Android Service完整的下载管理代码

定义一个下载接口
public interface DownloadListener {
void onProgress(int progress);
void onSuccess();
void onFailed();
void onPause();
void onCanceled();
}
这个回调接口是为了对于下载过程中的各种状态的监听和回调

定义一个下载任务类
package com.example.snake.servicebestpractice;

import android.os.AsyncTask;
import android.os.Environment;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.RandomAccessFile;
import okhttp3.OkHttpClient;
import okhttp3.Response;
import okhttp3.Request;

/**

• Created by Snake on 2020/9/6.
  */
  public class DownloadTask extends AsyncTask<String, Integer, Integer> {
  public static final int TYPE_SUCCESS = 0;
  public static final int TYPE_FAILED = 1;
  public static final int TYPE_PAUSE = 2;
  public static final int TYPE_CNACELED = 3;

  private DownloadListener listener;
  private boolean isCanceled = false;
  private boolean isPaused = false;
  private int lastProgress;

  public DownloadTask(DownloadListener listener){
  this.listener = listener;
  }

  @Override
  protected Integer doInBackground(String… params) {
  InputStream is = null;
  RandomAccessFile savedFile = null;
  File file = null;
  try {
  long downloadedLength = 0;//记录已下载文件长度
  String downloadUrl = params[0];
  String fileName = downloadUrl.substring(downloadUrl.lastIndexOf("/"));
  String directory = Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_DOWNLOADS).getPath();
  file = new File(directory + fileName);
  if(file.exists()){
  downloadedLength = file.length();
  }
  long contentLength =getContentLength(downloadUrl);
  if (contentLength == 0){
  return TYPE_FAILED;
  }
  else if (contentLength == downloadedLength) {
  return TYPE_SUCCESS;
  }
  OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();
  Request request = new Request.Builder()
  //断点下载，指定从哪个字节开始下载
  .addHeader(“RANGE”, “byte=” + downloadedLength + “-”)
  .url(downloadUrl)
  .build();
  Response response = client.newCall(request).execute();
  if (response != null) {
  is = response.body().byteStream();
  savedFile = new RandomAccessFile(file, “rw”);
  savedFile.seek(downloadedLength);
  byte[] b = new byte[1024];
  int total = 0;
  int len;
  while ((len = is.read(b)) != -1){
  if(isCanceled) {
  return TYPE_CNACELED;
  }
  else if (isPaused) {
  return TYPE_PAUSE;
  }
  else {
  total += len;
  savedFile.write(b, 0, len);
  //计算下载百分比
  int progress = (int) ((total + downloadedLength) * 100 / contentLength);
  publishProgress(progress);
  }
  }
  response.body().close();
  return TYPE_SUCCESS;
  }

   } catch (Exception e){
       e.printStackTrace();
   } finally {
       try {
           if (is != null) {
               is.close();
           }
           if (savedFile != null){
               savedFile.close();
           }
           if(isCanceled && file != null) {
               file.delete();
           }
       }catch (Exception e) {
           e.printStackTrace();
       }
   }
   return TYPE_FAILED;
  

  }

  @Override
  protected void onProgressUpdate(Integer… values) {
  int progress = values[0];
  if (progress > lastProgress) {
  listener.onProgress(progress);
  lastProgress = progress;
  }
  }

  @Override
  protected void onPostExecute(Integer status) {
  switch (status) {
  case TYPE_SUCCESS:
  listener.onSuccess();
  break;
  case TYPE_FAILED:
  listener.onFailed();
  break;
  case TYPE_PAUSE:
  listener.onPause();
  break;
  case TYPE_CNACELED:
  listener.onCanceled();
  break;
  default:
  break;
  }
  }
  public void pauseDownload() {
  isPaused = true;
  }
  public void cancelDownload() {
  isCanceled = true;

  }
  private long getContentLength(String downloadUrl) throws IOException {
  OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();
  Request request = new Request.Builder()
  .url(downloadUrl)
  .build();

   Response reponse = client.newCall(request).execute();
   if(reponse != null && reponse.isSuccessful()){
       long contentleng =reponse.body().contentLength();
       reponse.body().close();
       return contentleng;
   }
   return 0;
  

  }
  }
  这是完成了具体的下载功能，要想一直保持在后台运行需要创建一个下载的服务；

再建一个下载的Service
package com.example.snake.servicebestpractice;

import android.app.Notification;
import android.app.NotificationManager;
import android.app.PendingIntent;
import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.os.Binder;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.support.v7.app.NotificationCompat;
import android.widget.Toast;

import java.io.File;

public class DownloadService extends Service {
private DownloadTask downloadTask;
private String downloadUrl;
private DownloadListener listener= new DownloadListener(){
@Override
public void onProgress(int progress) {
getNotificationManager().notify(1, getNotification(“Downloading…”, progress));
}

    @Override
    public void onSuccess() {
        downloadTask = null;
        //下载成功是将前台服务通知关闭，并创建一个下载成功的通知
        stopForeground(true);
        getNotificationManager().notify(1, getNotification("Download Success", -1));
        Toast.makeText(DownloadService.this,"Download success", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    }

