基于Springboot实现前端图片验证码的生成与校验

1、在后台创建一个工具类RandomValidateCodeUtil 

public class RandomValidateCodeUtil {
    private final static Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(RandomValidateCodeUtil.class);

    public static final String RANDOMCODEKEY = "RANDOMVALIDATECODEKEY";//放到session中的key
    private String randString = "0123456789";//随机产生只有数字的字符串 private String
    //private String randString = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ";//随机产生只有字母的字符串
    //private String randString = "0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ";//随机产生数字与字母组合的字符串
    private int width = 95;// 图片宽
    private int height = 25;// 图片高
    private int lineSize = 40;// 干扰线数量
    private int stringNum = 4;// 随机产生字符数量

    private Random random = new Random();

    /**
     * 获得字体
     */
    private Font getFont() {
        return new Font("Fixedsys", Font.CENTER_BASELINE, 21);
    }

    /**
     * 获得颜色
     */
    private Color getRandColor(int fc, int bc) {
        if (fc > 255)
            fc = 255;
        if (bc > 255)
            bc = 255;
        int r = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc - 16);
        int g = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc - 14);
        int b = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc - 18);
        return new Color(r, g, b);
    }

    /**
     * 生成随机图片
     */
    public void getRandcode(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
        HttpSession session = request.getSession();
        // BufferedImage类是具有缓冲区的Image类,Image类是用于描述图像信息的类
        BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_BGR);
        Graphics g = image.getGraphics();// 产生Image对象的Graphics对象,改对象可以在图像上进行各种绘制操作
        g.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);//图片大小
        g.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman", Font.ROMAN_BASELINE, 21));//字体大小
        g.setColor(getRandColor(110, 133));//字体颜色
        // 绘制干扰线
        for (int i = 0; i <= lineSize; i++) {
            drowLine(g);
        }
        // 绘制随机字符
        String randomString = "";
        for (int i = 1; i <= stringNum; i++) {
            randomString = drowString(g, randomString, i);
        }
        //将生成的随机字符串保存到session中
        session.removeAttribute(RANDOMCODEKEY);
        session.setAttribute(RANDOMCODEKEY, randomString);
        g.dispose();
        try {
            // 将内存中的图片通过流动形式输出到客户端
            ImageIO.write(image, "JPEG", response.getOutputStream());
        } catch (Exception e) {
            LOGGER.error("将内存中的图片通过流动形式输出到客户端失败");
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }

    /**
     * 绘制字符串
     */
    private String drowString(Graphics g, String randomString, int i) {
        g.setFont(getFont());
        g.setColor(new Color(random.nextInt(101), random.nextInt(111), random
                .nextInt(121)));
        String rand = String.valueOf(getRandomString(random.nextInt(randString
                .length())));
        randomString += rand;
        g.translate(random.nextInt(3), random.nextInt(3));
        g.drawString(rand, 13 * i, 16);
        return randomString;
    }

    /**
     * 绘制干扰线
     */
    private void drowLine(Graphics g) {
        int x = random.nextInt(width);
        int y = random.nextInt(height);
        int xl = random.nextInt(13);
        int yl = random.nextInt(15);
        g.drawLine(x, y, x + xl, y + yl);
    }

    /**
     * 获取随机的字符
     */
    public String getRandomString(int num) {
        return String.valueOf(randString.charAt(num));
    }
}

2、在ServiceContactService.class写入调用方法

@Service
public class ServiceContactService {
    private final static Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(RandomValidateCodeUtil.class);
  
    /**
     * 生成验证码
     */
    public void getVerify(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response){
        try {
            response.setContentType("image/jpeg");//设置相应类型,告诉浏览器输出的内容为图片
            response.setHeader("Pragma", "No-cache");//设置响应头信息，告诉浏览器不要缓存此内容
            response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
            response.setDateHeader("Expire", 0);
            RandomValidateCodeUtil randomValidateCode = new RandomValidateCodeUtil();
            randomValidateCode.getRandcode(request, response);//输出验证码图片方法
        } catch (Exception e) {
            LOGGER.error("获取验证码失败");
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    /**
     * 忘记密码页面校验验证码
     */
    public boolean checkVerify(String verifyInput, HttpSession session){
        try {
            //从session中获取随机数
            String random = (String) session.getAttribute("RANDOMVALIDATECODEKEY");
            if (random == null) {
                return false;
            }
            if (random.equals(verifyInput)) {
                return true;
            } else {
                return false;
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            LOGGER.error("验证码校验失败");
            e.printStackTrace();
            return false;
        }
    }

}

3、在controller层调用方法发送给前端

@Contoller
public class ServiceContactApi {


    @Autowired
    private ServiceContactService serviceContactService;

    /**
     * 生成验证码
     */
    @GetMapping("/getVerify")
    public void getVerify(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
        serviceContactService.getVerify(request, response);
    }

    /**
     * 忘记密码页面校验验证码
     */
    @PostMapping("/checkVerify")
    public boolean checkVerify(@RequestParam String verifyInput, HttpSession session) {
        return serviceContactService.checkVerify(verifyInput, session);
    }
}

4、在前端使用

Html：
<div style="margin: 0 auto;text-align: left;position: relative" >
  <input class="form-group__input" type="tel" id="verify_input" name="verify" placeholder="请输入验证码" maxlength="4" style="width: 40%;display: inline-block">
  <div style="width: 100px;position: absolute;top:10px;left: 45%">
    <a href="javascript:void(0);" title="点击更换验证码">
      <img id="imgVerify" src="" alt="更换验证码" height="36" width="100%" οnclick="getVerify(this);">
    </a>
  </div>

js：

//获取验证码
function getVerify(obj){
    obj.src ="/api/service/getVerify?"+Math.random();
}

添加到jquery.validate.js的一个验证码校验

jQuery.validator.addMethod('isVerify', function (value, element,params) {
    var flag = false;
    $.ajax({
        async:false,
        type : 'post',
        url: '/api/service/checkVerify',
        dataType:"json",
        data:{
            verifyInput :value
        },
        success : function (result) {
            flag = result
        }
    });
    return flag;
}, "验证失败");