docker启动nginx容器，并修改nginx配置文件

把nginx启动了，但是我们想要改变配置文件nginx.conf ，进入容器,命令：docker exec -it nginx bash 或者 docker exec -it 容器id bash

nginx.conf配置文件在 /etc/nginx/  下面，但是你使用vim nginx.conf 或者vi nginx.conf会发现vi或者vim命令没有用，解决办法：apt-get  update（这个命令的作用是：同步 /etc/apt/sources.list 和 /etc/apt/sources.list.d 中列出的源的索引，这样才能获取到最新的软件包） 完成之后 apt-get install vim 再执行就可以安装vim了

[root@localhost ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE                 COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS                      PORTS               NAMES
c05330e5fe2d        nginx                 "/docker-entrypoin..."   42 hours ago        Exited (0) 41 hours ago                         mynginx
3ea83bf6eb86        36b7f3aa2340          "/docker-entrypoin..."   43 hours ago        Exited (143) 43 hours ago                       myzookeeper
9fbd91afce5e        rabbitmq:management   "docker-entrypoint..."   5 weeks ago         Exited (0) 5 weeks ago                          myrabbit
ce5d95a694bd        redis:4.0.9           "docker-entrypoint..."   5 weeks ago         Exited (0) 5 weeks ago                          myredis
70b956b1ea91        mysql:5.7.28          "docker-entrypoint..."   2 months ago        Exited (0) 2 months ago                         mysql
b9552742caf1        mytomcat              "catalina.sh run"        2 months ago        Exited (143) 2 months ago                       mytomcat
[root@localhost ~]# docker start c05330e5fe2d
c05330e5fe2d
[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it c05330e5fe2d bash
root@c05330e5fe2d:/# ls
bin  boot  dev  docker-entrypoint.d  docker-entrypoint.sh  etc  home  lib  lib64  media  mnt  opt  proc  root  run  sbin  srv  sys  tmp  usr  var
root@c05330e5fe2d:/# cd /etc/nginx/
root@c05330e5fe2d:/etc/nginx# ls
conf.d  fastcgi_params  koi-utf  koi-win  mime.types  modules  nginx.conf  scgi_params  uwsgi_params  win-utf
root@c05330e5fe2d:/etc/nginx# vi nginx.conf 
bash: vi: command not found
root@c05330e5fe2d:/etc/nginx# vi nginx.conf 
bash: vi: command not found
root@c05330e5fe2d:/etc/nginx# apt-get  update
Get:1 http://security.debian.org/debian-security buster/updates InRelease [65.4 kB]
Get:2 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster InRelease [121 kB]                                                                                         
Get:3 http://security.debian.org/debian-security buster/updates/main amd64 Packages [244 kB]                                                         
Get:2 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster InRelease [121 kB]                                                                                         
Get:4 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster-updates InRelease [51.9 kB]
Get:5 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 Packages [7906 kB]                                                                              
Get:5 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 Packages [7906 kB]                                                                              
Get:5 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 Packages [7906 kB]                                                                              
Get:5 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 Packages [7906 kB]                                                                              
Get:5 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 Packages [7906 kB]                                                                              
Get:5 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 Packages [7906 kB]                                                                              
Get:5 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 Packages [7906 kB]                                                                              
Get:5 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 Packages [7906 kB]                                                                              
Get:5 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 Packages [7906 kB]                                                                              
Get:5 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 Packages [7906 kB]                                                                              
Get:5 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 Packages [7906 kB]                                                                              
Get:5 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 Packages [7906 kB]                                                                              
Get:5 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 Packages [7906 kB]                                                                              
Get:5 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 Packages [7906 kB]                                                                              
Get:5 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 Packages [7906 kB]                                                                              
Get:5 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 Packages [7906 kB]                                                                              
Get:5 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 Packages [7906 kB]                                                                              
Get:5 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 Packages [7906 kB]                                                                              
Get:5 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 Packages [7906 kB]                                                                              
Get:5 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 Packages [7906 kB]                                                                              
Get:5 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 Packages [7906 kB]                                                                              
Get:5 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 Packages [7906 kB]                                                                              
Get:5 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 Packages [7906 kB]                                                                              
Get:5 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 Packages [7906 kB]                                                                              
Get:5 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 Packages [7906 kB]                                                                              
Get:5 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 Packages [7906 kB]                                                                              
Get:5 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 Packages [7906 kB]                                                                              
Get:5 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 Packages [7906 kB]                                                                              
Get:6 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster-updates/main amd64 Packages [7856 B]                                                                       
Fetched 574 kB in 42min 36s (224 B/s)                                                                                                                
Reading package lists... Done
root@c05330e5fe2d:/etc/nginx# apt-get install vim
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
  libgpm2 vim-common vim-runtime xxd
Suggested packages:
  gpm ctags vim-doc vim-scripts
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  libgpm2 vim vim-common vim-runtime xxd
0 upgraded, 5 newly installed, 0 to remove and 4 not upgraded.
