SpringMVC 操作步骤

1.pom.xml配置文件添加jar包依赖

在已经建立好的Spring项目中添加Json依赖,便于前后端数据传输(如何搭建Spring项目点这)

	<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jackson-databind -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
      <version>2.11.3</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jackson-annotations -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
      <version>2.11.3</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jackson-core -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
      <version>2.11.3</version>
    </dependency>

2.在resources下新增springmvc-servlet.xml配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">

    <!--包扫描-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.cx.controller"/>

    <!--视图解析器,对转向页面的路径解析.prefix:前缀 suffix:后缀-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/"/>
        <property name="suffix" value=".html"/>
    </bean>

    <!--Json转换器配置-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter">
        <property name="messageConverters">
            <list>
                <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter"/>
            </list>
        </property>
    </bean>
    
</beans>

3.web.xml中加载SpringMVC

  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
      <!--上下文配置位置,即SpringMVC配置文件位置-->
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:springmvc-servlet.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </servlet>

  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

4.编写HelloController.java

@RestController
public class HelloController {
    /**
     * 根据URL路径:http://localhost:8080/spring/sayHello.do
     * 进入hello.html页面
     *
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping("/sayHello.do")
    public ModelAndView sayHello() {
        ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
        modelAndView.setViewName("hello");
        return modelAndView;
    }

    /**
     * 根据URL路径:http://localhost:8080/spring/getUserJson.do
     * 获取User的Json字符串
     *
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping("/getUserJson.do")
    public User getUserJson() {
        User user = new User(1,"张三", "123");
        return user;
    }
}