master-master 就是两台服务器互为主从:
服务器 A(master1) && 服务器 B(master2)
master2: 10.236.152.29
配置A
mysql 版本最好一致
给从机赋予登陆权限 如果有多个从属的机子, 都要添加权限
创建给B登录用的用户名密码:
mysql> GRANT FILE ON *.* TO 'backup'@'10.236.152.29' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
mysql> create database replication_test default charset utf8;
配置A的my.cnf
# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
server-id=1 #主机id
#开启二进制日志,并且名称为 /var/lib/mysql/mysql-bin.***
# 如果是个路径则,保存到该路径下(log-bin=/var/log/mysql-bin.log -> /var/log/mysql-bin.***)
log-bin=mysql-bin
read-only=0 #主机读写权限,读写都可以
binlog-do-db=replication_test #记录日志的数据库:需要的备份数据,多个写多行
binlog-ignore-db=mysql #不记录日志的数据库:不需要备份的数据库,多个写多行
binlog-ignore-db=test
binlog-ignore-db=information_schema
# 自增字段奇数递增,防止冲突(1, 3, 5, ...,)
auto-increment-increment = 2 # 每次递增的步长
auto-increment-offset = 1 # 初始值
重启 mysql: serivce mysqld restart 或者 /etc/init.d/mysql restart
注释掉bind-address 127.0.0.1 这句, 这样3306 可以监听到来自非本机的请求
注释掉bind-address 127.0.0.1 这句, 这样3306 可以监听到来自非本机的请求
注释掉bind-address 127.0.0.1 这句, 这样3306 可以监听到来自非本机的请求
哈哈, 重要的事情说三遍, 我在配置的时候忘记了, 导致登陆不了,然后一直Slave_IO_Running 出connect状态, 报错2003
导出数据库锁定数据库,不要退出 mysql shell
mysql>FLUSH TABLES WITH READ LOCK;
mysql># flush tables with read lock;
新开一个终端,导出数据库
mysqldump --master-data -uroot -p replication_test > replication_test.sql
查看主服务器的状态
mysql> show master status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
File: mysql-bin.000001
Position: 98
Binlog_Do_DB: replication_test
Binlog_Ignore_DB: mysql,test,information_schema
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
ERROR:
No query specified
记下 Position 和 File 的值。 解锁
mysql> UNLOCK TABLES;
mysql> # unlock tables;
A的配置告一段落
这里配置 B 的相关属性
编辑 my.cnf
# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
server-id=2
log-bin=mysql-bin
replicate-do-db =replication_test #只复制某个库,多个写多行
replicate-ignore-db=mysql #不复制某个库
replicate-ignore-db=test
replicate-ignore-db=information_schema
relay-log=mysqld-relay-bin # 开启日志中继
log-slave-updates # slave将复制事件写进自己的二进制日志
#5.5
#log-slave-updates = ON
#5.1
#log-slave-updates = 1
导入 master 导出的数据库:
mysql> create database replication_test default charset utf8;
mysql -uroot -p replication_test < replication_test.sql
在B上配置 master 信息:
mysql> slave stop;
mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO
-> MASTER_HOST='10.236.152.63',
-> MASTER_USER='backup',
-> MASTER_PASSWORD='123456',
-> MASTER_CONNECT_RETRY=60, // 如果从服务器发现主服务器断掉,重新连接的时间差(秒)
-> MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000001', //主服务器二进制日志的文件名(前面要求记住的 File 参数)
-> MASTER_LOG_POS=98; //日志文件的开始位置(前面要求记住的 Position 参数)
mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='10.236.152.63', MASTER_USER='backup', MASTER_PASSWORD='123456', MASTER_CONNECT_RETRY=60, MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000001', MASTER_LOG_POS=98;
mysql > slave start;
重启 master, slave: service mysqld restart
查看 slave 状态:
进入 B
mysql> show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Connecting to master
Master_Host: 10.236.152.63
Master_User: backup
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 98
Relay_Log_File: mysqld-relay-bin.000001
Relay_Log_Pos: 98
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB: replication_test
Replicate_Ignore_DB: mysql,test,information_schema
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 98
Relay_Log_Space: 98
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Seconds_Behind_Master: NULL
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
注意一定要有下面两项,没有的话查看错误日志(less /var/log/mysqld.log):
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
测试
进入A服务器
mysql> use replication_test;
Database changed
mysql> create table test(id int);
mysql> insert int test set id=1;
mysql> show master status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
File: mysql-bin.000002 # 注意这里
Position: 276 # 注意这里
Binlog_Do_DB: replication_test
Binlog_Ignore_DB: mysql,test,information_schema
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
B 服务器
mysql> use replication_test;
mysql> show tables;
+-----------------+
| Tables_in_replication_test |
+-----------------+
| test |
+-----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from test;
+------+
| id |
+------+
| 1 |
+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 10.236.152.63
Master_User: backup
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000002 # 跟 master 一样
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 276 # 跟 master 一样
Relay_Log_File: mysqld-relay-bin.000003
Relay_Log_Pos: 413
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000002
