无频闪的控制台小程序——贪吃蛇

#include<iostream>
#include<vector>
#include<random>
#include<ctime>
#include <Windows.h>
#include"conio.h"

const int height = 20;
const int width = 20;

using namespace std;
class Snake {
private:
	int len;
	int x ,y, foodx, foody,score;
	enum eDirection{STOP=0,UP,RIGHT,DOWN,LEFT};
	eDirection dir;
	int nTail;
	int tail_x[100], tail_y[100];
	HANDLE hOutput, hOutBuf;
	COORD coord = { 0,0 };
	DWORD bytes = 0;
	char data[height + 2][width + 2];
	bool switchOver;
public:
	bool gameOver;
	Snake() {
		dir = STOP;
		nTail = 0;
		score = 0;
		gameOver = false;
		switchOver = false;
		creatFood();
		x = 9,y = 9;
		double_buff_init();
	}
	
	void double_buff_init() {
		
		hOutBuf = CreateConsoleScreenBuffer(
			GENERIC_WRITE,
			FILE_SHARE_WRITE,
			NULL,
			CONSOLE_TEXTMODE_BUFFER,
			NULL
		);
		hOutput = CreateConsoleScreenBuffer(
			GENERIC_WRITE,
			FILE_SHARE_WRITE,
			NULL,
			CONSOLE_TEXTMODE_BUFFER,
			NULL
		);
		
		CONSOLE_CURSOR_INFO cci;
		cci.bVisible = 0;
		cci.dwSize = 1;
		SetConsoleCursorInfo(hOutput, &cci);
		SetConsoleCursorInfo(hOutBuf, &cci);
	}

	void creatFood() {
		std::default_random_engine e(time(0));
		std::uniform_int_distribution<int> distx(1, height-1);
		std::uniform_int_distribution<int> disty(1, width-1);
		while (1) {
			foodx = distx(e);
			foody = disty(e);
			if (foodx == x && foody == y)
				continue;
			break;
		}
	}
	void Input() {
		if (kbhit()) {
			switch (getch()) {
			case 'w':
				dir = UP;
				break;
			case 'd':
				dir = RIGHT;
				break;
			case 's':
				dir = DOWN;
				break;
			case 'a':
				dir = LEFT;
				break;
			case 'x':
				gameOver = true;
				break;
			}
		}
	}
	void Move() {
		int tempx,tempy;
		int prex = tail_x[0];
		int prey = tail_y[0];
		tail_x[0] = x;
		tail_y[0] = y;
		for (int i = 1; i < nTail;i++) {
			tempx = tail_x[i];
			tempy = tail_y[i];
			tail_x[i] = prex;
			tail_y[i] = prey;
			prex = tempx;
			prey = tempy;
		}
		switch (dir)
		{
		case UP:
			y--;
			break;
		case RIGHT:
			x++;
			break;
		case DOWN:
			y++;
			break;
		case LEFT:
			x--;
			break;
		default:
			break;
		}
		for (int i = 0; i < nTail; i++) {
			if (tail_x[i] == x && tail_y[i] == y)
				gameOver = true;
		}
		if (x == foodx && y == foody) {
			nTail++;
			score += 10;
			creatFood();
		}
		/*if (x<0 || x>width || y<0 || y>height)
			gameOver = true;*/
		if (x >= height) x = 1; else if (x < 0) x = height - 1;
		if (y >= width) y = 1; else if (y < 0) y = width - 1;
	}

	void draw() {
		for (int i = 0; i < width ; i++)
			data[0][i] = '#';
		cout << '\n';
		char a = ' ';
		for (int i = 1; i < height - -1; i++) {
			for (int j = 0; j < width; j++) {
				if (j == 0 || j == width - 1)
					a = '#';
				else {
					if (x == j && y == i)
						a = 'O';
					else if (foodx == j && foody == i) {
						a = '*';
					}
					else{
						bool print = false;
						for (int k = 0; k < nTail; k++) {
							if (tail_x[k] == j && tail_y[k] == i)
							{
								a = 'o';
								print = true;
							}
						}
						if (!print)
							a = ' ';
					}
				}
				data[i][j] = a;
			}
			cout << '\n';
		}
		for (int i = 0; i < width; i++) 
			data[height - 1][i] = '#';
		cout << '\n';

		
		if (!switchOver) {
			for (int i = 0; i < height; i++) {
				coord.Y = i;
				WriteConsoleOutputCharacterA(hOutBuf, data[i], width, coord, &bytes);
			}
			SetConsoleActiveScreenBuffer(hOutBuf);
		}
		else {
			for (int i = 0; i < height; i++) {
				coord.Y = i;
				WriteConsoleOutputCharacterA(hOutput, data[i], width, coord, &bytes);
			}
			SetConsoleActiveScreenBuffer(hOutput);
		}
		switchOver = !switchOver;
		Sleep(200);
	}
	
};
int main() {
	Snake snake = Snake();
	while (!snake.gameOver) {
		snake.draw();
		snake.Input();
		snake.Move();
	}
	return 0;
}