Scala基础

Scala基础

 

Scala 定义 ：

val msg:String = "hello"

 

条件判断：

val m = if(i>200) 100 else 0

 

定义数组：

Val arr = Array(1,2,3);

object while1 {     def main(arrgs:Array[String]){       //循环       val str = Array("hoodoop","spark");       for(elem <- str){         print(elem+" ")       }       //求和       print(Array(1,2,3).sum)   } }

 

Map集合：

def main(arrgs:Array[String]){       //循环       val str = Map("hoodoop"->10,"spark"->20);       for(elem <- str){         print(elem+" ")    //(hoodoop,10) (spark,20)       }         for((k,v)<-str){         println("k="+k + " v="+v); // k=hoodoop v=10 k=spark v=20       }          println(str.contains("hoodoop")) //True              println(str("hoodoop")) // 35   }

 

For循环：

for(i <- arr ) println(i)

Tuple元组

val str = ("hoodoop","spark");       println(str._1) //hoodoop

 

定义List

def main(arrgs:Array[String]){       //定义LIst       val str:List[String] = List("hoodoop","spark");       val fruit = List("apple","orange");       //相当于       val fruits = "apple"::("orange"::Nil);       print(fruits.head) //打印第一种水果  apple   }

 

集合

scala> val arr = Array('a','b','c') arr: Array[Char] = Array(a, b, c)   scala> arr = Array('3') <console>:12: error: reassignment to val        arr = Array('3')

 

定义了数组，不能重新定义，val相当于final，但是可以给数组里的内容赋值

需要导包：

scala> import scala.collection.mutable._ import scala.collection.mutable._   scala> val ab = new ArrayBuffer(); ab: scala.collection.mutable.ArrayBuffer[Nothing] = ArrayBuffer()   scala> val aa = new ArrayBuffer[Int]() aa: scala.collection.mutable.ArrayBuffer[Int] = ArrayBuffer() 追加元素： scala> aa += 1 res6: aa.type = ArrayBuffer(1)

 

往数组添加元素：

scala> val aa = new ArrayBuffer[Int]() aa: scala.collection.mutable.ArrayBuffer[Int] = ArrayBuffer()   scala> aa += 1 res6: aa.type = ArrayBuffer(1)   scala> aa.append(1)   scala> aa res8: scala.collection.mutable.ArrayBuffer[Int] = ArrayBuffer(1, 1)   scala> aa += 2 res9: aa.type = ArrayBuffer(1, 1, 2)   集合追加： scala> aa ++= ab res10: aa.type = ArrayBuffer(1, 1, 2)   在aa数组第0位追加数组 scala> aa.insert(0,3,5) scala> aa res13: scala.collection.mutable.ArrayBuffer[Int] = ArrayBuffer(3, 5, 1, 1, 2)   从aa第二个位置去掉3个元素 scala> aa.remove(2,3) scala> aa res15: scala.collection.mutable.ArrayBuffer[Int] = ArrayBuffer(3, 5)

 

作业：生成随机数

import java.util.Random import scala.util.control.Breaks._ import scala.util.Random._ object Test {    def main(args: Array[String]) {        breakable{          while(true){            var r = new Random().nextInt(10);            println("r="+r)            if(r == 5){              break            }          }        }    } }

 

异常捕获：

import scala.io.Source object Test {    def main(args: Array[String]) {        try{          val file = Source.fromFile("D://scale.txt")          val lines = file.getLines()          for(content<- lines){            println(content)          }        }catch{          case ex:FileNotFoundException => println("文件找不到"+ex)          case ex:Exception => println(ex)        }finally {          println("释放资源")        }    } } 也可以写出： scala> val file =Source.fromFile("scale.txt") file: scala.io.BufferedSource = non-empty iterator   scala> file.foreach(println) 1 1

 

算法：

1.求和 scala> Array(1,2,3).sum res22: Int = 6   2.不变数组转化为可变数组 scala> val arrStr = ArrayBuffer("Scala","Spark") arrStr: scala.collection.mutable.ArrayBuffer[String] = ArrayBuffer(Scala, Spark)   scala> arrStr.mkString(",") res23: String = Scala,Spark   scala> arrStr.toBuffer res24: scala.collection.mutable.Buffer[String] = ArrayBuffer(Scala, Spark)   3.增强for循环 scala> for(a<-arrStr) println(a) Scala Spark

 

Map集合：

1. 定义Map scala> val bigData = Map("Hadoop"->10,"Spark"->20,"Scala"->30) bigData: scala.collection.mutable.Map[String,Int] = Map(Hadoop -> 10, Spark -> 20, Scala -> 30)   循环key，value scala> for((k,v)<-bigData) println(k+" "+v) Hadoop 10 Spark 20 Scala 30   循环key： scala> for(k<-bigData.keySet) println(k) Hadoop Spark Scala

 

List列表：

scala> val fruit:List[String] = List("apple","banana","oranges") fruit: List[String] = List(apple, banana, oranges) 也可以写成： scala> val fruit = "apple"::("oranges"::("pears"::Nil)) fruit: List[String] = List(apple, oranges, pears) Head获取List第一个值： scala> println(fruit.head) apple 获取list除去第一个的所有值： scala> println(fruit.tail) List(oranges, pears)

 

创建对象调用：

class Fruit {   def ops {     val fruit = List("appple", "oranges", "pears")     println(fruit.head)     println(fruit.tail)   } } object Test {    def main(args: Array[String]) {        val t = new Fruit        t.ops    } }