论文写作素材 PON背景描述

PONs have been one of the enablers of broadband telecommunication systems such as FTTH, and along with the possibility of providing the right bandwidth to the individual user, have significantly contributed to the internet revolution9. PONs have been widely deployed using current cost-effective DD systems [49]; their success is largely due to the adoption of the P2MP approach, an indication of the value of this optical networking architecture. The transmission is here realized with TDM, and the transceivers are manufactured in volumes exceeding millions of units per year, as discussed in [50] and its references.

Point-to-Multipoint Optical Networks Using Coherent Digital Subcarriers

AS BANDWIDTH demand keeps growing, operators are pushing fiber to the edge and need cost effective delivery of these broadband services. Next generation passive optical networks (PONs) based on power splitting are an important network architecture to provide high data-rate fiber access to the user in a cost-effective way. With 10G PON deployments increasing [1], [2], broadband service providers are investigating the market potential and technology options for high speed PON beyond 10G. In 2016, the IEEE P802.3ca 100G-EPON Task Force was formed, mostly led by U.S. MSOs (Multiple System Operator) [3], [4]. The 802.3ca Task Force is working on standardizing a 25/50/100G time-division-multiplexed TDM PON based on wavelength multiplexing with 25 Gbps line rate. 25 Gbps is considered an optimum line-rate for PON in terms of technical performance and cost-effectiveness since low cost  25 Gbps optical components based on high volumes from data center systems can be used, as well as reuse of 10G PON optical parts in combination with duobinary detection or digital signal processing (DSP) [5]–[7]. Furthermore, an evolution-proof unified architecture has been demonstrated experimentally in [8] where the various implemented receiver technologies can interoperate with 25G NRZ transmitters that over time become cost-effective for 25 Gbps NG-PON.

Bi-Directional 25G/50G TDM-PON With Extended Power Budget Using 25G APD and Coherent Detection

The demand for high-quality and ubiquitous wireless connectivity from both humans and machines has been consistently growing, being particularly fast in recent years with the driving applications of virtual/augmented reality (VR/AR), highdefinition (HD) video streaming on mobile devices, industry Internet of things (IIoT), and so forth. Even the abrupt occurrence of the Coronavirus outbreak showed no indication of stopping this trend and demand, although it restricted people’s freemovementtoacertainextent.

DSP-enhanced radio-over-fiber technologies for 5G-and-beyond wired-wireless convergence