读取并存储美国航空气象局-机场metar数据

目标网站：https://aviationweather.gov/data/api/#/Dataserver/dataserverMetars

选择数据服务器接口：/api/data/dataserver?requestType=retrieve&dataSource=metars

选择起止时间（大概是最近48h，超过了会报错），勾选xml格式，点击执行。

然后在下方的响应处，点击download。

现在利用python读取xml数据到xlsx中：

from xml.dom.minidom import parse
from openpyxl import Workbook

def get_metar():
    dom=parse('test.xml')
    data = dom.documentElement
    metars=data.getElementsByTagName('METAR')
    #新建工作簿
    workbook=Workbook()
    #新建表格
    sheet=workbook.active
    #新建表头
    sheet.append(['station_id','observation_time','temp_c','dewpoint_c','wind_dir_degrees','wind_speed_kt'
                  ,'visibility_statute_mi','altim_in_hg','sea_level_pressure_mb','sky_condition','flight_category'])

    for metar in metars:
        #获取机场id
        try:
            m_id=metar.getElementsByTagName('station_id')[0].childNodes[0].nodeValue
        except:
            m_id='NaN'
        
        #获取时间    
        try:
            m_time=metar.getElementsByTagName('observation_time')[0].childNodes[0].nodeValue
        except:
            m_time='NaN'
        
        #获取温度    
        try:
            m_temp=metar.getElementsByTagName('temp_c')[0].childNodes[0].nodeValue
        except:
            m_temp='NaN'
        
        #获取露点温度
        try:
            m_dewpoint=metar.getElementsByTagName('dewpoint_c')[0].childNodes[0].nodeValue
        except:
            m_dewpoint='NaN'
        
        #获取风向
        try:    
            m_wind_degree=metar.getElementsByTagName('wind_dir_degrees')[0].childNodes[0].nodeValue
        except:
            m_wind_degree='NaN'
        
        #获取风速
        try:
            m_wind_speed=metar.getElementsByTagName('wind_speed_kt')[0].childNodes[0].nodeValue
        except:
            m_wind_speed='NaN'
        
        #获取能见度
        try:
            m_visiblity=metar.getElementsByTagName('visibility_statute_mi')[0].childNodes[0].nodeValue
        except:
            m_visiblity='NaN'
            
        #获取海平面气压
        try:
            m_hg=metar.getElementsByTagName('altim_in_hg')[0].childNodes[0].nodeValue
        except:
            m_hg='NaN'
            
        #获取大气压（？）
        try:
            m_sea_level_pressure=metar.getElementsByTagName('sea_level_pressure_mb')[0].childNodes[0].nodeValue
        except:
            m_sea_level_pressure='NaN'
            
        #获取云层覆盖层度（第一个）
        try:
            sky_condition=metar.getElementsByTagName('sky_condition')
            m_sky_cover=sky_condition[0].getAttribute('sky_cover')
        except:
            m_sky_cover='NaN'
            
        #获取采取的飞行策略
        try:
            m_flight_category=metar.getElementsByTagName('flight_category')[0].childNodes[0].nodeValue
        except:
            m_flight_category='NaN'
            
        data=[m_id,m_time,m_temp,m_dewpoint,m_wind_degree,m_wind_speed
              ,m_visiblity,m_hg,m_sea_level_pressure,m_sky_cover,m_flight_category]
        
        sheet.append(data)
    #保存表格    
    workbook.save(filename="data.xlsx")
    
if __name__=="__main__":
    get_metar()
    
    

效果预览：