BroadcastReceiver学习笔记

一 理论概述

1. 特点和作用

1). 广播事件处理属于系统级的事件处理(一般事件处理是属于View 级的事件处理)

2). 一个应用可以在发生特定事件时发送 Broadcast ，系统中任何应用只要注册了对应Receiver就会接收到此 Broadcast

3). 一个应用如果对某个广播感兴趣，就可以注册对应的Receiver 来接收广播

4). 广播事件机制是应用程序（进程间）之间通信的一种手段

2. 相关API

1). Context

* sendBroadcast(Intent intent) : 发送一般广播

* sendOrderedBroadcast(Intent intent) : 发送有序广播

* registerReceiver(receiver, intentFilter) : 注册广播接收器

* unRegisterReceiver(receiver) : 解注册广播接收器

2). BroadcastReceiver

* onReceiver(Context context, Intent intent) : 接收到广播的回调

* abortBroadcast() : 中断广播的继续传播

* boolean isOrderedBroadcast() : 判断是否是有序广播

3. 常见广播

收到短信广播 ：android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED

开机完成广播 ： Intent.ACTION_BOOT_COMPLETED 

应用被卸载广播 ： Intent.ACTION_PACKAGE_REMOVED

手机锁屏 ： intent.ACTION_SCREEN_OFF

手机开屏 ： Intent.ACTION_SCREEN_ON 

二 发送广播

1. 发送一般广播

context.sendBroadcast(Intent intent)

2. 发送有序广播

context.sendOrderedBroadcast(Intent intent)

3. 一般广播和有序广播的区别

三 注册广播接收器

1. 广播接收器类都必须继承于BroadcastReceiver类

public class MyReceiver1 extends BroadcastReceiver {
	
	@Override
	public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
		//处理广播
	}
	

}

2. 注册广播接收器

1). 方式一：配置文件注册(静态注册)

<receiver android:name="com.atguigu.l08_br.MyReceiver4">
      <!-- priority指定当前receiver的优先级，最大为0-2147483647 -->
      <intent-filter android:priority="2147483647">
           <action android:name="com.atguigu.l08_br.MyReceiver.action2"/>
      </intent-filter>
</receiver>

2). 方式二：硬编码注册(动态注册)

	//创建receiver对象
	MyReceiver2 receiver = new MyReceiver2();
	//注册receiver
	IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter("com.atguigu.l08_br.MyReceiver1.action");
	//注册receiver
	registerReceiver(receiver , filter );

3). 静态注册与动态注册的区别

四 代码

发送广播类

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    }
    
    /**
     * 发送一般广播
     * @param v
     */
    public void sendNormalBC(View v){
    	Intent intent = new Intent("com.atguigu.l08_br.MyReceiver1.action");
    	intent.putExtra("action", "hehe");
    	sendBroadcast(intent);
    	Toast.makeText(this, "发送一般广播", 0).show();
    }
    
    /**
     * 发送有序广播
     */
    public void sendOrderBC(View v){
    	Intent intent = new Intent("com.atguigu.l08_br.MyReceiver.action2");
    	intent.putExtra("action", "TATA");
		sendOrderedBroadcast(intent , null);
		Toast.makeText(this, "发送有序广播", 0).show();
    }
}

动态注册接收广播

public class MainActivity extends Activity {


    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    }
    


	/**
	 * 动态注册广播接收器
	 * @param v
	 */
    MyReceiver2 receiver;
	public void registBR(View v){
		if(receiver==null){
		//创建receiver对象
		receiver = new MyReceiver2();
		//注册receiver
		IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter("com.atguigu.l08_br.MyReceiver1.action");
		//注册receiver
		registerReceiver(receiver , filter );
		Toast.makeText(this, "注册广播接收器", 0).show();
		} else {
			Toast.makeText(this, "已经注册广播接收器", 0).show();
		}
	}
	
	public void unRegistBR(View v){
		if(receiver!=null){
			unregisterReceiver(receiver);
			receiver=null;
			Toast.makeText(this, "解注册广播接收器", 0).show();
		} else {
			Toast.makeText(this, "还没有注册广播接收器", 0).show();
		}
	}
	
	@Override
	protected void onDestroy() {
		super.onDestroy();
		if(receiver!=null){
			unregisterReceiver(receiver);
			receiver=null;
		}
	}
}

静态注册接收广播

public class MyReceiver4 extends BroadcastReceiver {
	
	public MyReceiver4(){
		Log.e("TAG", "MyReceiver4()");
	}

	@Override
	public void onReceive(Context arg0, Intent intent) {
		String action = intent.getStringExtra("action");
		Log.e("TAG", "MyReceiver4 onReceive()" + action);
		
		//判断如果是有序广播
		if(isOrderedBroadcast()){
			//中断广播
			abortBroadcast();
		}
	}
}

配置文件

<receiver android:name="com.atguigu.l08_br.MyReceiver4">
             <!-- priority指定当前receiver的优先级，最大为0-2147483647 -->
            <intent-filter android:priority="2147483647">
                <action android:name="com.atguigu.l08_br.MyReceiver.action2"/>
            </intent-filter>
        </receiver>