一、初始化与三种加载方式
UIWebView继承与UIView,因此,其初始化方法和一般的view一样,通过alloc和init进行初始化,其加载数据的方式有三种:
第一种:
- (void)loadRequest:(NSURLRequest *)request;
这是加载网页最常用的一种方式,通过一个网页URL来进行加载,这个URL可以是远程的也可以是本地的,例如我加载百度的主页:
UIWebView * view = [[UIWebView alloc]initWithFrame:self.view.frame];
[view loadRequest:[NSURLRequest requestWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://www.baidu.com"]]];
[self.view addSubview:view];
会得到如下的效果:
第二种:
- (void)loadHTMLString:(NSString *)string baseURL:(NSURL *)baseURL;
这个方法需要将httml文件读取为字符串,其中baseURL是我们自己设置的一个路径,用于寻找html文件中引用的图片等素材。
第三种:
- (void)loadData:(NSData *)data MIMEType:(NSString *)MIMEType textEncodingName:(NSString *)textEncodingName baseURL:(NSURL *)baseURL;
这个方式使用的比较少,但也更加自由,其中data是文件数据,MIMEType是文件类型,textEncodingName是编码类型,baseURL是素材资源路径。
二、一些常用的属性和变量
@property (nonatomic,assign)id <UIWebViewDelegate> delegate;设置webView的代理
@property (nonatomic,readonly,retain)UIScrollView *scrollView;内置的scrollView
@property (nonatomic,readonly,retain)NSURLRequest *request;URL请求
- (void)reload;重新加载数据
- (void)stopLoading;停止加载数据
- (void)goBack;返回上一级
- (void)goForward;跳转下一级
@property (nonatomic,readonly,getter=canGoBack)BOOL canGoBack;获取能否返回上一级
@property (nonatomic,readonly,getter=canGoForward)BOOL canGoForward;获取能否跳转下一级
@property (nonatomic,readonly,getter=isLoading)BOOL loading;获取是否正在加载数据
- (NSString *)stringByEvaluatingJavaScriptFromString:(NSString *)script;通过javaScript操作web数据
@property (nonatomic)BOOL scalesPageToFit;设置是否缩放到适合屏幕大小
@property (nonatomic)UIDataDetectorTypes dataDetectorTypesNS_AVAILABLE_IOS(3_0);设置某些数据变为链接形式,这个枚举可以设置如电话号,地址,邮箱等转化为链接
@property (nonatomic)BOOL allowsInlineMediaPlaybackNS_AVAILABLE_IOS(4_0);设置是否使用内联播放器播放视频
@property (nonatomic)BOOL mediaPlaybackRequiresUserActionNS_AVAILABLE_IOS(4_0);设置视频是否自动播放
@property (nonatomic)BOOL mediaPlaybackAllowsAirPlayNS_AVAILABLE_IOS(5_0);设置音频播放是否支持ari play功能
@property (nonatomic)BOOL suppressesIncrementalRenderingNS_AVAILABLE_IOS(6_0);设置是否将数据加载如内存后渲染界面
@property (nonatomic)BOOL keyboardDisplayRequiresUserActionNS_AVAILABLE_IOS(6_0);设置用户交互模式
三、iOS7中的一些新特性
下面这些属性是iOS7之后才有的,通过他们可以设置更加有趣的web体验
@property (nonatomic)UIWebPaginationMode paginationModeNS_AVAILABLE_IOS(7_0);
typedef NS_ENUM(NSInteger, UIWebPaginationMode) {
UIWebPaginationModeUnpaginated,//不使用翻页效果
UIWebPaginationModeLeftToRight,//将网页超出部分分页,从左向右进行翻页
UIWebPaginationModeTopToBottom,//将网页超出部分分页,从上向下进行翻页
UIWebPaginationModeBottomToTop,//将网页超出部分分页,从下向上进行翻页
UIWebPaginationModeRightToLeft//将网页超出部分分页,从右向左进行翻页
};
这个属性用来设置一种模式,当网页的大小超出view时,将网页以翻页的效果展示,枚举如下:
@property (nonatomic)CGFloat pageLengthNS_AVAILABLE_IOS(7_0);设置每一页的长度
@property (nonatomic)CGFloat gapBetweenPagesNS_AVAILABLE_IOS(7_0);设置每一页的间距
@property (nonatomic,readonly)NSUInteger pageCountNS_AVAILABLE_IOS(7_0);获取分页数
四、webView协议中的方法
- (BOOL)webView:(UIWebView *)webView shouldStartLoadWithRequest:(NSURLRequest *)request navigationType:(UIWebViewNavigationType)navigationType;
准备加载内容时调用的方法,通过返回值来进行是否加载的设置
- (void)webViewDidStartLoad:(UIWebView *)webView;开始加载时调用的方法
- (void)webViewDidFinishLoad:(UIWebView *)webView;结束加载时调用的方法
- (void)webView:(UIWebView *)webView didFailLoadWithError:(NSError *)error;加载失败时调用的方法
实例:
2.下面看一下效果:
步骤:
0.创建两个视图控制体
创建一个新项目,然后创建两个控制器LvesViewController和 LvesOriginalController
分别添加一个UIWebView到self.view上。
1.去除webView滚动时,上下的白边。
- (<span class="keyword">void</span>)clearWebViewBackground:(UIWebView *)webView { UIWebView *web = webView; <span class="keyword">for</span> (id v <span class="keyword">in</span> web.subviews) { <span class="keyword">if</span> ([v isKindOfClass:[UIScrollView <span class="keyword">class</span>]]) { [v setBounces:NO]; } } }
2.设置代理
<span class="comment">//2. 设置代理</span>
<span class="keyword">self</span>.myWebView.delegate=<span class="keyword">self</span>;
