ContentProvider 的介绍和使用
ContentProvider介绍
内容提供者很好理解,就是给其他的应用程序,提供一个访问我们sqlite的文件的机会.
因为涉及到数据的安全,才有了提供者和解析者.
只有提供者提供了数据,解析者才可以拿到.
1.ContentProvider内容提供者(四大组件之一)主要用于在不同的应用程序之间实现数据共享的功能。
2.技能get点:
(1)访问系统自带的内容提供者(******)
手机联系人/音频/视频/图库/短信/系统设置
(2)自己写内容提供者
3.三个重点
(1) contentProvider 内容提供者
(2) contentResolve 内容解析者
(3) uri 地址
可以简单的理解为:
内容提供者提供一个地址,内容解析者把uri解析一下,去指向提供者的地址.
思路:
1.提供方:ContentProvider
(1)创建数据库,自定义类继承SQLiteOpenHelper
(2)自定义内容提供者类,继承ContentProvider,重写insert/delete/update/query方法,向外界提供方法
(3)清单文件中注册内容提供者
2.索要方:ContentResolver
(1)通过Context的getContentResolver方法获得ContentResolver对象
(2)确定uri
(3)调用insert/delete/update/query方法访问数据库
自定义类继承SQLiteOpenHelper
package com.example.mycontentprovider;
import android.content.Context;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteOpenHelper;
public class MySqlLiteHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper {
public MySqlLiteHelper(Context context, String name, SQLiteDatabase.CursorFactory factory, int version) {
super(context, name, factory, version);
}
@Override
public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) {
db.execSQL("create table student(id integer primary key autoincrement,name varchar(20))");
db.execSQL("insert into student(id,name)values(null,'张三')");
}
@Override
public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {
}
}
创建ContentProvider
在java包创建
两个复选框要勾选,作为可用,Uri作为标识
ContentProvider代码
package com.example.mycontentprovider;
import android.content.ContentProvider;
import android.content.ContentValues;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteOpenHelper;
import android.net.Uri;
public class MyContentProvider extends ContentProvider {
private SQLiteDatabase readableDatabase;
public MyContentProvider() {
}
@Override
public int delete(Uri uri, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) {
// Implement this to handle requests to delete one or more rows.
int student = readableDatabase.delete("student", selection, selectionArgs);
return student;
}
@Override
public String getType(Uri uri) {
// TODO: Implement this to handle requests for the MIME type of the data
// at the given URI.
throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Not yet implemented");
}
@Override
public Uri insert(Uri uri, ContentValues values) {
// TODO: Implement this to handle requests to insert a new row.
readableDatabase.insert("student", null, values);
return uri;
}
@Override
public boolean onCreate() {
MySqlLiteHelper mySqlLiteHelper = new MySqlLiteHelper(getContext(), "stu.db", null, 1);
readableDatabase = mySqlLiteHelper.getReadableDatabase();
if (readableDatabase != null) {
return true;
}
return false;
}
@Override
public Cursor query(Uri uri, String[] projection, String selection,
String[] selectionArgs, String sortOrder) {
// TODO: Implement this to handle query requests from clients.
Cursor student = readableDatabase.query("student", projection, selection, selectionArgs, null, null, sortOrder);
return student;
}
@Override
public int update(Uri uri, ContentValues values, String selection,
String[] selectionArgs) {
// TODO: Implement this to handle requests to update one or more rows.
int student = readableDatabase.update("student", values, selection, selectionArgs);
return student;
}
}
Activity代码
package com.example.mycontentprovider;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.content.ContentResolver;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.Toast;
import java.net.URL;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private Button deleteId;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
deleteId = (Button) findViewById(R.id.delete_id);
final ContentResolver contentResolver = getContentResolver();
final Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://com.day0302.app");
deleteId.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
contentResolver.delete(uri, "id=?", new String[]{"2"});
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "已删除", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
});
}
}