Python笔记(四)字符串操作

Python中的字符串用法很多，很灵活，下面是一些常见字符串函数的用法.

#__author__ = "BoGe"

print(''.join(['1','2','3']))#连接字符串
print('ZhanGMing'.lower())#全部变小写
print('zhangming'.upper())#全部变大写
print('1+2+3+4'.split('+'))#根据+号分割成列表

#------------------------------------------------------

name = 'zhangming'
print(name.capitalize())#字符串首字母大写
name = 'ZHANGMING'
print(name.casefold())#大写全部变小写
print(name.center(50,"*"))#将name居中显示，左右两边用50个*对齐
print(name.count('z'))#统计z出现的次数
print(name.encode())#将字符串编码成byte格式
print(b'ZHANGMING'.decode())#将字符串解码为UTF-8格式
print(name.endswith('G'))#判断字符串是否以G结尾
print('zhang\tming'.expandtabs(10))#将\t转换成10/2长的空格
print(name.find('j'))#查找A,找到返回其索引，找不到返回-1


#------------------------------------------------------
#format
msg = "my name is {}, and my age is {}"#格式化输出
print(msg.format("zhangming",17))#将第一个字符串对应第一个{}

msg = "my name is {1}, and my age is {0}"
print(msg.format("zhangbo",22))#zhangbo代表0，22代表1

msg = "my name is {0}, and my age is {1}"
print(msg.format("zhangbo",22))#zhangbo代表0，22代表1

msg = "my name is {name}, and my age is {age}"
print(msg.format(age = 20, name = 'zhangming'))#字符串自动对应

msg = "my name is {name}, and my age is {age}"
print(msg.format_map({'name':'zhangming', 'age':19}))#和format一样，类似于字典

#------------------------------------------------------

print(msg.index('a'))#返回a所在字符串的索引
print('123A'.isalnum())#是否为字母或数字
print('9'.isdigit())#是否为整数
name = 'ZHANGMING'
print(name.isnumeric())#是否为数字
print(name.isprintable())#是否可打印
print(name.isspace())#判断是否为空或者转义字符
print(name.istitle())#检索字符串中首字母是否为大写
print(name.isupper())#检索字符串是否都为大写
print("|".join(['张三','李四','王武']))#以|分割列表

#------------------------------------------------------

#maketrans
intab = 'thistreha'#字符串加密,将intab和outtab与str字符串进行映射得出加密字符串
outtab = '123456789'#注:两个字符串长度必须一样，为一一对应关系
transtab = str.maketrans(intab,outtab)
str = "this is string test...HaHa!!!"
print(str.translate(transtab))

#------------------------------------------------------
print(msg)
print(msg.partition('is'))#通过is进行划分
print('zhangli, chinese name is lijie'.replace("li","LI",2))#用一些字符替换一些字符

string = 'zhangming'
print(string.swapcase())#大小写互换
print(string.zfill(40))#原字符串右对齐，前面填充0
print(string.ljust(40,"-"))#把字符串长度变为40，并且用字符-填充
print(string.rjust(40,'*'))
b="abc_123"
print(b.isidentifier())#检测一段字符是否符合变量名规则