    @Override
    public void onFailed() {
        downloadTask = null;
        //下载成功是将前台服务通知关闭，并创建一个下载失败的通知
        stopForeground(true);
        getNotificationManager().notify(1, getNotification("Download failed", -1));
        Toast.makeText(DownloadService.this,"Download failed", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    }

    @Override
    public void onPause() {
        downloadTask = null;
        Toast.makeText(DownloadService.this,"Paused", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    }

    @Override
    public void onCanceled() {
        downloadTask = null;
        stopForeground(true);
        Toast.makeText(DownloadService.this,"Canceled", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    }
} ;
public DownloadService() {
}
private DownloadBinder mBinder = new DownloadBinder();
class DownloadBinder extends Binder{
    public void startDownload(String url){
        if(downloadTask == null){
            downloadUrl = url;
            downloadTask = new DownloadTask(listener);
            downloadTask.execute(downloadUrl);
            startForeground(1,getNotification("Downloading...",0));
            Toast.makeText(DownloadService.this,"Downloading ..",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    }
    public void pauseDownload(){
        if(downloadTask != null){
            downloadTask.pauseDownload();
        }
    }
    public void cancelDownload(){
        if(downloadTask != null){
            downloadTask.cancelDownload();
        }
        else {
            if(downloadUrl != null){
                //取消下载时需将文件删掉，并将通知关闭
                String fileName = downloadUrl.substring(downloadUrl.lastIndexOf("/"));
                String directory = Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_DOWNLOADS).getPath();
                File file = new File(directory + fileName);
                if(file.exists()){
                    file.delete();
                }
                getNotificationManager().cancel(1);
                stopForeground(true);
                Toast.makeText(DownloadService.this,"Canceled ..",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        }
    }
}

private NotificationManager getNotificationManager(){
    return (NotificationManager)getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
}
private Notification getNotification(String title, int progress){
    Intent intent = new Intent(this, MainActivity.class);
    PendingIntent pi = PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0, intent , 0);
    NotificationCompat.Builder builder = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this);
    builder.setSmallIcon(R.mipmap.ic_launcher);
    builder.setLargeIcon(BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(),R.mipmap.ic_launcher));
    builder.setContentIntent(pi);
    builder.setContentTitle(title);
    if(progress >= 0){
        //当progress>= 0时才需要显示进度
        builder.setContentText(progress + "%");
        builder.setProgress(100, progress, false);
    }
    return builder.build();
}
@Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
    return mBinder;
}

}
这完成使下载任务成为一个前台任务

主活动用于启动服务
package com.example.snake.servicebestpractice;

import android.Manifest;

import android.content.ComponentName;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.ServiceConnection;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.support.annotation.NonNull;
import android.support.v4.app.ActivityCompat;
import android.support.v4.content.ContextCompat;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener {

private DownloadService.DownloadBinder downloadBinder;
private ServiceConnection connection = new ServiceConnection() {
    @Override
    public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {
        downloadBinder = (DownloadService.DownloadBinder)service;
    }

    @Override
    public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {

    }
};
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    Button start = (Button)findViewById(R.id.start);
    Button pause = (Button)findViewById(R.id.pause);
    Button cancel = (Button)findViewById(R.id.cancel);
    start.setOnClickListener(this);
    pause.setOnClickListener(this);
    cancel.setOnClickListener(this);
    Intent intent = new Intent(this, DownloadService.class);
    startService(intent);
    bindService(intent,connection,BIND_AUTO_CREATE);//绑定服务
    if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(MainActivity.this, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){
        ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(MainActivity.this,new String[]{ Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE },1);
    }
}

@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
    if(downloadBinder == null){
        return;
    }
    switch (v.getId()){
        case R.id.start:
            String url = "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/guolindev/eclipse/master/eclipse-inst-win64.exe";
            downloadBinder.startDownload(url);
            break;
        case R.id.pause:
            downloadBinder.pauseDownload();
            break;
        case R.id.cancel:
            downloadBinder.cancelDownload();
            break;
        default:
            break;
    }
}

@Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
    switch (requestCode){
        case 1:
            if(grantResults.length > 0 && grantResults[0] != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){
                Toast.makeText(this, "拒绝权限申请无法使用程序", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                finish();
            }
            break;
        default:
    }
}

@Override
protected void onDestroy() {
    super.onDestroy();
    unbindService(connection);
}

}
这里用分别调用了startService（）和BindService（）来启动和捆绑服务保证此服务一直在后台运行

配置的layout就只有三个按键start，pause，canceled

最后别忘了申请权限和一些配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE" />

<application
    android:allowBackup="true"
    android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
    android:label="@string/app_name"
    android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
    android:supportsRtl="true"
    android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
    <activity android:name=".MainActivity">
        <intent-filter>
            <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

            <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
        </intent-filter>
    </activity>

    <service
        android:name=".DownloadService"
        android:enabled="true"
        android:exported="true"></service>

</application>

权限很重要，要是忘了，很有可能导致程序无法运行甚至崩溃