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB: replication_test
Replicate_Ignore_DB: mysql,test,information_schema
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 276
Relay_Log_Space: 413
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
进入B服务器
mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'backup'@'10.236.152.63' identified by '123456';
mysql> grant FILE on *.* to 'backup'@'10.236.152.63' identified by '123456';
mysql> flush tables with read lock;
mysql> show master status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
File: mysql-bin.000002
Position: 276
Binlog_Do_DB:
Binlog_Ignore_DB:
mysql> unlock tables;
vim /etc/my.cnf:
# as master
#开启二进制日志,并且名称为 /var/log/mysql/mysql-bin.***
log-bin=mysql-bin
read-only=0 #主机读写权限,读写都可以
binlog-do-db=replication_test #记录日志的数据库:需要的备份数据,多个写多行
binlog-ignore-db=mysql #不记录日志的数据库:不需要备份的数据库,多个写多行
binlog-ignore-db=test
binlog-ignore-db=information_schema
# 自增字段偶数递增,防止冲突(2, 4, 6, ...,)
auto-increment-increment = 2 # 每次递增的步长
auto-increment-offset = 2 # 初始值
service mysqld restart
进入A服务器
mysql> slave stop;
mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='10.236.152.29', MASTER_USER='backup', MASTER_PASSWORD='123456', MASTER_CONNECT_RETRY=60, MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000002, MASTER_LOG_POS=276';
mysql> slave start;
vim /etc/my.cnf
# as slave
replicate-do-db =replication_test #只复制某个库,多个写多行
replicate-ignore-db=mysql #不复制某个库
replicate-ignore-db=test
replicate-ignore-db=information_schema
relay-log=mysqld-relay-bin # 开启日志中继
log-slave-updates # slave将复制事件写进自己的二进制日志
serivce mysqld restart
下面测试一下是否正常
B服务器
mysql> use replication_test;
mysql> insert into test set id=2;
mysql> select * from test;
+------+
| id |
+------+
| 1 |
| 2 |
+------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> show master status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
File: mysql-bin.000003
Position: 187
Binlog_Do_DB: replication_test
Binlog_Ignore_DB: mysql,test,information_schema
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
A服务器
mysql> show slave status \G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 10.236.152.29
Master_User: backup
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 187
Relay_Log_File: mysqld-relay-bin.000003
Relay_Log_Pos: 324
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB: replication_test
Replicate_Ignore_DB: mysql,test,information_schema
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 187
Relay_Log_Space: 324
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
mysql> use replication_test;
mysql> select * from test;
+------+
| id |
+------+
| 1 |
| 2 |
+------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
最后的完整的配置文件
A服务器
# /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
# as master
server-id=1 #主机id,整数
#开启二进制日志,并且名称为 /var/lib/mysql/mysql-bin.***
log-bin=mysql-bin
read-only=0 #主机读写权限,读写都可以
binlog-do-db=replication_test #记录日志的数据库:需要的备份数据,多个写多行
# binlog-do-db=replication_test2
binlog-ignore-db=mysql #不记录日志的数据库:不需要备份的数据库,多个写多行
binlog-ignore-db=test
binlog-ignore-db=information_schema
# as slave
replicate-do-db =replication_test #只复制某个库,多个写多行
replicate-ignore-db=mysql #不复制某个库
replicate-ignore-db=test
replicate-ignore-db=information_schema
relay-log=mysqld-relay-bin # 开启日志中继
log-slave-updates # slave将复制事件写进自己的二进制日志
# 自增字段奇数递增,防止冲突(1, 3, 5, ...,)
auto-increment-increment = 2 # 每次递增的步长
auto-increment-offset = 1 # 初始值
B服务器
# /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
# as slave
server-id=2
log-bin=mysql-bin
replicate-do-db =replication_test #只复制某个库,多个写多行
replicate-ignore-db=mysql #不复制某个库
replicate-ignore-db=test
replicate-ignore-db=information_schema
relay-log=mysqld-relay-bin # 开启日志中继
log-slave-updates # 示slave将复制事件写进自己的二进制日志
# as master
#开启二进制日志,并且名称为 /var/lib/mysql/mysql-bin.***
log-bin=mysql-bin
read-only=0 #主机读写权限,读写都可以
binlog-do-db=replication_test #记录日志的数据库:需要的备份数据,多个写多行
binlog-ignore-db=mysql #不记录日志的数据库:不需要备份的数据库,多个写多行
binlog-ignore-db=test
binlog-ignore-db=information_schema
# 自增字段偶数递增,防止冲突(2, 4, 6, ...,)
auto-increment-increment = 2 # 每次递增的步长
auto-increment-offset = 2 # 初始值
总结一下, 开始的时候用了两个不同版本的机子作为从机, 结果报2003错误, slave_io_running 一直是 connecting 状态, 找了好久, 才发现主机的端口没开, 我这里没有防火墙, 但是要设置 my.cnf 里面的bind_address 这里默认是只监听 本机的,注释掉以后, 就可以监听到其他机子过来的请求了, 另外如果slave_sql_running 是no的, 那估计是你的同步的数据库可能不是一个, 他把其它数据库也同步了, 然后出现了各种写错误, 这个可以在主机里面添加ignore_db, 然后 重新change master to ..... 注意postion 的位置可能有改变, 所以要重新在master 上 show master status; 然后在slave 上重新执行一下 change master to ...... 问题应该不大,祝大家都能顺利完成配置.