Need to get 7425 kB of archives.
After this operation, 33.8 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
Get:1 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 xxd amd64 2:8.1.0875-5 [140 kB]
Get:2 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 vim-common all 2:8.1.0875-5 [195 kB]                                                            
Get:2 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 vim-common all 2:8.1.0875-5 [195 kB]                                                            
Get:4 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 vim-runtime all 2:8.1.0875-5 [5775 kB]
Get:4 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 vim-runtime all 2:8.1.0875-5 [5775 kB]                                                          
Get:4 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 vim-runtime all 2:8.1.0875-5 [5775 kB]                                                          
Get:4 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 vim-runtime all 2:8.1.0875-5 [5775 kB]                                                          
Get:4 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 vim-runtime all 2:8.1.0875-5 [5775 kB]                                                          
Get:4 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 vim-runtime all 2:8.1.0875-5 [5775 kB]                                                          
Get:4 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 vim-runtime all 2:8.1.0875-5 [5775 kB]                                                          
Get:4 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 vim-runtime all 2:8.1.0875-5 [5775 kB]                                                          
Get:4 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 vim-runtime all 2:8.1.0875-5 [5775 kB]                                                          
Get:4 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 vim-runtime all 2:8.1.0875-5 [5775 kB]                                                          
Get:4 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 vim-runtime all 2:8.1.0875-5 [5775 kB]                                                          
Get:4 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 vim-runtime all 2:8.1.0875-5 [5775 kB]                                                          
Get:4 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 vim-runtime all 2:8.1.0875-5 [5775 kB]                                                          
Get:4 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 vim-runtime all 2:8.1.0875-5 [5775 kB]                                                          
Get:5 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 vim amd64 2:8.1.0875-5 [1280 kB]                                                                
Get:5 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 vim amd64 2:8.1.0875-5 [1280 kB]                                                                
Get:5 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 vim amd64 2:8.1.0875-5 [1280 kB]                                                                
Fetched 887 kB in 24min 29s (603 B/s)                                                                                                                
debconf: delaying package configuration, since apt-utils is not installed
Selecting previously unselected package xxd.
(Reading database ... 7631 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../xxd_2%3a8.1.0875-5_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking xxd (2:8.1.0875-5) ...
Selecting previously unselected package vim-common.
Preparing to unpack .../vim-common_2%3a8.1.0875-5_all.deb ...
Unpacking vim-common (2:8.1.0875-5) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libgpm2:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../libgpm2_1.20.7-5_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libgpm2:amd64 (1.20.7-5) ...
Selecting previously unselected package vim-runtime.
Preparing to unpack .../vim-runtime_2%3a8.1.0875-5_all.deb ...
Adding 'diversion of /usr/share/vim/vim81/doc/help.txt to /usr/share/vim/vim81/doc/help.txt.vim-tiny by vim-runtime'
Adding 'diversion of /usr/share/vim/vim81/doc/tags to /usr/share/vim/vim81/doc/tags.vim-tiny by vim-runtime'
Unpacking vim-runtime (2:8.1.0875-5) ...
Selecting previously unselected package vim.
Preparing to unpack .../vim_2%3a8.1.0875-5_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking vim (2:8.1.0875-5) ...
Setting up libgpm2:amd64 (1.20.7-5) ...
Setting up xxd (2:8.1.0875-5) ...
Setting up vim-common (2:8.1.0875-5) ...
Setting up vim-runtime (2:8.1.0875-5) ...
Setting up vim (2:8.1.0875-5) ...