3.添加加载webview的视图
#pragma mark 加载WebView -(void) loadMyWebView{ <span class="indent"> </span>NSString *title=@"韩寒《后会无期》奇葩的吸金3秘籍"; <span class="indent"> </span> <span class="indent"> </span>NSString *linkStr=[NSString stringWithFormat:@"<span class="tag"><<span class="title">a</span> <span class="attribute">href</span>=<span class="value">'%@'</span>></span>我的博客<span class="tag"></<span class="title">a</span>></span> <span class="tag"><<span class="title">a</span> <span class="attribute">href</span>=<span class="value">'%@'</span>></span>原文<span class="tag"></<span class="title">a</span>></span>",@"http://blog.csdn.net/wildcatlele",@"http://jincuodao.baijia.baidu.com/article/26059"]; <span class="indent"> </span> <span class="indent"> </span>NSString *p1=@"韩寒《后会无期》的吸金能力很让我惊讶!8月12日影片票房已成功冲破6亿大关。而且排片量仍保持10 以上,以日收千万的速度稳步向七亿进军。"; <span class="indent"> </span> <span class="indent"> </span>NSString *p2=@"要知道,《后会无期》不是主流类型片,是一个文艺片。不像《小时代》,是一个商业主流的偶像电影。"; <span class="indent"> </span>NSString *image1=[NSString stringWithFormat:@"<span class="tag"><<span class="title">img</span> <span class="attribute">src</span>=<span class="value">'%@'</span> <span class="attribute">height</span>=<span class="value">'280'</span> <span class="attribute">width</span>=<span class="value">'300'</span> /></span>",@"http://nvren.so/uploads/allimg/c140801/140DR4554L40-YB9.jpg"]; <span class="indent"> </span>NSString *image2=[NSString stringWithFormat:@"<span class="tag"><<span class="title">img</span> <span class="attribute">src</span>=<span class="value">'%@'</span> <span class="attribute">height</span>=<span class="value">'280'</span> <span class="attribute">width</span>=<span class="value">'300'</span> /></span>",@"http://f.hiphotos.baidu.com/news/w%3D638/sign=78315beeb1fb43161a1f797918a44642/2934349b033b5bb58cb61bdb35d3d539b600bcb5.jpg"]; <span class="indent"> </span> <span class="indent"> </span>NSString *p3=@"太奇葩了!有人说,这是中国电影市场的红利,是粉丝电影的成功。但是,有一部投资3000万的粉丝电影《我就是我》,有明星,制作也不错,基本上是惨败。"; <span class="indent"> </span> <span class="indent"> </span>NSString *p4=@"《后会无期》卖的不是好故事,是优越感。特别是针对80、90后的人群,你有没有发现,看《后会无期》比看《小时代3》有明显的优越感。故事虽然一般,但是很多人看完后,会在微博、微信上晒照片。所以说,对一个族群靠的不是广度,而是深度。<span class="tag"><<span class="title">br</span>></span>\ <span class="indent"> </span>\ <span class="indent"> </span>很凶残,值得大家借鉴。韩寒《后会无期》还有什么秘密武器,欢迎《后会无期》团队或相关方爆料,直接留言即可,有料的可以送黎万强亲笔签名的《参与感》一书。"; <span class="indent"> </span> <span class="indent"> </span>//初始化和html字符串 <span class="indent"> </span>NSString *htmlURlStr=[NSString stringWithFormat:@"<span class="tag"><<span class="title">body</span> <span class="attribute">style</span>=<span class="value">'background-color:#EBEBF3'</span>></span><span class="tag"><<span class="title">h2</span>></span>%@<span class="tag"></<span class="title">h2</span>></span><span class="tag"><<span class="title">p</span>></span>%@<span class="tag"></<span class="title">p</span>></span> <span class="tag"><<span class="title">p</span>></span>%@ <span class="tag"></<span class="title">p</span>></span>%@ <span class="tag"><<span class="title">br</span>></span><span class="tag"><<span class="title">p</span>></span> %@<span class="tag"></<span class="title">p</span>></span> <span class="tag"><<span class="title">p</span>></span>%@<span class="tag"></<span class="title">p</span>></span>%@<span class="tag"><<span class="title">p</span>></span>%@<span class="tag"></<span class="title">p</span>></span><span class="tag"></<span class="title">body</span>></span>",title,linkStr,p1,image1,p2,p3,image2,p4]; <span class="indent"> </span> <span class="indent"> </span>[self.myWebView loadHTMLString:htmlURlStr baseURL:nil]; }
4.实现代理方法,(处理连接点击事件)
