动态时钟

/**
 * struct tick_sched - sched tick emulation and no idle tick control/stats
 * @sched_timer:	hrtimer to schedule the periodic tick in high
 *			resolution mode
 * @idle_tick:		Store the last idle tick expiry time when the tick
 *			timer is modified for idle sleeps. This is necessary
 *			to resume the tick timer operation in the timeline
 *			when the CPU returns from idle
 * @tick_stopped:	Indicator that the idle tick has been stopped
 * @idle_jiffies:	jiffies at the entry to idle for idle time accounting
 * @idle_calls:		Total number of idle calls
 * @idle_sleeps:	Number of idle calls, where the sched tick was stopped
 * @idle_entrytime:	Time when the idle call was entered
 * @idle_waketime:	Time when the idle was interrupted
 * @idle_exittime:	Time when the idle state was left
 * @idle_sleeptime:	Sum of the time slept in idle with sched tick stopped
 * @iowait_sleeptime:	Sum of the time slept in idle with sched tick stopped, with IO outstanding
 * @sleep_length:	Duration of the current idle sleep
 * @do_timer_lst:	CPU was the last one doing do_timer before going idle
 */
struct tick_sched {
	struct hrtimer			sched_timer;  //实现时钟的定时器
	unsigned long			check_clocks; 
	enum tick_nohz_mode		nohz_mode;    //当前运作模式
	ktime_t				idle_tick;    //在禁用周期时钟之前，上一个时钟信号的到期时间。
	int				inidle;
	int				tick_stopped; //如果周期时钟已经停用，则为1.
	unsigned long			idle_jiffies; //周期时钟听用的jiffies值
	unsigned long			idle_calls;   //内核试图停用时钟周期的次数
	unsigned long			idle_sleeps;  //成功停用时钟周期的次数。（如果下一个时钟即将在一个jiffy之后到期，内核是不会停用时钟的）。
	int				idle_active;  //
	ktime_t				idle_entrytime;
	ktime_t				idle_waketime;
	ktime_t				idle_exittime;
	ktime_t				idle_sleeptime;//周期时钟上一次禁用的准确时间
	ktime_t				iowait_sleeptime;
	ktime_t				sleep_length;  //周期时钟将禁用的时间长度。
	unsigned long			last_jiffies;
	unsigned long			next_jiffies; //下一个定时器到期时间的jiffy值。
	ktime_t				idle_expires; //下一个将到期的经典定时器的的到期时间。
	int				do_timer_last;
};

tick_cpu_sched是一个全局各CPU变量，提供一个struct tick_sched实例。这是必须的，因为对时钟的禁用是按照CPU指定的，而不是对整个系统指定的。

1、低精度系统下的动态时钟

（1）切换到动态时钟

/**
 * tick_nohz_switch_to_nohz - switch to nohz mode
 */
static void tick_nohz_switch_to_nohz(void)
{
	struct tick_sched *ts = &__get_cpu_var(tick_cpu_sched);
	ktime_t next;

	if (!tick_nohz_enabled)
		return;

	local_irq_disable();
	if (tick_switch_to_oneshot(tick_nohz_handler)) {
		local_irq_enable();
		return;
	}

	ts->nohz_mode = NOHZ_MODE_LOWRES;

	/*
	 * Recycle the hrtimer in ts, so we can share the
	 * hrtimer_forward with the highres code.
	 */
	hrtimer_init(&ts->sched_timer, CLOCK_MONOTONIC, HRTIMER_MODE_ABS);
	/* Get the next period */
	next = tick_init_jiffy_update();

	for (;;) {
		hrtimer_set_expires(&ts->sched_timer, next);
		if (!tick_program_event(next, 0))
			break;
		next = ktime_add(next, tick_period);
	}
	local_irq_enable();

	printk(KERN_INFO "Switched to NOHz mode on CPU #%d\n", smp_processor_id());
}

（2）动态时钟处理程序

/*
 * The nohz low res interrupt handler
 */
static void tick_noh