update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/vim.basic to provide /usr/bin/vim (vim) in auto mode
update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/vim.basic to provide /usr/bin/vimdiff (vimdiff) in auto mode
update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/vim.basic to provide /usr/bin/rvim (rvim) in auto mode
update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/vim.basic to provide /usr/bin/rview (rview) in auto mode
update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/vim.basic to provide /usr/bin/vi (vi) in auto mode
update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/da/man1/vi.1.gz because associated file /usr/share/man/da/man1/vim.1.gz (of link group v
i) doesn't exist
update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/de/man1/vi.1.gz because associated file /usr/share/man/de/man1/vim.1.gz (of link group v
i) doesn't exist
update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/fr/man1/vi.1.gz because associated file /usr/share/man/fr/man1/vim.1.gz (of link group v
i) doesn't exist
update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/it/man1/vi.1.gz because associated file /usr/share/man/it/man1/vim.1.gz (of link group v
i) doesn't exist
update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/ja/man1/vi.1.gz because associated file /usr/share/man/ja/man1/vim.1.gz (of link group v
i) doesn't exist
update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/pl/man1/vi.1.gz because associated file /usr/share/man/pl/man1/vim.1.gz (of link group v
i) doesn't exist
update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/ru/man1/vi.1.gz because associated file /usr/share/man/ru/man1/vim.1.gz (of link group v
i) doesn't exist
update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/man1/vi.1.gz because associated file /usr/share/man/man1/vim.1.gz (of link group vi) doe
sn't exist
update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/vim.basic to provide /usr/bin/view (view) in auto mode
update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/da/man1/view.1.gz because associated file /usr/share/man/da/man1/vim.1.gz (of link group
 view) doesn't exist
update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/de/man1/view.1.gz because associated file /usr/share/man/de/man1/vim.1.gz (of link group
 view) doesn't exist
update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/fr/man1/view.1.gz because associated file /usr/share/man/fr/man1/vim.1.gz (of link group
 view) doesn't exist
update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/it/man1/view.1.gz because associated file /usr/share/man/it/man1/vim.1.gz (of link group
 view) doesn't exist
update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/ja/man1/view.1.gz because associated file /usr/share/man/ja/man1/vim.1.gz (of link group
 view) doesn't exist
update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/pl/man1/view.1.gz because associated file /usr/share/man/pl/man1/vim.1.gz (of link group
 view) doesn't exist
update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/ru/man1/view.1.gz because associated file /usr/share/man/ru/man1/vim.1.gz (of link group
 view) doesn't exist
update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/man1/view.1.gz because associated file /usr/share/man/man1/vim.1.gz (of link group view)
 doesn't exist
update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/vim.basic to provide /usr/bin/ex (ex) in auto mode
update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/da/man1/ex.1.gz because associated file /usr/share/man/da/man1/vim.1.gz (of link group e
x) doesn't exist
update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/de/man1/ex.1.gz because associated file /usr/share/man/de/man1/vim.1.gz (of link group e
x) doesn't exist
update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/fr/man1/ex.1.gz because associated file /usr/share/man/fr/man1/vim.1.gz (of link group e
x) doesn't exist
update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/it/man1/ex.1.gz because associated file /usr/share/man/it/man1/vim.1.gz (of link group e
x) doesn't exist
update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/ja/man1/ex.1.gz because associated file /usr/share/man/ja/man1/vim.1.gz (of link group e
x) doesn't exist
update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/pl/man1/ex.1.gz because associated file /usr/share/man/pl/man1/vim.1.gz (of link group e
x) doesn't exist
update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/ru/man1/ex.1.gz because associated file /usr/share/man/ru/man1/vim.1.gz (of link group e
x) doesn't exist
update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/man1/ex.1.gz because associated file /usr/share/man/man1/vim.1.gz (of link group ex) doe
sn't exist
update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/vim.basic to provide /usr/bin/editor (editor) in auto mode
update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/da/man1/editor.1.gz because associated file /usr/share/man/da/man1/vim.1.gz (of link gro
up editor) doesn't exist
update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/de/man1/editor.1.gz because associated file /usr/share/man/de/man1/vim.1.gz (of link gro
up editor) doesn't exist
update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/fr/man1/editor.1.gz because associated file /usr/share/man/fr/man1/vim.1.gz (of link gro
up editor) doesn't exist
update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/it/man1/editor.1.gz because associated file /usr/share/man/it/man1/vim.1.gz (of link gro
up editor) doesn't exist
update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/ja/man1/editor.1.gz because associated file /usr/share/man/ja/man1/vim.1.gz (of link gro
up editor) doesn't exist
update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/pl/man1/editor.1.gz because associated file /usr/share/man/pl/man1/vim.1.gz (of link gro
up editor) doesn't exist
update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/ru/man1/editor.1.gz because associated file /usr/share/man/ru/man1/vim.1.gz (of link gro
up editor) doesn't exist
update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/share/man/man1/editor.1.gz because associated file /usr/share/man/man1/vim.1.gz (of link group edi
tor) doesn't exist
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.28-10) ...
root@c05330e5fe2d:/etc/nginx#                       

 此时你就可以自己定制nginx.con文件了，改好配置文件之后重启容器，步骤，先把容器停了docker stop nginx  然后重启 docker start nginx