Android中日历控件的使用

一.概述

因为项目中要用到选择日期的功能，所以特此来研究一下相关方面的知识，总结一下，也为了以后使用起来更加方便。

二.介绍

Android中自带了两个控件，DatePicker和TimePicker，分别用来选择日期和时间的，我们看看如何使用。

使用一

布局文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context="com.example.calendardemo.MainActivity">
    <DatePicker
        android:id="@+id/datepicker"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:calendarViewShown="true"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>
    <TimePicker
        android:id="@+id/timepicker"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>
</LinearLayout>

这里有句代码控制是否显示日历视图

 android:calendarViewShown="true"

代码

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private DatePicker datePicker;
    private TimePicker timePicker;
    private int year;
    private int month;
    private int day;
    private int hour;
    private int minute;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        datePicker = (DatePicker) findViewById(R.id.datepicker);
        timePicker = (TimePicker) findViewById(R.id.timepicker);
        timePicker.setIs24HourView(true);
        initData();
    }
    public void initData(){
        Calendar calendar = Calendar.getInstance();
        year = calendar.get(Calendar.YEAR);
        month = calendar.get(Calendar.MONTH);
        day = calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH);
        hour = calendar.get(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY);
        minute = calendar.get(Calendar.MINUTE);
        datePicker.init(year, month, day, new DatePicker.OnDateChangedListener() {
            @Override
            public void onDateChanged(DatePicker view, int year, int monthOfYear, int dayOfMonth) {
                Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, year+"年"+monthOfYear+"月"+dayOfMonth+"日", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        });
        timePicker.setOnTimeChangedListener(new TimePicker.OnTimeChangedListener() {
            @Override
            public void onTimeChanged(TimePicker view, int hourOfDay, int minute) {
                Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, hourOfDay+"时"+minute+"分", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        });
    }
}

效果图

我们将代码改成如下

 android:calendarViewShown="false"

效果图

可以看到日历控件已经没有了。

使用二

有时候我们需要将两个控件显示到一起，也就是水平排列，这时候怎么做呢，是不是修改布局文件就可以了呢？我们试试，我们把最外层的线性布局方向改为水平方向

我们看到时间控件显示不全了，接下来我们再将两个控件的weight都设置为1，让它们平分水平方向距离

这时候日期控件又显示不全了。

通过上面两种方式，说明我们如果将两个控件显示到一起的话会出现问题，下面我们来看看解决方案。

使用三

接下来我们要解决的就是如何让这两个控件显示在一起，并且都完整显示。
我们先看效果图

我们可以看到两个控件已经全部显示在了对话框中，下面直接给出实现代码

public class ChooseDateDialog  {
    private static DatePicker datePicker;
    private static TimePicker timePicker;
    private int mYear;
    private int mMonth;
    private int mDay;
    private int mHour;
    private int mMinute;
    public  void showDialog(Context context, final EditText editText) {
        View view = View.inflate(context, R.layout.dialog_date_time_layout, null);
        datePicker = (DatePicker) view.findViewById(R.id.date_picker);
        timePicker = (TimePicker) view.findViewById(R.id.time_picker);
        timePicker.setIs24HourView(true);
        resizePikcer(datePicker);
        resizePikcer(timePicker);
        initData();
        new AlertDialog.Builder(context).setTitle("请选择日期").setView(view).setNegativeButton("取消", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                dialog.dismiss();
            }
        }).setPositiveButton("确定", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                SimpleDateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm");
                GregorianCalendar gregorianCalendar = new GregorianCalendar(mYear,mMonth,mDay,mHour,mMinute);
                String result = format.format(gregorianCalendar.getTime());
                editText.setText(result);
                dialog.dismiss();
            }
        }).create().show();
    };
    public void initData(){
        Calendar calendar = Calendar.getInstance();
        mYear = calendar.get(Calendar.YEAR);
        mMonth = calendar.get(Calendar.MONTH);
        mDay = calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH);
        mHour = calendar.get(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY);
        mMinute = calendar.get(Calendar.MINUTE);
        datePicker.init(mYear, mMonth, mDay, new DatePicker.OnDateChangedListener() {
            @Override
            public void onDateChanged(DatePicker view, int year, int monthOfYear, int dayOfMonth) {
                mYear = year;
                mMonth = monthOfYear;
                mDay = dayOfMonth;
            }
        });
        timePicker.setOnTimeChangedListener(new TimePicker.OnTimeChangedListener() {
            @Override
            public void onTimeChanged(TimePicker view, int hourOfDay, int minute) {
                mHour = hourOfDay;
                mMinute = minute;
            }
        });
    }
    private void resizePikcer(FrameLayout tp){
        List<NumberPicker> npList = findNumberPicker(tp);
        for(NumberPicker np:npList){
            resizeNumberPicker(np);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 得到viewGroup里面的numberpicker组件
     * @param viewGroup
     * @return
     */
    private List<NumberPicker> findNumberPicker(ViewGroup viewGroup){
        List<NumberPicker> npList = new ArrayList<NumberPicker>();
        View child = null;
        if(null != viewGroup){
            for(int i = 0; i < viewGroup.getChildCount(); i++){
                child = viewGroup.getChildAt(i);
                if(child instanceof NumberPicker){
                    npList.add((NumberPicker)child);
                }
                else if(child instanceof LinearLayout){
                    List<NumberPicker> result = findNumberPicker((ViewGroup)child);
                    if(result.size()>0){
                        return result;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        return npList;
    }
    /*
     * 调整numberpicker大小
     */
    private void resizeNumberPicker(NumberPicker np){
        LinearLayout.LayoutParams params = new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT, LinearLayout.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);
        np.setLayoutParams(params);
    }
}