import com.hibernate.util.HibernateUtil;

/**
 * 单向多对一
 * 学生--> 班级
 * 
 * 实际上已建立了双向的一对多,也称为双向多对一
 * 即可以方便的由学生查找到对应的班级信息,也可以方便的由班级查找到其所包含的学生信息
 * @author cyx
 *
 */
public class TestManyToOne {
	private Session session;
	private Transaction transaction;
	private HibernateUtil hibernateUtil;
	
	
	
	/**
	 * 双向
	 */
	@Test
	public void save(){
		try{
			session = hibernateUtil.getSession();
			transaction = session.beginTransaction();
			
			Grade grade = new Grade("JavaScript一班","软件开发");
			Student stu1 = new Student("小小","女");
			Student stu2 = new Student("大大","男");
			
			//设置关联    
			grade.getStudent().add(stu1);
			grade.getStudent().add(stu2);
			stu1.setGrade(grade);
			stu2.setGrade(grade);
			
			session.save(grade);
			//保存班级时候,班级中有学生,并且学生不存在于数据库,自动将学生保存到数据库中
			//保存班级的时候,班级就已经有了学生的信息,还要讲学生信息在保存一遍会很麻烦..
			//可以使用级联的操作
//			session.save(stu1);
//			session.save(stu2);
			
			transaction.commit();			
		}catch(Exception e){
			e.printStackTrace();
			transaction.rollback();
		}finally{
			if(session != null){
				hibernateUtil.closeSession(session);
			}
		}
	}
	
	
	
	@Test
	public void findGroudByStudent(){
		try{
			
			session = hibernateUtil.getSession();
			
			Student student = (Student)session.get(Student.class, 1);
			System.out.println(student.getSid()+","+student.getSname()+","+student.getSex());;
			
			Grade grade = student.getGrade();
			System.out.println(grade.getGid()+","+grade.getGname()+","+grade.getGdesc());
			
		}catch(Exception e){
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
}