-(BOOL)webView:(UIWebView *)webView shouldStartLoadWithRequest:(NSURLRequest *)request navigationType:(UIWebViewNavigationType)navigationType{ <span class="indent"> </span>NSString *urlStr=request.URL.absoluteString; <span class="indent"> </span> <span class="indent"> </span>NSLog(<span class="string">@"url: %@"</span>,urlStr); <span class="indent"> </span> <span class="indent"> </span><span class="comment">//为空,第一次加载本页面</span> <span class="indent"> </span><span class="keyword">if</span> ([urlStr isEqualToString:<span class="string">@"about:blank"</span>]) { <span class="indent"> </span><span class="indent"> </span><span class="keyword">return</span> YES; <span class="indent"> </span>} <span class="indent"> </span> <span class="indent"> </span><span class="comment">//设置点击后的视图控制器</span> <span class="indent"> </span>LvesOriginalController *originalC=[[LvesOriginalController alloc] init]; <span class="indent"> </span>originalC.originUrl=urlStr; <span class="comment">//设置请求连接</span> <span class="indent"> </span><span class="comment">//跳转到点击后的控制器并加载webview</span> <span class="indent"> </span>[self.navigationController pushViewController:originalC animated:YES]; <span class="indent"> </span> <span class="indent"> </span><span class="keyword">return</span> NO; } <span class="comment">//设置底部滚动不弹回</span> - (<span class="keyword">void</span>)webViewDidFinishLoad:(UIWebView *)webView{ <span class="indent"> </span>NSInteger height = [[webView stringByEvaluatingJavaScriptFromString:<span class="string">@"document.body.offsetHeight;"</span>] intValue]; <span class="indent"> </span>NSString* javascript = [NSString stringWithFormat:<span class="string">@"window.scrollBy(0, %d);"</span>, height]; <span class="indent"> </span>[webView stringByEvaluatingJavaScriptFromString:javascript]; }
5.实现OrigainalViewController
<span class="comment">//</span>
<span class="comment">// LvesOriginalController.m</span>
<span class="comment">// WebViewDemo</span>
<span class="comment">//</span>
<span class="comment">// Created by Lves Li on 14-8-15.</span>
<span class="comment">// Copyright (c) 2014年 Lves. All rights reserved.</span>
<span class="comment">//</span>
#<span class="keyword">import</span> <span class="string">"LvesOriginalController.h"</span>
<span class="annotation">@interface</span> LvesOriginalController ()
{
<span class="indent"> </span>UIWebView *_webView;
}
<span class="annotation">@end</span>
<span class="annotation">@implementation</span> LvesOriginalController
- (id)initWithNibName:(NSString *)nibNameOrNil bundle:(NSBundle *)nibBundleOrNil
{
<span class="indent"> </span>self = [<span class="keyword">super</span> initWithNibName:nibNameOrNil bundle:nibBundleOrNil];
<span class="indent"> </span><span class="keyword">if</span> (self) {
<span class="indent"> </span><span class="indent"> </span><span class="comment">// Custom initialization</span>
<span class="indent"> </span>}
<span class="indent"> </span><span class="keyword">return</span> self;
}
- (<span class="keyword">void</span>)viewDidLoad
{
<span class="indent"> </span>[<span class="keyword">super</span> viewDidLoad];
<span class="indent"> </span><span class="comment">//设置title</span>
<span class="indent"> </span>self.title=@<span class="string">"原文"</span>;
<span class="indent"> </span>
<span class="indent"> </span>
<span class="indent"> </span>_webView=[[UIWebView alloc] init];
<span class="indent"> </span>_webView.frame=[[UIScreen mainScreen] bounds];
<span class="indent"> </span>
<span class="indent"> </span>[self.view addSubview:_webView];
<span class="indent"> </span>
<span class="indent"> </span>[_webView loadRequest:[NSURLRequest requestWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:self.originUrl]]];
<span class="indent"> </span>
<span class="indent"> </span>
}
<span class="annotation">@end
</span>