ArrayList和HashSet如何去除重复元素

1. ArrayList去除重复元素

利用contains()方法，其内部调用的还是equals()方法，需要重写equals(),自己定义元素相同的规则

import java.util.*;

class ArrayListDemo2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ArrayList a = new ArrayList();
        ArrayList a2 = new ArrayList();

        a.add(new People("张三",3));
        a.add(new People("李四",4));
        a.add(new People("李四",4));
        a.add(new People("王五",5));
        System.out.println(a);  // 此处打印对象地址值

        // 两种方法取list当中的元素，for和iterator
        // contains()方法底层调用equals()，remove()
        for (int i = 0; i < a.size() ; i++ ) {
            Object obj = a.get(i);
            if (!a2.contains(obj)) {
                a2.add(obj);
            }           
        }

        Iterator i = a2.iterator();
        while(i.hasNext()) {
            People p = (People) i.next();
            System.out.println(p.getName() + "..." + p.getAge());
        }       
    }
}

class People {
    private String name;
    private int age;

    People (String name, int age) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return this.name;
    }
    public int getAge(){
        return this.age;
    } 

    // 要比较两个人相不相同需要重写equals()方法来比较姓名年龄
    public boolean equals(Object obj) {
        if (!(obj instanceof People)) {
            return false;
        } else {
            People p = (People)obj; 
            return this.name.equals(p.name) && this.age == p.age 
        }
    }
}

2. HashSet元素唯一性

当新增一个元素时，首先调用hashCode()方法讲该元素和集合中存在的元素进行hashCode判断，如果存在两个元素hashCode相同，再调用equals()方法进行判断两个元素是否是相同的对象。如果都相同，则新元素无法被添加。

所以一般情况下，当我们需要用到HashSet时候，必须重写hashCode()和equals()两个方法

import java.util.*;

class HashSetDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        HashSet hs = new HashSet();

        hs.add(new People("张三",3));
        hs.add(new People("李四",4));
        hs.add(new People("王五",5));
        hs.add(new People("李四",4));
        System.out.println(hs);

        Iterator i = hs.iterator();

        while (i.hasNext()) {
            People p = (People)i.next();
            System.out.println(p.getName() + " ...." + p.getAge());
        }
    }
}

class People {
    private String name;
    private int age;

    People (String name, int age) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return this.name;
    }
    public int getAge(){
        return this.age;
    } 

    public int hashCode() {
        System.out.println(this.name + "...hashCode");
        return this.name.hashCode() + this.age*19; // 自定义对象的hashCode，尽量保证不出现重复
    }

    public boolean equals(Object obj) {
        if (!(obj instanceof People)) {
            return false;
        } else {
            People p = (People)obj; 
            System.out.println(this.name + "....equals..." + p.name);
            return this.name.equals(p.name) && this.age == p.age
        }
    }
}